Question 1

Epithelial cells lining the internal passageways of the genitourinary tract usually have ________ at their free surface.
A)mitochondria
B)cilia
C)microvilli
D)junctional complexes
E)Golgi complexes

Accepted Answer

Epithelial cells lining the genitourinary tract typically have microvilli at their free surface to increase surface area for absorption and secretion.

Question 2

Which type of tissue fills internal spaces of the body?
A)neural
B)muscle
C)connective
D)epithelial
E)glandular

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue is known for its function of filling internal spaces of the body, providing structural support, and connecting different tissues and organs together. Examples of connective tissue include bone, cartilage, blood, and adipose tissue. Neural tissue is responsible for carrying electrical signals throughout the body, muscle tissue is responsible for movement, epithelial tissue covers and lines external and internal body surfaces, and glandular tissue produces and secretes hormones and other substances.

Question 3

The tissue that always has a "top" and a "bottom" is ________ tissue.
A)epithelial
B)connective
C)muscle
D)basal
E)apical

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue is always polarized, meaning there is a distinct apical (top) surface and basal (bottom) surface. This allows for selective absorption and secretion. Connective tissue, muscle tissue, and basal tissue do not have distinct top and bottom surfaces. Apical is not a type of tissue, but rather a term used to describe the top surface of epithelial tissue.

Question 4

Secretions through a duct might provide ________,whereas ductless secretions act as ________.
A)lubrication; lubricators
B)enzymes; hormones
C)transport media; physical protectors
D)superficial relief; interstitial fluid
E)odors; nutrition for nursing babies

Accepted Answer

Secretions through a duct typically refer to enzyme secretion, which can provide lubrication or aid in digestion. Ductless secretions refer to hormones, which act as chemical messengers that regulate bodily functions. So, option B provides the most appropriate pairs of duct and ductless secretion.

Question 5

Examination of a tissue sample reveals groups of cells united by junctional complexes and interlocking membranes.The cells have one free surface and lack blood vessels.The tissue is most likely ________ tissue.
A)muscle
B)neural
C)epithelial
D)connective
E)adipose

Accepted Answer

The characteristics of the tissue described match those of epithelial tissue, which is a tightly-packed layer of cells that lines body surfaces and cavities, and has one free surface for interaction with the environment. Junctional complexes and interlocking membranes are characteristic features of epithelial tissue. Epithelial tissue also lacks blood vessels. Muscle tissue would have elongated, contractile cells arranged in bundles or layers, not united by junctions. Neural tissue would have elongated, interconnected cells for transmitting electrical signals, not united by junctions. Connective tissue would have widely-spaced cells with abundant extracellular matrix, not united by junctions. Adipose tissue would have cells with abundant fat droplets, not united by junctions.

Question 6

________ secrete hormones and prohormones in the interstitial fluid,which later enters blood.
A)Exocrine glands
B)Endocrine glands
C)Endocrine and exocrine glands
D)Epithelia
E)Connective tissue

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones and prohormones directly into the bloodstream, while exocrine glands secrete their products through ducts onto surfaces, such as the skin or digestive tract. Endocrine and exocrine glands may be found in some organs, but in this case, the question specifies that the gland secretes directly into the interstitial fluid, which signals an endocrine function. Epithelia and connective tissue may be involved in glandular structure but do not secrete hormones.

Question 7

Which type of tissue contracts to produce movements?
A)neural
B)muscle
C)connective
D)epithelial
E)glandular

Accepted Answer

Muscle tissue contracts to produce movements. Neural tissue consists of neurons and is responsible for communication and control. Connective tissue supports and connects different body parts. Epithelial tissue lines organs and forms glands. Glandular tissue produces and secretes hormones and other substances.

Question 8

Close examination of an organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells.The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells is open to the internal cavity of the organ.This tissue is probably
A)epithelium.
B)muscle tissue.
C)connective tissue.
D)neural tissue.
E)fat tissue.

Accepted Answer

The lining of several layers of cells without any blood vessels but with an open surface to the internal cavity of an organ is a characteristic of epithelial tissue.

Question 9

Which of the following cellular structures locks the terminal webs of neighboring cells to prevent cell distortion and leakage?
A)gap junctions
B)basal lamina
C)tight junctions
D)desmosomes
E)adhesion belt

Accepted Answer

Desmosomes are cellular structures that lock the terminal webs of neighboring cells to prevent cell distortion and leakage.

Question 10

Which type of tissue conducts electrical impulses?
A)neural
B)muscle
C)connective
D)epithelial
E)glandular

Accepted Answer

Neural tissue, specifically neurons, are responsible for conducting electrical impulses throughout the body. Muscle tissue also has the ability to conduct electrical impulses, but not to the same extent as neural tissue. Connective, epithelial, and glandular tissues do not have the capability to conduct electrical impulses.

Question 11

Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for
A)contraction.
B)conduction.
C)secretion.
D)circulation.
E)support.

Accepted Answer

Epithelial cells are specialized for secretion, which is indicated by their modified structures like microvilli, tight junctions, and glands. These modifications allow the epithelial cells to produce and transport secretions across membrane barriers.

Question 12

Functions of epithelia include all of the following except A)providing physical protection. B)controlling permeability. C)absorption. D)producing specialized secretions. E)supporting muscle cells.

Accepted Answer

Epithelia are not responsible for supporting muscle cells. Their functions include providing physical protection, controlling permeability, absorption, and producing specialized secretions.

Question 13

Characteristics of epithelia include all of the following except A)secretion. B)avascularity. C)regeneration. D)polarity. E)contraction.

Accepted Answer

Epithelia generally do not have the ability to contract, which is a characteristic more commonly associated with muscle tissue. The other options are all characteristics of epithelial tissue.

Question 14

Which type of tissue covers exposed surfaces of the body?
A)neural
B)muscle
C)connective
D)epithelial
E)supportive

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue covers exposed surfaces of the body, including skin, lining of the gut, respiratory tract, and other organs. Neural tissue consists of nerve cells and supports cells that transmit and process information, while muscle tissue is responsible for movement and includes skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle. Connective tissue supports and connects different parts of the body and includes bone, cartilage, blood, and adipose tissue. Supportive tissue is not a recognized category of tissue.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about simple epithelia is false? A)They afford little mechanical protection. B)They are characteristic of regions where secretion or absorption occurs. C)They line internal compartments and passageways. D)They cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress. E)They are avascular.

Accepted Answer

Simple epithelia do not cover surfaces subjected to mechanical or chemical stress. They are restricted to areas where secretion and absorption occur, such as the lining of the small intestine, kidney tubules, and air sacs of the lungs. Simple epithelia afford little mechanical protection and are avascular, meaning they lack blood vessels. They line internal compartments and passageways, but do not cover external surfaces.

Question 16

Cells that are specialized for secretion
A)are usually stratified.
B)have a small nucleus.
C)are usually squamous.
D)exhibit polarity.
E)are found only in the digestive system.

Accepted Answer

Cells that are specialized for secretion exhibit polarity, meaning they have distinct ends or regions with different functions. This allows them to efficiently move substances from one end to the other for secretion. This characteristic is especially important in cells that produce and secrete hormones or enzymes, such as glandular cells in the endocrine and digestive systems. Cells that are stratified or squamous are not indicative of cells specialized for secretion. The presence of a small nucleus is not necessarily a defining characteristic for cells specialized for secretion. Finally, cells specialized for secretion can be found in various organ systems, not just the digestive system.

Question 17

The epithelial cells that are flat,thin and have one layer are called
A)simple cuboidal.
B)simple squamous.
C)stratified cuboidal.
D)simple columnar.
E)stratified squamous.

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelial cells are flat and thin with a single layer.

Question 18

Which of the following structures would you use to get the best resolution when viewing a sample?
A)compound light microscope
B)transmission electron microscope
C)human eye
D)simple light microscope
E)scanning electron microscope

Accepted Answer

The transmission electron microscope has the best resolution among the given options. It uses a beam of electrons to view the sample, which can provide a resolution of up to 0.1 nanometers, allowing for a detailed view of the sample's internal structures.

Question 19

Epithelia specialized for providing sensations of smell,taste,sight,equilibrium,and hearing are known as
A)neuroepithelia.
B)psychoepithelia.
C)neuropsychoepithelia.
D)multilaminar epithelia.
E)protective epithelia.

Accepted Answer

The term "neuroepithelia" refers to epithelial tissues that are specialized for providing sensations of smell, taste, sight, equilibrium, and hearing. These tissues contain specialized cells that are capable of detecting specific stimuli (such as chemicals, light, or sound waves) and transmitting signals to the nervous system, which then processes and interprets the information. Examples of neuroepithelial tissues include the olfactory epithelium in the nasal cavity, the taste buds on the tongue, the retina in the eye, and the hair cells in the inner ear.

Question 20

Motile cilia cover the free surface of
A)the gastrointestinal tract.
B)the urinary tract.
C)the respiratory tract.
D)the cardiovascular system.
E)all hollow organs.

Accepted Answer

Motile cilia cover the free surface of the respiratory tract, helping to move mucus and trapped particles out of the lungs.

Quiz 4: Tissue Level of Organization

Epithelial cells lining the internal passageways of the genitourinary tract usually have ________ at their free surface.

Which type of tissue fills internal spaces of the body?

The tissue that always has a "top" and a "bottom" is ________ tissue.

Secretions through a duct might provide ,whereas ductless secretions act as .

Examination of a tissue sample reveals groups of cells united by junctional complexes and interlocking membranes.The cells have one free surface and lack blood vessels.The tissue is most likely ________ tissue.

________ secrete hormones and prohormones in the interstitial fluid,which later enters blood.

Which type of tissue contracts to produce movements?

Close examination of an organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells.The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells is open to the internal cavity of the organ.This tissue is probably

Which of the following cellular structures locks the terminal webs of neighboring cells to prevent cell distortion and leakage?

Which type of tissue conducts electrical impulses?

Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for

Functions of epithelia include all of the following except

Characteristics of epithelia include all of the following except

Which type of tissue covers exposed surfaces of the body?

Which of the following statements about simple epithelia is false?

Cells that are specialized for secretion

The epithelial cells that are flat,thin and have one layer are called

Which of the following structures would you use to get the best resolution when viewing a sample?

Epithelia specialized for providing sensations of smell,taste,sight,equilibrium,and hearing are known as

Motile cilia cover the free surface of