Deck 12: File and Secondary Storage Management

Question 1

A key distinction between SAN devices and NAS servers is the type of storage access requests that are serviced.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Storing parity data reduces a disk array's usable capacity.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A graph folder structure is less flexible than a hierarchical folder structure.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

On larger computers such as servers, a volume can span multiple physical secondary storage devices.

Question 5

A laptop computer with Windows but no installed apps supports over a dozen file types.

Question 6

Access controls are enforced automatically in FMS service routines that access and manipulate files and directories.

Question 7

Low blocking factors, with larger logical records, require fewer buffers to achieve substantial performance improvements.

Question 8

Users and applications view secondary storage logically as a collection of files organized in folders and storage volumes.

Question 9

The storage server in a SAN is a complete general-purpose computer.

Question 10

A typical laptop computer has up to a few hundred storage volumes.

Question 11

Most FMSs include direct support for only a few file types but enable additional types to be defined and associated with installed apps.

Question 12

Allocation units can be smaller than the unit of data transfer.

Question 13

If the logical record size is less than the physical record size, a single physical record might contain multiple logical records.

Question 14

The logical view of secondary storage consists of files contained within folders and storage volumes.

Question 15

DAS is inexpensive and efficient for organizations with dozens or hundreds of servers and terabytes of shared data.

Question 16

In most FMSs, files are immediately removed from secondary storage when they're deleted.

Question 17

Disk mirroring provides a high degree of protection against data loss with no performance penalty if it's implemented in hardware.

Question 18

An FMS provides command-layer functions and utility programs for users and system administrators to manage files, directories, and secondary storage devices.

Question 19

​The storage I/O control layer processes service calls from the command layer or application program and issues commands to the storage I/O control layer to interact with hardware.

Question 20

File migration moves files from cloud storage to local secondary storage devices as they become older and more out-of-date.

Question 21

The technologies that support cloud-based storage services are similar to those used to manage the contents of multilevel primary storage caches.

Question 22

Blocking is described by a numeric ratio of logical records to physical records called the ____.

A) holding factor
B) locking factor
C) group factor
D) blocking factor

Question 23

"Out of the box", and with no installed apps, a typical operating system directly defines/supports ____ of file types.

A) a handful
B) a few dozen
C) hundreds
D) thousands

Question 24

The technologies that support cloud-based storage services are similar to those used to manage the contents of multilevel primary storage caches.

A) disk management system​
B) ​storage management system
C) ​file management system
D) ​control management system

Question 25

In UNIX, the ____ privilege allows a user or process to alter a file's contents or delete it altogether.

A) read
B) execute
C) write
D) special

Question 26

The folder that's currently being accessed is called the ____ folder

A) previous
B) next
C) working
D) index

Question 27

In UNIX, the ____ privilege allows a user or process can view a file's contents.

A) read
B) write
C) execute
D) special

Question 28

In a ____, folders can contain other folders, but a folder can't be contained in more than one parent.

A) linear folder structure
B) logical folder structure
C) virtual folder structure
D) hierarchical folder structure

Question 29

In Windows NTFS, the ____ contains a sequential set of file records, one for each file in the volume.

A) master node
B) storage allocation table
C) file allocation table
D) master file table

Question 30

When the storage allocation table uses ____ data structures sequential file access is very efficient but random access is much less efficient.

A) linked lists
B) B+ trees
C) binary trees
D) hash tables

Question 31

A ____ is a temporary holding area for extracting logical records from physical records.

A) block
B) buffer
C) page
D) cache

Question 32

A ____ is a data structure that records which allocation units are free and which belong to files.

A) file allocation table
B) master file table
C) master node
D) storage allocation table

Question 33

The ____ is the part of the kernel that accesses storage locations and manages data movement between storage devices and memory.

A) store I/O control manager
B) storage I/O control layer
C) disk I/O control layer
D) disk I/O control supervisor

Question 34

On a desktop or laptop computer, a ____ is usually an entire physical secondary storage device, a partition of the device, or a removable storage device such as a DVD or flash drive.

A) page
B) block
C) sector
D) sector

Question 35

A ____ is the unit of storage transferred between the device controller and memory in a single operation.

A) virtual record
B) physical record
C) logical record
D) hard record

Question 36

The relationship between file types and the programs or OS utilities that manipulate them is called ____.

A) file launcher
B) file association
C) shell
D) folder manager

Question 37

Among other things, ____ type determines naming restrictions, allowable operations, and physical organization.

