Deck 16: Appendix: History Module

Question 1

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth's best-known contribution to scientific management concerned selecting the best worker for a particular job.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

The year 1776 is an important date in the history of management because it saw the birth of the world's first democratic republic.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The Industrial Revolution marked the birth of management.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Henri Fayol and Frederick W.Taylor learned about management from studying actual managers at work.

Question 5

The Egyptian pyramids are an example of a project that was completed without the aid of managers.

Question 6

"Employee motivation" is the phrase most associated with scientific management.

Question 7

Job specialization continues to be a popular way to increase productivity today.

Question 8

Henri Fayol and Max Weber developed the idea of the five basic management functions.

Question 9

Factories in the Industrial Revolution needed to forecast demand to make sure that workers were paid fairly.

Question 10

The primary issue that motivated Taylor to create a more scientific approach to management was worker satisfaction.

Question 11

The division of labor is also referred to by the term job specification.

Question 12

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth got their ideas for management from the book Cheaper by the Dozen.

Question 13

Both Henri Fayol and Adam Smith saw division of work as an important principle of management.

Question 14

People value history because it can help put events that are taking place today into perspective.

Question 15

Taylor was the originator of the concept of scientific management.

Question 16

Classical approaches to management include the work of Taylor, Fayol, and Weber.

Question 17

The Industrial Revolution began in the seventeenth century.

Question 18

Henry Gantt's contribution to management theory was to develop efficient ways to schedule.

Question 19

Fayol feels that managers should be given authority over workers, but not the ability to give orders.

Question 20

Adam Smith argued that division of labor increased productivity.

Question 21

Unity of command means that all employees should answer to only one superior.

Question 22

The Hawthorne studies showed that the brighter the lights in the room, the more productive were workers who worked in the room.

Question 23

Organizational behavior studies were based purely on theoretical ideals rather than actual observation.

Question 24

The Hawthorne studies suggested that groups could influence the productivity of an individual.

Question 25

The "Whiz Kids" used statistical methods to improve decision making at the Ford Motor Company in the mid-1940s.

Question 26

The contingency approach to management states that there is a single best way to manage all organizations.

Question 27

Deming's total quality management system largely ignored the needs of customers.

Question 28

The idea of employees being paid a fair wage for their services did not emerge until the 1960s.

Question 29

A highly centralized organization is one in which subordinates are given a lot of opportunity to make decisions.

Question 30

The behavioral approach to management focuses on motivating workers to work productively.

Question 31

In today's organization, almost all employees have access to the mainframe computers that make up the company's computing resources.

Question 32

W.Edwards Deming's ideas about quality and management were first embraced by Japanese companies.

Question 33

Fayol thought that allowing employees to originate their own plans would increase motivation.

Question 34

The idea of an organization as a system was borrowed from psychological concepts.

Question 35

The behavioral approach to management began in the 1960s with organizational behavior (OB).

Question 36

The quantitative approach to management evolved out of mathematical methods of solving military problems.

Question 37

Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of five needs theory suggested once a need was satisfied, it stopped motivating behavior.

Question 38

Robert Owen was greatly concerned with how workers were treated in factories of the Industrial Revolution.

Question 39

A contingency variable that can affect managing style is organization size.

Question 40

Contemporary approaches to management see the organization as a closed system in which all inputs and outputs stay within the system.

Question 41

The Industrial Revolution made ________ necessary for manufacturing organization's success for the first time in history.

A)decentralization
B)customer satisfaction
C)product demand
D)management

Question 42

Evidence that managers in the fifteenth-century Venetian shipbuilding facility were interested in controlling costs is best shown by which of the following?

A)inventory systems
B)warehouses for materials
C)wine breaks for employees
D)an accounting system

Question 43

The "floating assembly line" in Venice operated ________.

A)centuries before the Industrial Revolution
B)during the Industrial Revolution
C)shortly after the Industrial Revolution
D)long after the Industrial Revolution

Question 44

The best evidence that managers must have guided the construction of the Egyptian pyramids is ________.

A)how long ago they were built
B)the fact that they were built by hand
C)their sheer size
D)their majestic beauty

Question 45

Evidence that managers in the fifteenth-century Venetian shipbuilding facility were interested in keeping track of materials is best shown by which of the following?

A)an accounting system
B)an assembly line
C)an inventory system
D)wine breaks for employees

Question 46

Industrial Revolution factories needed accurate demand forecasts to avoid making ________ products.

A)too few
B)too many
C)too many or too few
D)too large or too small

Question 47

Henry Ford's statement that "History is more or less bunk" is best refuted by which of the following statements?

A)History has been shown to be 100 percent accurate.
B)History can put current activities in perspective.
C)Historical facts are seldom proven to be wrong.
D)People who write history always have an agenda.

Question 48

Proof that the pyramids were well-managed projects can be seen in the fact that they ________.

A)are famous the world over
B)are unique
C)have lasted thousands of years
D)were built in a desert land

Question 49

Evidence that managers in the fifteenth-century Venetian shipbuilding facility were interested in job satisfaction is best shown by which of the following?

