Question 1

Along with below average intelligence, an individual's __________ is considered to determine whether that individual has an intellectual disability.
A) adaptive behavior
B) divergent thinking
C) emotional health
D) physical development

Accepted Answer

Adaptive behavior, also known as practical intelligence, refers to a person's ability to carry out everyday tasks and activities, such as communication, self-care, and social skills. This is a crucial factor in determining whether someone has an intellectual disability, along with an assessment of their cognitive abilities. Divergent thinking, emotional health, and physical development may be related factors but are not the primary determinants of intellectual disability.

Question 2

What advice would you give to teachers trying to encourage creativity in their students?
A) Encourage children to accept conventional wisdom.
B) Praise children for correct answers, not for working hard.
C) Realize that only a few children have the potential for creative thinking and don't expect to be able to develop the creativity of the other children.
D) Encourage children to take risks and not worry about novel and unusual answers being silly.

Accepted Answer

Encouraging children to take risks and not worry about novel and unusual answers being silly is a key component in fostering creativity. This allows them to think freely and come up with unique solutions that may not have been considered before.

Question 3

Research suggests than compared to non-gifted children, gifted children
A) tend to be more mature.
B) have more emotional problems.
C) follow a different sequence of cognitive development.
D) have considerably more difficulty getting along with their peers.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that gifted children tend to be more mature than their non-gifted peers. They often display advanced levels of emotional, social, and cognitive development.

Answer: B 
 While gifted children often excel academically, they can also experience emotional and social challenges. Some may struggle with perfectionism, anxiety, depression, or feel disconnected from their peers.

Answer: C 
 Gifted children may follow a different sequence of cognitive development with a more rapid rate of learning and an early development of high-level thinking skills. These differences may impact their academic, social, and emotional experiences.

Answer: D 
 While some gifted children may struggle with social skills, this is not universally true. Many can successfully navigate social relationships and form deep connections with their peers.

Question 4

When children of comparable socioeconomic status are compared, group ethnic differences in IQ test scores are reduced. Which of the following does not explains this result?
A) Some ethnic groups have more "smart genes" than others.
B) IQ test items reflect the cultural heritage of the test creator, most of whom are economically advantaged.
C) When people know that they belong to a group that is said to lack skill in a domain, this makes them anxious when performing in that domain for fear of confirming the stereotype, and they often do poorly as a result.
D) When people are wary of questions posed by unfamiliar adults, many economically disadvantaged children often answer test questions by saying, "I don't know."

Accepted Answer

The idea that some ethnic groups have more "smart genes" than others is not a valid explanation for the reduced ethnic differences in IQ test scores among children of comparable socioeconomic status. This concept has been widely discredited by scientific research and is considered a racist and unfounded claim.

Question 5

Which of the following statements BEST describes the relation between ethnicity and IQ?
A) African American children tend to have higher IQ scores than European American children.
B) When African American and economically disadvantaged children feel more at ease with the examiner, their test scores improve considerably.
C) When children of comparable social class are compared, the ethnic differences in IQ disappear.
D) When culture-fair intelligence tests are used, ethnic differences in IQ scores disappear.

Accepted Answer

When African American and economically disadvantaged children feel more at ease with the examiner, their test scores improve considerably, indicating that environmental factors can influence test performance.

Question 6

__________ include test items based on experiences common to many cultures.
A) Traditional intelligence tests
B) Culture-fair intelligence tests
C) Reliable tests
D) Habituation measures

Accepted Answer

Culture-fair intelligence tests are designed to eliminate cultural biases and include test items based on experiences that are common to many cultures. This ensures that individuals from different cultural backgrounds have an equal opportunity to perform well on the test.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT typically a prerequisite for a child to develop exceptional talent in music?
A) early instruction from a talented teacher
B) parents who are committed to developing their child's musical talent
C) the child having a love for music
D) an IQ score of 130 or higher

Accepted Answer

An IQ score of 130 or higher is not typically a prerequisite for a child to develop exceptional talent in music. While intelligence can certainly help with the learning and memorization of music, passion, practice, and guidance from skilled teachers and supportive parents are typically the most important factors in developing musical talent.

Question 8

Tests such as Raven's Progressive Matrices are designed
A) to be culture-fair.
B) for European American children.
C) for African American children.
D) for lower class children.

Accepted Answer

Tests such as Raven's Progressive Matrices are designed to be culture-fair, meaning that they do not rely on culturally specific knowledge or experiences that could disadvantage individuals from different cultural backgrounds. Therefore, choices B, C, and D, which suggest that the test is specifically designed for certain groups, are incorrect.

Question 9

When a culture-fair intelligence test, such as Raven's Progressive Matrices, is used,
A) ethnic group differences disappear.
B) ethnic group differences increase.
C) ethnic group differences are reduced, but not eliminated.
D) ethnic group differences remain the same.

Accepted Answer

While culture-fair intelligence tests are designed to reduce the impact of cultural background on test performance, they do not completely eliminate ethnic group differences. However, by minimizing the influence of specific cultural knowledge and language skills, such tests may reduce the magnitude of these differences. Therefore, choice C is the most appropriate option.

