Deck 14: Pluralism in Society: Creating Unity in a Diverse America

Question 1

In which area has U.S. corporations been in conflict with the current administration in the White House?

A) Religion, social class and disabilities
B) Gender, Age, and Sexual Orientation
C) Sensitivity to global issues and cultures
D) Regional dialects and geographical origins

Answer 1

Sensitivity to global issues and cultures

Question 2

What was the original purpose of affirmative action?

A) To insure the racial composition of the workforce reflected the population
B) To require governmental agencies, colleges and corporations meet certain racial quotas
C) To recruit and hire more African American workers in the federal government
D) To increase the hiring African Americans for white collar jobs

Answer 2

To recruit and hire more African American workers in the federal government

Question 3

What is the first step a court orders to determine if an affirmative action plan is needed for a business?

A) An analysis of employee diversity is conducted to determine if it reflects the diversity of the applicant pool.
B) The hiring practices of the human resources department are analyzed for bias in hiring practices.
C) Administration is interviewed to determine if company restructuring is advised.
D) An IRS audit is conducted.

Answer 3

An analysis of employee diversity is conducted to determine if it reflects the diversity of the applicant pool.

Question 4

Proponents of affirmative action argue that

A) Monitoring of businesses and colleges must be punitive to get them to comply.
B) Businesses must be forced to hire more women and minorities no matter their qualifications.
C) Colleges and universities are doing a good job of increasing the chances of minorities and women being hired.
D) It addresses the broader goals of society by creating more unity.

Question 5

Opponents of affirmative action argue all of the following except that

A) Affirmative action has decreased the opportunities available for white males in business.
B) Affirmative action has actually created more unity in American society.
C) Unqualified minorities are being hired over more qualified white males to satisfy affirmative action quotas.
D) The solution of affirmative action is worse that the problem of inequality.

Question 6

The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled all but which of the following?

A) Job requirements that are directly related to the work requirements are not considered discriminatory, even if they advantage some candidates.
B) Laying off employees based on seniority is legitimate.
C) It is legitimate to hire a more qualified majority candidate over a less qualified minority candidate.
D) "Last hired, first fired" is discriminatory because more women and minorities hold low seniority positions.

Question 7

After interviewing for a federal job, Eric, a white male, argues that he did not get the job because the federal government is required to hire minorities and women based on affirmative action quotas. What is wrong with his argument?

A) Quotas have never been mandated or required under affirmative action.
B) Race can be used as only one factor when considering applicants for federal employment.
C) Although quotas are mandated for private businesses, governmental jobs are not required to follow them.
D) Employees are required to hire based on minority status only after all qualifications for the job are met.

Question 8

Opponents to affirmative action and multicultural education on university and college campuses do not claim which of the following?

A) Classes that only emphasize a Western culture have declined to be replaced by more world history courses.
B) Lower academic standards had to be set in order to attract more minority students.
C) Multicultural education has caused a decline in academic standards and the rigors of a traditional education.
D) An inclusive education is used to promote a political agenda rather than an academic agenda.

Question 9

Reddy's "predictable baggage" refers to

A) The lack of college readiness evidenced by many first generation college students
B) The separation and isolation often experienced by persons of color in college
C) The skills that are lacking among those who are advantaged affirmative action programs
D) The preparedness of white male students for virtually every element of the society in which we live

Question 10

According to Musil (1996) what was a major limitation of the first courses developed to study diversity?

A) Men did not want to take the classes because they feel uncomfortable.
B) They focused on the differences rather than the similarities of various groups.
C) They did not examine the reality of multiple identities.
D) Not enough colleges and universities offered these classes.

Question 11

The U.S. Supreme Court ruling on the University of Michigan's admissions procedures was based on the rule that

A) Racial categories on application materials were inadequate.
B) While race can be used as a factor in admissions it cannot be linked to the existence of racial quotas.
C) Race and racial quotas cannot play a role in admissions decisions.
D) For race to be used in college admissions, in any form, violates the civil rights of white students.

Question 12

What minority group has the largest amount of purchasing power in the United States?

A) African Americans
B) Hispanic Americans
C) LGBT people
D) Women

Question 13

A valid reason that corporations have been successful at promoting diversity in the work place is that

A) Corporations understand the purchasing power of diverse consumers.
B) Larger numbers of minorities who are college-educated are entering the workforce.
C) Court rulings have applied pressure to corporations to promote diversity.
D) Affirmative action programs have proved successful in business models.

