Deck 39: Neonatal Resuscitation

Question 1

It is not uncommon to find the premature neonate, especially who is under 27 weeks' gestation, with the eyes still fused and unable to open.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

The Paramedic should prewarm the ambulance for the preterm newborn to greater than 90 degrees Fahrenheit.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Thermoregulation is difficult for the newborn to maintain directly after birth, even for the term newborn.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

In some cases, the endotracheal tube becomes obstructed (e.g., by meconium); this is the O in DOPE.

Question 5

The neonate's umbilicus should be left exposed for umbilical catheterization, if necessary.

Question 6

The newborn should have a vigorous cry.

Question 7

A neonate weighing less than 4.2 pounds is considered to be of extremely low birth weight.

Question 8

Due to the fragile gelatinous state of a premature neonate's skin, the average preterm neonate can lose up to 150 mL of water in the first few days of life.

Question 9

When using a bag-mask assembly to assist the newborn with breathing, the Paramedic should gently start to ventilate at a rate of 40 to 60 breaths a minute.

Question 10

The normal respiratory rate of a neonate is 20 to 30 breaths per minute.

Question 11

Ventilation should not be interrupted for more than five seconds to place an orogastric tube.

Question 12

An example of heat loss through ____ could be placing a neonate on a cold bed, causing a heat transfer from the neonate to the bed.

A) convection
B) radiation
C) evaporation
D) conduction

Question 13

Heat transfer from direct contact is known as ____.

A) conduction
B) convection
C) evaporation
D) radiation

Question 14

Having a neonate exposed to drafts will cause a heat transfer through ____.

A) conduction
B) evaporation
C) convection
D) radiation

Question 15

Typically, the Paramedic checks the newborn's fontanels as the first step in the neurological exam.

Question 16

Preterm newborns who are hypoxic have a normal respiratory pattern.

Question 17

Capillary refill, a dependable sign of perfusion in newborns, may be best obtained on the newborn's forehead.

Question 18

____ is heat transfer due to air currents.

A) Evaporation
B) Conduction
C) Convection
D) Radiation

Question 19

Premature newborns have decreased amounts of brown adipose tissue for ____, the ability to make heat, due to their prematurity.

A) thermogenesis
B) aspiration
C) homeostasis
D) ventilation

Question 20

Good chest rise, a strong cry, and gasping are signs of good respiration.

Question 21

Newborns normally respond to hypoxia experienced initially during childbirth by increasing their ____.

A) glucose
B) temperature
C) respirations
D) insulin

Question 22

____________________ is the body's ability to control its warmth.

Question 23

The best surface for a newborn directly after birth is on the mother's ____________________.

Question 24

Some newborns have a congenital narrowing of the nasal airway, called ____.

A) syndactyly
B) macrosomia
C) oligohydramnios
D) choanal atresia

Question 25

If a newborn with primary apnea continues to have hypoxia, the newborn will begin to have gasping breaths that become agonal, after which breathing ceases altogether, a condition termed ____________________.

Question 26

Neonatal resuscitation should be considered whenever the newborn appears limp and lifeless, has absent or depressed respirations, or has a heart rate less than ____ beats per minute.

A) 100
B) 110
C) 120
D) 130

Question 27

During intubation of the neonate, the D in DOPE stands for (a) ____.

A) distressed circulation
B) diaphramic hernia
C) decreased respiration
D) displaced endotracheal tube

Question 28

Increased spinal fluid surrounding the brain is known as ____.

A) hydrocephalus
B) patent ductus arteriosus
C) petechiae
D) cephalhematoma

Question 29

If time permits and the neonate remains stable, the ____ can be used to approximate gestational age using a neuromuscular maturity score combined with a physical maturity score.

A) Quality of Life inventory
B) APGAR scale
C) Weschler-Bellevue test
D) Ballard scoring system

Question 30

The transfer of heat by conversion of liquid to a vapor is called ____.

A) convection
B) evaporation
C) conduction
D) radiation

Question 31

____ is the heat transfer of radiant energy without direct contact through absorption and emission of infrared rays.

A) Convection
B) Evaporation
C) Radiation
D) Conduction

Question 32

Some newborns have a congenitally small mandible that causes a narrowing of the airway, called ____.

A) Pierre Robin syndrome
B) myelomeningocele
C) omphalocele
D) macrosomia

Question 33

During intubation of the neonate, the Paramedic should stop and assess the newborn after ____ of combined ventilations and compressions.

A) 10 seconds
B) 30 seconds
C) 40 seconds
D) 60 seconds

Question 34

___________________ are alveolar lipoproteins obtained from an outside source that rapidly improve the neonate's oxygenation and lung compliance.

Question 35

Any childbirth that occurs before week ____ in the pregnancy is considered premature, thus leading to a preterm newborn.

A) 37
B) 39
C) 40
D) 42

Question 36

Betamethasone is a(n) ____ that crosses the placenta barrier and accelerates fetal lung development in anticipation of preterm delivery.

A) SSRI
B) glucocorticosteroid
C) alkylating agent
D) mitotic inhibitor

Question 37

To reduce the chance of heat loss, the newborn should be wrapped in ____ prior to wrapping in blankets.

A) aluminum foil
B) plastic wrap
C) parchment paper
D) heating pads

Question 38

On occasion, increased intrathoracic pressure during intubation leads to barotrauma and (a) ____ (the P in DOPE).

A) Pierre Robin syndrome
B) poor mask seal
C) pneumothorax
D) prolonged obstruction

Question 39

The ____________________ is the ideal state where body temperature is maintained within the normal rage.

Question 40

Preterm newborns may initially start with tachypnea but the continued hypoxia, secondary to their immature lungs, eventually leads to bradypnea, termed ____.

A) hypothermia
B) primary apnea
C) secondary apnea
D) aspiration syndrome

Question 41

____________________ (i.e., soft spots) are the openings between the skull's bones in the suture line.

Question 42

____________________ is characterized by increased respiratory difficulty, leading to hypoxia and hypoventilation, which leads to progressive atelectasis.

Question 43

Neonatal resuscitation, like adult resuscitation, starts with ____________________.

Question 44

____________________ solution, sometimes thought of as the drug of last resort, is administered when metabolic acidosis is suspected.

Question 45

Excessive edema to the entire body of the neonate may identify a condition known as ____________________, generalized subcutaneous edema accompanied by ascites, pleural effusions, and or pericardial effusions.