Question 1

The largest minority group in the United States is African Americans.

Accepted Answer

As of the most recent data, the largest minority group in the United States is Hispanic or Latino Americans, surpassing African Americans.

Question 2

By the year,2045,the majority of the population of the United States will be composed of racial and ethnic minorities.

Accepted Answer

According to projections from the United States Census Bureau, by the year 2045, racial and ethnic minorities will make up the majority of the population in the United States. This includes groups such as Hispanic/Latinx, Black/African American, Asian, and multiracial individuals.

Question 3

A majority group is the largest numerical racial or ethnic group in a society.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A majority group is the largest numerical...

Question 4

Race is socially constructed and is based on societal choices about what physical characteristics to pay attention to and about how to classify people on the basis of those characteristics.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Race is socially constructed and is based...

Question 5

In the book The Bell Curve,as discussed in your text book,scientific racism is evident in the claims:
A) That whites are genetically more likely to be better architects
B) That whites are genetically more likely to be healthy
C) That whites are superior athletes as compared to other races
D) That race is genetically linked to intelligence

Accepted Answer

The Bell Curve argues that intelligence is genetically linked to race, which is a prime example of scientific racism. The book claims that white people are genetically predisposed to be more intelligent and successful, while other races are inherently less intelligent and less likely to succeed. These claims have been widely discredited and criticized for their lack of basis in scientific evidence and their perpetuation of harmful racial stereotypes.

Question 6

Science has discredited the notion of racial superiority.

Accepted Answer

Science has shown that there is no scientific basis for racial superiority or the idea that one race is inherently better than another. Genetics and biology have revealed that there is far more genetic diversity within racial groups than between them, and that physical and mental abilities are not determined by race. Additionally, social and cultural factors play a significant role in shaping behavior and cognitive abilities, meaning that race cannot be used as a definitive indicator of intelligence or capability. Therefore, the idea of racial superiority has been discredited by scientific research.

Question 7

Any attitude,belief,behavior,or institutional arrangement that favors one race or ethnic group (usually a majority group)over another (usually a minority group)is called:
A) Individual discrimination
B) Ideological racism
C) Prejudice
D) Racism

Accepted Answer

Racism is defined as the belief that one race is superior to another, and it often leads to attitudes, behaviors, and institutional arrangements that favor the dominant group over others. Option A (individual discrimination) and C (prejudice) are both related to racism but do not capture the systemic and structural nature of racism as option D does. Option B (ideological racism) is also related to racism but only refers to the belief system and does not fully capture the actions and behaviors that result from such beliefs.

Question 8

Most African Americans and Hispanics have lower average incomes and since most students today are expected to pay much of the expense of college,a higher proportion of African American and Hispanics than Anglos (non-Hispanic whites)are kept out of college by its high cost.According to your textbook this is an example of:
A) Ideological racism
B) Individual prejudice
C) Individual discrimination
D) Institutional discrimination

Accepted Answer

Institutional discrimination refers to the ways in which the policies and practices of social institutions, such as education, employment, and housing, contribute to the systematic disadvantage of certain groups. In this case, the high cost of college limits access for African Americans and Hispanics due to systemic factors such as lower average incomes, making it an example of institutional discrimination. Ideological racism refers to the beliefs and attitudes of individuals, while individual prejudice and discrimination refer to the actions and behaviors of individuals.

Question 9

Prejudice refers to behavior that tends to favor one racial or ethnic group over another.

Accepted Answer

Prejudice refers to preconceived opinions or attitudes about a group of people that are not based on reason or actual experience. It does not necessarily involve behavior that favors one group over another. However, prejudice can lead to discrimination, which involves behavior and actions that disadvantage or favor a particular group.

Question 10

A homeowner refusing to sell his or her house to a Jew,a taxi driver refusing to pick up African Americans,or an employer paying lower wages to Chicanos than to Anglos for comparable work are all examples of:
A) Ideological prejudice
B) Individual prejudice
C) Institutional racism
D) Individual discrimination

Accepted Answer

These examples all involve individual acts of discrimination, where a person makes decisions or takes actions based on prejudice or bias against a particular group.

Question 11

Racism is not only about intentions (to favor one ethnic or racial group over another)but also any consequence where this may happen,no matter what the intent.

Accepted Answer

Racism is not only about intent, but also about the consequences of actions or policies that may disproportionately affect one ethnic or racial group over another. It is important to recognize and address the systemic and structural aspects of racism, rather than solely focusing on individual intentions.

Question 12

Any behavior by an individual that leads to unequal treatment because of race or ethnicity is called:
A) Individual discrimination
B) Ideological prejudice
C) Institutional racism
D) Individual prejudice

Accepted Answer

Individual discrimination refers to discriminatory behavior by an individual or a small group of individuals towards another individual or group based on their race or ethnicity. This can include actions such as refusal to hire, unequal pay, or physical attacks. Individual prejudice refers to the personal beliefs or attitudes held by an individual towards another based on their race or ethnicity. Ideological prejudice refers to the beliefs and attitudes held by a larger group towards a particular ethnicity or race. Institutional racism refers to discriminatory practices and policies within an organization or society as a whole that have a disproportionate effect on particular racial or ethnic groups.

Question 13

Generally,the economic and social situation for people of color in our society is getting better.

Accepted Answer

Despite some progress, people of color still face systemic racism and discrimination in various aspects of life, including employment, education, healthcare, and criminal justice. Income and wealth disparities between people of color and white people remain significant. The recent COVID-19 pandemic and its economic impact have disproportionately affected communities of color. Therefore, it cannot be said that the economic and social situation for people of color in our society is getting better.