Question 14

Which is not a primary reason why companies should increase their diversity and create a positive work environment?

A) Diversity improves productivity and reduces turnover costs.
B) There is less perception of bias in the workplace.
C) Employees develop a better understanding of each other.
D) Diversity issues must be addressed to avoid legal actions.

Question 15

Recognition of the importance of diversity in the workplace

A) Is a characteristic of most successful businesses because they understand the advantages of promoting workplace diversity.
B) Is less likely in rural areas where diversity is not as prevalent.
C) Could be substantially improved across most business sectors.
D) Has improved broadly as a result of several high profile and costly lawsuits.

Question 16

What was the result of a 2015 court decision against Abercrombie & Fitch?

A) Employers are mandated to provide religious accommodations for employees.
B) Corporations must develop guidelines for transgender use of bathrooms.
C) Employees cannot be terminated for filing discrimination complaints against employers.
D) American business executives must become more attentive to diversity.

Question 17

Which was not a reason for the effectiveness of current diversity training?

A) Covered a broad range of topics.
B) Emphasized "sensitivity training."
C) Focused on the pragmatic reasons for promoting diversity.
D) Developed communication skills.

Question 18

What problems persist for women in the business community?

A) The glass ceiling
B) Salary inequities
C) Sexual harassment
D) All of the above

Question 19

Which of the following statements reflects the trend of pluralism in media related professions?

A) The majority of workers for the behind the camera jobs in media are women and people of color.
B) The majority of college students majoring in journalism are female.
C) The majority of sports coverage is done by African American reporters.
D) The majority of recent college graduates who are able to find a job in media are people of color.

Question 20

The positive portrayal of a person with a disability in prominent advertisement

A) Can be seen as an insensitive way to market or promote a product.
B) Has very little to do with market segment.
C) Can spawn a trend resulting in larger numbers of similar advertisements.
D) Is ineffectual because people with disabilities have very little purchasing power.

Question 21

What cultural value of Native Americans has resulted in increased use of computers?

A) Independence
B) Resilience
C) Cooperation
D) Curiosity

Question 22

The outcome of a WWII study regarding desegregation in a military unit resulted in which of the following?

A) All soldiers in the study functioned effectively.
B) A continuation of follow-up studies involving desegregating police units and fire houses were conducted.
C) It became clear that the American military was not ready for desegregation.
D) There was a massive influx of persons of color into the military.

Question 23

Prior to the U.S. Military becoming all-volunteer

A) Black recruits were limited to all-black units.
B) Native American recruits were not allowed to serve as officers.
C) Only white males were drafted into service.
D) Women held almost exclusively medical or administrative assignments.

Question 24

A majority of female soldiers support the elimination of the ban on combat assignments because

A) Being placed in combat assignments increases educational opportunities.
B) Women are already in circumstances that place them at risk.
C) Only combat veterans are eligible to receive military honors.
D) There are greater pay-outs for active duty military personnel.

Question 25

What was the result of "Don't Ask, Don't Tell" being repealed for the U.S. Armed forces?

A) Openly gay men and lesbians were dishonorably discharged from service.
B) Openly opposing gays and lesbians was permitted in the military.
C) The armed forces began to actively recruit openly gay men and lesbians.
D) Gays and lesbians continued to keep their sexuality a secret when serving in the military.

Question 26

Explain the original purpose and the controversy over Affirmative Action as provided in Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. What is your opinion as to when, where, and why affirmative action is or is not acceptable?

Question 27

Describe your experiences with multicultural and diversity education at your college or university. Explain how your opinions about diversity and people who are different from you have changed for the positive or the negative.

Question 28

Describe the workplace diversity for a job you have had. What was the racial, ethnic, and gender make-up of the managers and the workforce? Do you feel the business was a good or poor reflection of community diversity and why?

Question 29

How did digital media impact politics and the presidential campaigns of 2008 and 2012? What effect does this increased use have on politics in the United States?

Question 30

Dansby, Stewart, and Webb (2001) wrote, "In many ways the military has always been a mirror of American society, reflecting back the scars and blemishes as well as the face of the nation" (p. xvii). Explain how the military has done this in terms of diversity.