Question 1

Which of the following marks the biological beginning of adulthood according to psychologists?
A)the loss of virginity
B)turning 18
C)puberty
D)The start of adulthood is usually defined by sociocultural norms and does not have a biological marker.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following marks the biological...

Question 2

The cessation of menstruation is called ___________.
A)menopause
B)endometriosis
C)menarche
D)the climacteric

Accepted Answer

Menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation and is a normal part of aging for women. Endometriosis is a condition where the tissue that lines the uterus grows outside of it, leading to pain and potentially fertility issues. Menarche is the onset of menstruation, typically occurring in girls around age 12. The climacteric refers to the period of transition leading up to menopause, including hormonal changes and other symptoms.

Question 3

As people move into old age,the speed of cognitive processing
A)slows down.
B)increases,but only for those who take vitamins.
C)declines along with crystallized intelligence.
D)does not change at all.

Accepted Answer

As people age, the speed of cognitive processing tends to slow down. This is a common phenomenon that occurs in most individuals as their cognitive abilities decline with age. Some studies have suggested that regular physical exercise and cognitive stimulation may help to mitigate this decline, but overall, the trend is towards slower processing speeds in older adults. There is no evidence to suggest that taking vitamins can increase processing speed, and crystallized intelligence may decline with age but is not directly related to processing speed.

Question 4

Which of the following is true of dementia?
A)Dementia is a specific disease.
B)Dementia is almost always caused by Alzheimer's disease.
C)Dementia is a normal part of aging.
D)Dementia is a set of symptoms that often result from neurodegenerative disorders.

Accepted Answer

Dementia is not a specific disease, but rather a set of symptoms that can be caused by a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. Alzheimer's disease is one common cause of dementia, but other causes include Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and vascular dementia. Dementia is not a normal part of aging.

Question 5

Dr.Allen wants to conduct research comparing 3-,6-,and 9-year-olds that will be completed in the next twelve months.Which type of research design should Dr.Allen use?
A)a longitudinal design
B)a correlational design
C)a within-subjects design
D)a cross-sectional design

Accepted Answer

A cross-sectional design would be the best choice as it allows for the comparison of different age groups at one point in time, which is useful for studying developmental differences. A longitudinal design would take more than a year to complete, while a correlational design and a within-subjects design are not appropriate for comparing different age groups.

Question 6

Your partner says he is hurt that you forgot your anniversary,and you reply,"Well,you forgot it last year!" Which one of the "four horseman of the relationship apocalypse" are you displaying?"
A)criticism
B)contempt
C)defensiveness
D)stonewalling

Accepted Answer

The response given is an example of defensiveness, which is one of the four horsemen of the relationship apocalypse identified by John Gottman. Instead of acknowledging and taking responsibility for forgetting the anniversary, the person responds by deflecting blame onto their partner. This kind of defensiveness can escalate conflicts and make the other person feel unheard or unacknowledged.

Question 7

In general,as older adults age,
A)all cognitive abilities decline.
B)no cognitive abilities decline in healthy adults.
C)some cognitive abilities decline,while others are relatively stable.
D)many cognitive abilities actually improve.

Accepted Answer

While some cognitive abilities decline with age, such as processing speed and working memory, others remain relatively stable, such as vocabulary and general knowledge. It is rare for cognitive abilities to improve with age.

Question 8

One's accumulated knowledge gained over time is called _______________.
A)crystallized intelligence
B)fluid intelligence
C)emotional intelligence
D)formal intelligence

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence refers to the knowledge and skills that a person has accumulated over time through education and experience. This knowledge is typically stable and well-established, allowing individuals to draw on it to solve problems and complete tasks. Fluid intelligence, on the other hand, refers to an individual's ability to reason, problem-solve, and learn new information in novel situations. Emotional intelligence refers to the ability to recognize, understand, and manage one's own emotions, as well as the emotions of others. Formal intelligence is not a recognized term in psychology.

Question 9

Suzy has just learned how to sound out each written letter in the alphabet.Her teacher,Mrs.Etherington,wants to use scaffolded learning.What would be a good 'next step' to teach Suzy to read?
A)teaching Suzy how to print the letters she can now sound out
B)teaching Suzy how to sound out simple words such as 'cat' and 'bat'
C)teaching Suzy the difference between consonants and vowels
D)teaching Suzy how to read a consonant and a letter put together such as 'ba' or 'da'

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suzy has just learned how to sound...

Question 10

The best way to reduce the impact of cohort effects is to use which type of research design?
A)a longitudinal design
B)a cross-sectional design
C)a between-subjects design
D)a correlational design

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal designs follow the same group of individuals over time, allowing researchers to track changes in behavior or attitudes and control for cohort effects. This design helps to minimize the impact of extraneous variables that may affect different age groups differently. Cross-sectional designs, on the other hand, collect data from different age groups at the same time point, which may be confounded by cohort effects. Between-subjects and correlational designs do not specifically address cohort effects.

Question 11

In healthy adults,__________ memory tends to remain stable,while ___________ memory declines with age.
A)semantic;working
B)procedural;semantic
C)episodic;working
D)episodic;procedural.

Accepted Answer

Semantic memory, which involves facts and general knowledge, tends to remain stable in healthy adults, while working memory, which involves the ability to hold and manipulate information over short periods, declines with age.

Question 12

Compared to younger people,healthy older adults in North America are more likely to
A)suffer from depression.
B)be physically active.
C)be optimistic.
D)be pessimistic.

Accepted Answer

Healthy older adults in North America tend to be more optimistic due to life experience and emotional regulation skills developed over time.