Question 14

People's attitudes and beliefs that tend to favor one group over another or to cause unequal treatment on the basis of race is called:
A) Racial prejudice
B) Discrimination
C) Racial identity
D) Ideological racism

Accepted Answer

Racial prejudice refers to biased attitudes and beliefs held by individuals or groups towards others based on their race. This type of prejudice can lead to negative attitudes and behaviors towards people who are not of the same race, and can cause unequal treatment and discrimination. Discrimination, on the other hand, involves the behaviors and actions that result from prejudice, and can include things like unequal treatment in the workplace, housing discrimination, and police brutality. Racial identity refers to the sense of identity and belonging that people have based on their racial background, while ideological racism refers to the systematic oppression of one race by another, often involving government policies or institutionalized discrimination.

Question 15

A belief that the wealthiest and most powerful groups are biologically the "most fit" is called:
A) Individual discrimination
B) Social Darwinism
C) The "one drop" rule
D) Institutional racism

Accepted Answer

Social Darwinism is the belief that the most powerful and wealthy groups in society are biologically superior and "naturally" fit to dominate and succeed. This idea was based on Charles Darwin's theory of natural selection, but applied to human society and used to justify inequality and discrimination.

Question 16

Arrangements or practices in social institutions and their related organization that tend to favor one racial or ethnic group (usually the majority group)over another is called:
A) Ideological racism
B) Individual prejudice
C) Institutional racism
D) Individual discrimination

Accepted Answer

Institutional racism refers to systematic practices within social institutions, such as government, education, or employment, that create and maintain racial inequalities. It is not just about individual attitudes or actions, but rather about how policies, practices, and norms can favor one group over another.

Question 17

Psychological identification with a group is not an important part of what makes ethnicity real to people.

Accepted Answer

Psychological identification with a group is a key component of what makes ethnicity real to people. It is through shared cultural customs, traditions, and values that individuals feel a sense of belonging to a particular ethnic group. Without this psychological identification, the concept of ethnicity would be limited to a purely biological or genetic definition, which is often insufficient to capture the complexity of ethnic identity.

Question 18

The high cost of college and its differential impact on African Americans and Latinos/as is an example of institutional racism.

Accepted Answer

The high cost of college and its differential impact on African Americans and Latinos/as can be attributed to institutional racism, as it is a result of systemic and structural barriers that disproportionately affect certain racial and ethnic groups. These barriers can include discriminatory admissions policies, lack of access to financial aid, underfunded schools in minority communities, and hiring practices that discriminate against people of color.

Question 19

The belief that some races are biologically,intellectually,or culturally inferior to others is called:
A) Individual discrimination
B) Institutional racism
C) Ideological racism
D) Symbolic racism

Accepted Answer

The belief that some races are biologically, intellectually, or culturally inferior to others is known as ideological racism. Individual discrimination refers to acts of discrimination carried out by individuals against others based on their race or ethnicity. Institutional racism refers to discriminatory behavior or practices by institutions, organizations, or government entities that are built into their policies or procedures. Symbolic racism refers to an individual's subconscious and subtle biases towards a particular race, even if they consciously believe in equal treatment for all races.

Question 20

In the judgment of the text book author,the worsening plight of many minority group members can be best explained by looking at:
A) Social institutions and related organizations
B) Individual sources of prejudice
C) Why minorities don't assimilate
D) Ways to stop deliberate discrimination

Accepted Answer

The judgment of the text book author suggests that social institutions and related organizations are the main contributing factors to the worsening plight of many minority group members. This includes systemic factors such as institutional racism, unequal opportunities, and institutionalized bias. Individual sources of prejudice, assimilation, and ways to stop deliberate discrimination may be important as well, but they are secondary to the impact of social institutions on minority groups.

Quiz 1: Orientation: Basic Terms and Concepts

The largest minority group in the United States is African Americans.

By the year,2045,the majority of the population of the United States will be composed of racial and ethnic minorities.

A majority group is the largest numerical racial or ethnic group in a society.

Race is socially constructed and is based on societal choices about what physical characteristics to pay attention to and about how to classify people on the basis of those characteristics.

In the book The Bell Curve,as discussed in your text book,scientific racism is evident in the claims:

Science has discredited the notion of racial superiority.

Any attitude,belief,behavior,or institutional arrangement that favors one race or ethnic group (usually a majority group) over another (usually a minority group) is called:

Prejudice refers to behavior that tends to favor one racial or ethnic group over another.

A homeowner refusing to sell his or her house to a Jew,a taxi driver refusing to pick up African Americans,or an employer paying lower wages to Chicanos than to Anglos for comparable work are all examples of:

Racism is not only about intentions (to favor one ethnic or racial group over another)but also any consequence where this may happen,no matter what the intent.

Any behavior by an individual that leads to unequal treatment because of race or ethnicity is called:

Generally,the economic and social situation for people of color in our society is getting better.

People's attitudes and beliefs that tend to favor one group over another or to cause unequal treatment on the basis of race is called:

A belief that the wealthiest and most powerful groups are biologically the "most fit" is called:

Arrangements or practices in social institutions and their related organization that tend to favor one racial or ethnic group (usually the majority group) over another is called:

Psychological identification with a group is not an important part of what makes ethnicity real to people.

The high cost of college and its differential impact on African Americans and Latinos/as is an example of institutional racism.

The belief that some races are biologically,intellectually,or culturally inferior to others is called:

In the judgment of the text book author,the worsening plight of many minority group members can be best explained by looking at: