Question 1

Suppose a simple random sample of five hospitals is to be drawn from a population of 20 hospitals.There are 15,504 different samples of size 5 that can be drawn.The relative frequency distribution of the values of the mean of these 15,504 different samples would specify the ________ of the mean.
A) confidence level
B) sampling distribution
C) confidence interval
D) normal distribution

Accepted Answer

The sampling distribution of the mean would specify the relative frequency distribution of the means of all possible samples of size 5 that could be drawn from the population of 20 hospitals. Therefore, the correct answer is B - sampling distribution. Confidence level and confidence interval refer to specific intervals that are constructed based on the sample mean to estimate the population mean, and normal distribution refers to a specific type of probability distribution.

Question 2

When conducting marketing research in foreign countries,statistical estimation of sample size may be difficult as estimates of the population mean may be unavailable.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When conducting marketing research in foreign countries,statistical...

Question 3

The mathematical symbols "π" and "p" represent a ________ for the population and the sampling distribution respectively.
A) proportion
B) standard error of the mean
C) standard deviation
D) variance

Accepted Answer

The symbol "π" represents the population proportion, while "p" represents the sample proportion in statistics.

Question 4

Prior notification increases response rates for samples of the general public because it reduces surprise and uncertainty and creates a more cooperative atmosphere.

Accepted Answer

Prior notification allows people to prepare for the survey and feel more comfortable in participating, which increases the likelihood of a response.

Question 5

A ________ is a summary description of a fixed characteristic or measure of the target population.It denotes the true value that would be obtained if a census rather than a sample was undertaken.
A) precision level
B) finite population correction
C) parameter
D) statistic

Accepted Answer

A parameter is a summary description of a fixed characteristic or measure of the target population. It denotes the true value that would be obtained if a census rather than a sample was undertaken. Options A, B and D are not accurate descriptions of a parameter.

Question 6

Trend analysis is an attempt to discern a trend between early and late respondents.

Accepted Answer

Trend analysis involves comparing data from early and late respondents to see if there is a trend over time.

Question 7

Information on differences between respondents and nonrespondents may be obtained from the sample itself,or it may be possible to estimate the differences from other sources.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Information on differences between respondents and nonrespondents can be obtained from the sample itself or estimated from other sources.

Question 8

Nonresponse rates should always be reported and,whenever possible,the effects of nonresponse should be estimated.

Accepted Answer

Nonresponse rates are important to report as they can affect the reliability and validity of the data collected. Additionally, estimating the effects of nonresponse can help to identify potential biases in the sample and improve the accuracy of study results.

Question 9

Prepaid incentives have been shown to increase response rates to a greater extent than promised incentives.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true, as studies have shown that prepaid incentives (i.e. rewards provided upfront) tend to generate higher response rates compared to promised incentives (i.e. rewards promised but delivered after completion of a task). Prepaid incentives create a sense of immediate gratification and motivation, which seems to boost response rates more effectively.

Question 10

The ________ is a correction for overestimation of the variance of a population parameter,e.g. ,a mean or proportion,when the sample size is 10 percent or more of the population size.
A) finite population correction
B) parameter
C) precision level
D) statistic

Accepted Answer

The finite population correction is used to adjust for the overestimation of the variance that can occur when taking a sample from a population that is relatively small in comparison to the sample size. This correction is crucial to ensure that the statistical inference made based on the sample accurately represents the population from which it was drawn.

Question 11

If statistical estimation of sample size is at all attempted,it should be realized that the estimates of the population variance don't vary from country to country.

Accepted Answer

The population variance can indeed vary from country to country, depending on the characteristics of the population being studied. Therefore, statistical estimation of sample size should take into consideration the specific population being sampled, rather than assuming one consistent population variance across different countries.

Question 12

A ________ is a summary description of a characteristic or measure of the sample.It is used as an estimate of the population parameter.
A) statistic
B) finite population correction
C) parameter
D) precision level

Accepted Answer

A statistic is a summary description of a characteristic or measure of the sample, such as the mean or standard deviation. It is used as an estimate of the population parameter, which is the true value of the characteristic or measure for the entire population.

Question 13

High response rates decrease the probability that nonresponse bias is substantial.

Accepted Answer

When response rates are high, it is more likely that the sample is representative of the population, because a larger number of people participated in the survey. This decreases the probability of nonresponse bias, which occurs when people who did not respond differ from those who did respond to the survey in important ways. However, even with high response rates, nonresponse bias can still occur if the non-responders are systematically different from the responders.