Question 13

Which of the following memories is an older adult most likely to have difficulty remembering?
A)how to type on a keyboard without looking
B)the name of the telephone's inventor
C)how to change the oil on a car
D)the specific events that occurred last Thanksgiving

Accepted Answer

Older adults are more likely to have difficulty with recent memories, such as specific events that occurred in recent times. They may have long-term memory, like how to change the oil on a car or even who invented the telephone, but recent memories may be more challenging.

Question 14

Compared to unmarried people,people who are married
A)are likely to have better mental health,but worse physical health.
B)are likely to have better physical health,but worse mental health.
C)are likely to have better mental and physical health.
D)have similar mental and physical health.

Accepted Answer

Studies have consistently shown that people who are married tend to have better mental and physical health than unmarried people. Married individuals have been shown to have lower rates of depression and anxiety, higher overall life satisfaction, and decreased risk of developing chronic health conditions such as heart disease and stroke. This is thought to be due to the social support and companionship that comes with marriage, as well as the accountability and motivation to maintain a healthy lifestyle alongside a partner. Therefore, the best choice is C: married people are likely to have better mental and physical health compared to unmarried individuals.

Question 15

You don't like a supper your partner has prepared,but you decide to thank your partner for preparing it rather than stating your opinion.Which of the "four horsemen of the relationship apocalypse" have you just avoided?
A)criticism
B)contempt
C)defensiveness
D)stonewalling

Accepted Answer

By avoiding stating your negative opinion about the supper, you have avoided the horseman of criticism.

Question 16

__________ adulthood is a period during a person's early 20s in which they still depend on their parents for financial and emotional support.
A)Early
B)Emerging
C)Transitional
D)Adolescent

Accepted Answer

Emerging adulthood is a term coined by psychologist Jeffrey Arnett to describe a period between adolescence and adulthood, typically occurring from the ages of 18 to 25. During this time, individuals may still be financially and emotionally dependent on their parents while they navigate the challenges of becoming an independent adult.

Question 17

Emotional well-being tends to ___________ as adults age.
A)decrease slightly
B)increase
C)decrease precipitously
D)remain fairly constant

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that emotional well-being tends to increase as adults age, with older adults reporting generally higher levels of life satisfaction and lower levels of stress compared to younger adults. This may be due to a number of factors, including greater life experience and wisdom, fewer major life stressors, and a shift in priorities towards meaningful relationships and activities.

Question 18

Which of the following is true regarding same-sex sexual behaviour during adolescence?
A)Females are more likely than males to describe adolescent same-sex experiences as just "experimentation."
B)Sexual and emotional interest in members of the same sex generally appears during early childhood.
C)A large percentage of adolescents who identify themselves as heterosexual have had at least one sexual experience with a same-sex person.
D)The number of sexual experiences during adolescence with members of the same sex are probably over reported.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true regarding...

Question 19

According to your textbook,which of the following is true regarding adolescents and Internet use?
A)While earlier studies indicated that Internet use was associated with becoming less socially connected,recent studies indicate it might be associated with feeling more socially connected.
B)While earlier studies indicated that Internet use was associated with becoming more socially connected,recent studies indicate it might be associated with feeling less socially connected.
C)Studies indicate that social connectedness is associated with cyberbullying.
D)The majority of adolescents meet the criteria for pathological Internet use.

Accepted Answer

According to the textbook, earlier studies suggested that Internet use was associated with becoming less socially connected, but recent studies indicate that it might be associated with feeling more socially connected. This is due to the fact that the Internet provides adolescents with opportunities to connect with others who share their interests and values, and allows them to maintain relationships with friends who live far away.

Question 20

A theory discussed in your textbook states that the deterioration of cognitive abilities associated with Alzheimer's disease is caused by
A)the depletion of dopamine in the prefrontal cortex.
B)the buildup of proteins inside and outside of neurons that disrupt normal functioning.
C)the creation of inappropriate synaptic connections between neurons.
D)the inactivation of glutamate receptors.

Accepted Answer

The buildup of proteins both inside and outside of neurons disrupts normal functioning, leading to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. This includes the accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques outside of neurons and tau tangles inside neurons.

Quiz 10: B: Lifespan Development

Which of the following marks the biological beginning of adulthood according to psychologists?

The cessation of menstruation is called ___________.

As people move into old age,the speed of cognitive processing

Which of the following is true of dementia?

Dr.Allen wants to conduct research comparing 3-,6-,and 9-year-olds that will be completed in the next twelve months.Which type of research design should Dr.Allen use?

Your partner says he is hurt that you forgot your anniversary,and you reply,"Well,you forgot it last year!" Which one of the "four horseman of the relationship apocalypse" are you displaying?"

In general,as older adults age,

One's accumulated knowledge gained over time is called _______________.

Suzy has just learned how to sound out each written letter in the alphabet.Her teacher,Mrs.Etherington,wants to use scaffolded learning.What would be a good 'next step' to teach Suzy to read?

The best way to reduce the impact of cohort effects is to use which type of research design?

In healthy adults, memory tends to remain stable,while _ memory declines with age.

Compared to younger people,healthy older adults in North America are more likely to

Which of the following memories is an older adult most likely to have difficulty remembering?

Compared to unmarried people,people who are married

You don't like a supper your partner has prepared,but you decide to thank your partner for preparing it rather than stating your opinion.Which of the "four horsemen of the relationship apocalypse" have you just avoided?

__________ adulthood is a period during a person's early 20s in which they still depend on their parents for financial and emotional support.

Emotional well-being tends to ___________ as adults age.

Which of the following is true regarding same-sex sexual behaviour during adolescence?

According to your textbook,which of the following is true regarding adolescents and Internet use?

A theory discussed in your textbook states that the deterioration of cognitive abilities associated with Alzheimer's disease is caused by