A)inventory systems
B)warehouses for materials
C)wine breaks for employees
D)an accounting system

Question 50

Convincing the ministers who controlled money and resources in ancient Egypt that building a pyramid was worth the effort is evidence of which management function?

A)planning
B)organizing
C)monitoring
D)leading

Question 51

Making sure that a pyramid is built on time and according to plan is evidence of which management function?

A)planning
B)organizing
C)monitoring
D)leading

Question 52

The Industrial Revolution is largely credited with ushering in the birth of ________.

A)the corporation
B)fair pay for workers
C)craftsmanship
D)fair treatment for workers

Question 53

The shipbuilding facility in fifteenth-century Venice resembled ________.

A)Detroit auto assembly lines
B)how Silicon Valley workers design new software
C)how handmade sweaters are knitted
D)how a chef makes a superb pasta dish

Question 54

Successfully designing a 450-foot-tall pyramid is primarily evidence of which management function?

A)planning
B)organizing
C)monitoring
D)leading

Question 55

The most important pre-twentieth century development in management was the ________.

A)Industrial Revolution
B)personal computer
C)building of Brooklyn Bridge
D)American Revolution

Question 56

What we call job specialization today was termed this in the eighteenth century.

A)hierarchy
B)job sharing
C)division of work
D)division of labor

Question 57

How many workers were involved in building a single Egyptian pyramid?

A)millions
B)tens of millions
C)about 50,000
D)about 100,000

Question 58

Getting 100,000 workers to work together to build an enormous pyramid is evidence of which management function?

A)planning
B)organizing
C)monitoring
D)budgeting

Question 59

________ was a strong proponent of division of labor.

A)Max Weber
B)Frederick W. Taylor
C)Adam Smith
D)Henry Gantt

Question 60

The size and scope of Industrial Revolution factories made such things as ________ necessary for companies.

A)materials
B)hierarchical organization
C)supplies
D)revenues and costs

Question 61

Fayol's principle of ________ refers to how extensively employees participate in decision making.

A)discipline
B)remuneration
C)initiative
D)authority

Question 62

Max Weber helped ________.

A)develop the idea of the idealistic workplace
B)develop general administrative theory
C)develop scientific management
D)carry out time-and-motion studies

Question 63

According to Henri Fayol, the principle of ________ gives managers the right to give orders.

A)discipline
B)centralization
C)order
D)authority

Question 64

Fayol's principle of ________ states that an employee in an organization should answer to only one superior.

A)authority
B)unity of command
C)equity
D)centralization

Question 65

Early proponents of division of labor made claims that it could dramatically ________.

A)improve employee morale
B)increase sales
C)increase quality
D)increase productivity

Question 66

Henry Gantt developed graphical methods to help managers with ________ problems.

A)discipline
B)scheduling
C)leadership
D)decision-making

Question 67

Robert Owen tried to develop ________ to improve the workplace conditions in factories.

A)managerial scheduling methods
B)what he termed the idealistic workplace
C)general administrative theory
D)industrial psychology

Question 68

What inspired Robert Owen to devote efforts into creating an idealistic workplace?

A)possible profit from factories
B)articles in the newspaper
C)deplorable factory conditions
D)greedy factory owners

Question 69

Job specialization entails breaking down a complex job into ________.

A)five key components
B)broad general categories
C)simple, narrow repetitive tasks
D)nonrepeating tasks

Question 70

Fayol's principle of ________ refers to how to build harmony and unity in an organization.

A)centralization
B)equity
C)order
D)esprit de corps

Question 71

________ is the originator of the Fourteen Principles of Management.

A)Henri Fayol
B)Max Weber
C)Hugo Munsterberg
D)Henry Gantt

Question 72

Fayol's principle of ________ refers to how extensively employees participate in decision making in an organization.

A)division of labor
B)centralization
C)order
D)equity

Question 73

Frederick W.Taylor is most closely associated with which of the following?

A)general administrative theory
B)time-and-motion studies
C)idealistic workplace
D)scientific management

Question 74

According to Henri Fayol, the principle of ________ requires employees to respect the rules of their organization.

A)equity
B)remuneration
C)discipline
D)order

Question 75

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth were best known in management circles for ________.

A)time-and-motion studies
B)industrial psychology
C)the Fourteen Principles of Management
D)scientific management

Question 76

Real world studies have shown that division of labor ________.

A)results in dramatic, permanent productivity increases
B)has drawbacks
C)has no drawbacks
D)works only in very small organizations

Question 77

Cheaper by the Dozen is a book about this topic.

A)efficiency in bulk buying
B)life in a large family
C)the rise of Japanese manufacturing
D)the theory of pricing

Question 78

Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations was first published in the same ________ as the Declaration of Independence.

A)city
B)year
C)publishing house
D)country

Question 79

Max Weber felt this was an ideal form of organization.

A)a democracy
B)a work group
C)a bureaucracy
D)a meritocracy

Question 80

Fayol's principle of ________ states that employees in an organization should be fairly compensated for their labor.

A)remuneration
B)discipline
C)authority
D)unity of command