A) volume
B) folder
C) file
D) storage device

Question 38

In a process called ____, a file's original version is archived automatically whenever the file is modified.

A) differencing
B) chaining
C) file migration
D) partitioning

Question 39

A ____ is a collection of data items, or fields, that an application program accesses as a single unit.

A) physical record
B) virtual record
C) logical record
D) managed record

Question 40

The ____ layer is the bridge between logical and physical views of secondary storage.

A) file control
B) disk control
C) storage I/O control
D) block control

Question 41

If a physical record contains just one logical record, the file is said to be ____________________.

Question 42

Via the ____________________ layer, users perform common file management functions, such as copying, moving, and renaming files.

Question 43

The most common example of multiple RAID levels layered to combine their best features is ____.

A) RAID 0
B) RAID 1
C) RAID 5
D) RAID 10

Question 44

A(n) ____________________ contains a single data item within a logical record.

Question 45

A(n) ____________________ is the smallest number of secondary storage bytes that can be allocated to a file.

Question 46

____ is a disk storage technique that improves performance and fault tolerance.

A) DIR
B) RAID
C) PAID
D) PAIR

Question 47

A(n) ____________________ contains information about files and other folders.

Question 48

The FMS uses ____________________ in primary storage to store data temporarily as it moves between programs and secondary storage devices.

Question 49

A(n) ____ archives only files that have been modified since the previous incremental or full backup.

A) full backup
B) incremental backup
C) differential backup
D) synthetic full backup

Question 50

A(n) ____________________ path begins at the current directory's level and extends downward to a specific file.

Question 51

If five disks are used in a RAID 5 array, ____% of the available disk space stores redundant parity information.

A) 10
B) 15
C) 20
D) 25

Question 52

A ____ is a high-speed interconnection between general-purpose servers and a separate storage server.

A) network area storage
B) storage accelerated network
C) storage area network
D) storage area network

Question 53

Logical record grouping in physical records is called ____________________.

Question 54

____ breaks a unit of data into smaller segments and stores these segments on multiple disks.

A) Data striping
B) Data mirroring
C) Data checking
D) Data cloning

Question 55

The term ____ describes any architecture with a dedicated storage server attached to a general-purpose network to handle storage access requests from other servers.

A) storage area network
B) direct attached storage
C) network-local storage
D) network-attached storage

Question 56

When a(n) ____ is performed, the FMS copies all files and directories for an entire storage volume.

A) full backup
B) incremental backup
C) differential backup
D) synthetic full backup

Question 57

____ describes any architecture in which software running on a CPU accesses secondary storage devices in the same computer.

A) NAS
B) DAS
C) SAN
D) DAN

Question 58

____ is a fault-tolerance technique in which all disk write operations are made simultaneously or concurrently to two storage devices.

A) Disk partitioning
B) Disk planning
C) Disk locking
D) Disk mirroring

Question 59

The ____________________ layer provides service functions for manipulating files and directories.

Question 60

A limited-purpose server is sometimes called a "____."

A) server appliance
B) server host
C) general purpose server
D) standard server

Question 61

The technologies that support cloud-based storage services are similar to those used to manage the contents of multilevel primary storage __________________.

Question 62

A user might be able to recover a deleted file by performing a(n) ____________________ operation.

Question 63

In RAID, ____________________ improves read performance by breaking a large read operation into smaller parallel read operations.

Question 64

What are steps that FMS follows to complete the file open operation?

Question 65

____________________ is a file management technique that balances each file version's storage cost with anticipated user demand for this version.

Question 66

Compare and contrast RAID 1 through 6.

Question 67

​Describe how secondary storage devices store bits, bytes and blocks.

Question 68

____________________ are contacts between a read/write head and a spinning platter.

Question 69

A(n) ____________________ backup is a variation on an incremental backup in which backup times aren't reset as files are copied.

Question 70

The traditional model of storage access by application software relies on an approach commonly called ____________________.

Question 71

​A(n) ____________________ server accepts storage access requests from other servers and accesses embedded storage devices on their behalf.

Question 72

As applied to FMSs, ____________________ describes methods of securing file content against hardware failure.

Question 73

​When duplicate disks are in the same cabinet, mirroring is usually implemented in hardware by the ____________________.

Question 74

List two reasons that RAID hardware systems are common.

Question 75

To an FMS, a(n) ____________________ is any change to file contents or attributes, such as an added record, a modified field, or changed access controls.

Question 76

Describe RAID 10.

Question 77

​The original RAID version, now known as RAID ____________________, was developed at the University of California, Berkeley, in the late 1980s.