Question 14

When estimating a population parameter by using a sample statistic,the ________ is the desired size of the estimating interval.This is the maximum permissible difference between the sample statistic and the population parameter.
A) finite population correction
B) precision level
C) parameter
D) statistic

Accepted Answer

The precision level is the desired size of the estimating interval and represents the maximum permissible difference between the sample statistic and the population parameter. The other options are not relevant to this concept.

Question 15

The mathematical symbols "σX" and "SX" represent a ________ for the population and the sampling distribution respectively.
A) standard deviation
B) standard error of the mean
C) proportion
D) variance

Accepted Answer

"σX" represents the standard deviation of a population, while "SX" typically represents the standard deviation of a sample, not the sampling distribution.

Question 16

Because low response rates increase the probability of response bias,an attempt should always be made to improve the response rate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because low response rates increase the probability...

Question 17

The ________ is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean or proportion.
A) variance
B) standard error
C) standard deviation
D) standardized variate

Accepted Answer

The standard error is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean or proportion. It is used to measure the accuracy of the sample mean or proportion in representing the population mean or proportion. The variance and standard deviation are measures of variability within a single sample or population. The standardized variate is a unitless measure used to compare observations from different populations.

Question 18

The ________ is called the standard error of the mean or the proportion to indicate that it refers to a sampling distribution of the mean or the proportion,and not to a sample or a population.
A) standard deviation
B) standardized variate
C) coefficient of variation
D) variance

Accepted Answer

The standard error of the mean/proportion refers to the variability of the mean/proportion within a sampling distribution. It is related to the standard deviation of the population, but specifically pertains to the distribution of means/proportions from multiple samples. The standard error is not the same as the standard deviation of a single sample or the population, and it is not a standardized value, coefficient, or variance.

Question 19

By inflating the standard deviation,it is possible to increase the sample size and thus the project revenue for the research firm.

Accepted Answer

Increasing the standard deviation increases the spread of the data, which can lead to a larger sample size needed to achieve a certain level of significance. A larger sample size can result in higher project revenue for the research firm.

Question 20

The door-in-the-face attempt at motivating potential respondents is more effective than foot-in-the-door.

Accepted Answer

The foot-in-the-door technique has been found to be more effective in motivating potential respondents compared to the door-in-the-face technique. This is because the foot-in-the-door technique involves starting with a small request and gradually increasing the size of the request, while the door-in-the-face technique involves starting with a large request and then following up with a smaller request. Research has shown that people are more likely to comply with the second request in the foot-in-the-door technique as it creates a sense of commitment and consistency.

Quiz 12: Sampling: Final and Initial Sample Size Determination

Suppose a simple random sample of five hospitals is to be drawn from a population of 20 hospitals.There are 15,504 different samples of size 5 that can be drawn.The relative frequency distribution of the values of the mean of these 15,504 different samples would specify the ________ of the mean.

When conducting marketing research in foreign countries,statistical estimation of sample size may be difficult as estimates of the population mean may be unavailable.

The mathematical symbols "π" and "p" represent a ________ for the population and the sampling distribution respectively.

Prior notification increases response rates for samples of the general public because it reduces surprise and uncertainty and creates a more cooperative atmosphere.

A ________ is a summary description of a fixed characteristic or measure of the target population.It denotes the true value that would be obtained if a census rather than a sample was undertaken.

Trend analysis is an attempt to discern a trend between early and late respondents.

Information on differences between respondents and nonrespondents may be obtained from the sample itself,or it may be possible to estimate the differences from other sources.

Nonresponse rates should always be reported and,whenever possible,the effects of nonresponse should be estimated.

Prepaid incentives have been shown to increase response rates to a greater extent than promised incentives.

The ________ is a correction for overestimation of the variance of a population parameter,e.g. ,a mean or proportion,when the sample size is 10 percent or more of the population size.

If statistical estimation of sample size is at all attempted,it should be realized that the estimates of the population variance don't vary from country to country.

A ________ is a summary description of a characteristic or measure of the sample.It is used as an estimate of the population parameter.

High response rates decrease the probability that nonresponse bias is substantial.

When estimating a population parameter by using a sample statistic,the ________ is the desired size of the estimating interval.This is the maximum permissible difference between the sample statistic and the population parameter.

The mathematical symbols "σX" and "SX" represent a ________ for the population and the sampling distribution respectively.

Because low response rates increase the probability of response bias,an attempt should always be made to improve the response rate.

The ________ is the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of the mean or proportion.

The ________ is called the standard error of the mean or the proportion to indicate that it refers to a sampling distribution of the mean or the proportion,and not to a sample or a population.

By inflating the standard deviation,it is possible to increase the sample size and thus the project revenue for the research firm.

The door-in-the-face attempt at motivating potential respondents is more effective than foot-in-the-door.