Question 10

Ten-year-old Brent has an IQ of 65 and problems performing the daily living skills needed in his environment. Brent has characteristics of
A) a learning disability.
B) an intellectual disability.
C) giftedness.
D) creativity.

Accepted Answer

An IQ of 65 places Brent within the range of intellectual disability. Also, his problems performing daily living skills further support this diagnosis. A learning disability involves difficulties in specific academic areas, and giftedness or creativity would not be indicated by a low IQ and problems with daily functioning.

Question 11

Thinking that goes off in many directions to arrive at an answer in cases in which no one answer is necessarily correct is termed
A) intelligent.
B) intellectual disability.
C) convergent thinking.
D) divergent thinking.

Accepted Answer

Divergent thinking is a type of thinking that generates multiple ideas or solutions to a problem. This type of thinking encourages creativity and can be useful in situations where there are many possible correct answers or solutions. Convergent thinking, on the other hand, is the process of narrowing down multiple ideas or solutions to find the single best answer. Therefore, it is not the best choice for this question. Intelligence and intellectual disability are not relevant to the question.

Question 12

Environments which encourage __________ are not likely to produce many creative children.
A) conventional thinking
B) taking risks
C) working hard
D) flexibility in thinking

Accepted Answer

Environments that encourage conventional thinking are likely to have strict rules and expectations. This could limit a child's ability to think outside of the box and come up with unique and innovative ideas, leading to less creativity.

Question 13

Creativity is associated with
A) a high IQ score.
B) a low IQ score.
C) convergent thinking.
D) divergent thinking.

Accepted Answer

Creativity is most closely associated with divergent thinking, which involves generating multiple solutions or ideas to a problem. It is not necessarily correlated with a high or low IQ score, and convergent thinking, which involves coming up with a single, correct solution to a problem, is not typically associated with increased creativity.

Question 14

Which of the following is a culture-fair intelligence test?
A) the Bayley Scales
B) the Wechsler Scales
C) the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children
D) Raven's Progressive Matrices

Accepted Answer

Raven's Progressive Matrices is a culture-fair intelligence test as it does not require knowledge of language or cultural norms to complete the test. The other options listed (Bayley Scales, Wechsler Scales, Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children) are all standardized intelligence tests that are rooted in Western culture and may disadvantage individuals from different cultural backgrounds.

Question 15

Which of the following questions requires the use of divergent thinking?
A) How many states are there in the United States of America?
B) How many different ways can you think of to use a rubber band?
C) Who is the current president of the United States?
D) Who was the first man to walk on the moon?

Accepted Answer

Divergent thinking refers to the ability to generate multiple and creative ideas or solutions to a problem. Question B requires the use of divergent thinking as it asks for different ways to use a rubber band, which would require one to brainstorm and come up with various ideas. The other options in the questions can be answered with convergent thinking, which involves finding a single correct answer.

Question 16

To be considered intellectually gifted, an individual must receive an IQ score of __________ or greater on an intelligence test.
A) 70
B) 100
C) 130
D) 160

Accepted Answer

An IQ score of 130 or greater is generally considered to be in the gifted range, which represents the top 2% of the population in terms of cognitive ability. IQ scores range from 1 to 200, with 100 being the average score. Therefore, choices A and B are too low, and choice D is too high.

Question 17

Modern definitions of giftedness differ from the traditional definition of giftedness in that modern definitions of giftedness
A) are based solely on IQ scores.
B) are based on convergent thinking ability.
C) are narrower.
D) include exceptional talent in areas such as art, music, creative writing, and dance.

Accepted Answer

Modern definitions of giftedness include exceptional talent in areas such as art, music, creative writing, and dance, which is not present in the traditional definition of giftedness. Modern definitions are broader and recognize that giftedness can manifest in a variety of ways, not just through high IQ scores or convergent thinking ability.

Question 18

Holly has normal intelligence, but is having much difficulty learning to read. She does not have any vision or hearing problems that might explain her difficulty. Holly has characteristics of
A) an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
B) a learning disability.
C) giftedness.
D) an intellectual disability.

Accepted Answer

Holly's difficulty in learning to read despite having normal intelligence and no sensory deficits suggests the presence of a learning disability. Learning disabilities refer to specific difficulties with acquiring and using certain academic skills, such as reading, writing, or math, that are not due to intellectual, sensory, or environmental factors. ADHD and giftedness are not the most likely explanations for Holly's difficulties, and an intellectual disability would be characterized by general cognitive deficits rather than specific difficulties with reading.

Question 19

Nick has an IQ of 150. Nick would be considered
A) gifted.
B) learning disabled.
C) to be of average intelligence.
D) mentally retarded.

Accepted Answer

An IQ of 150 is well above the average IQ score of 100, and falls within the range for the gifted population. Therefore, Nick would be considered gifted.

Question 20

Gifted children
A) often are emotionally troubled.
B) need teachers who know how to foster their talent.
C) develop in a sequence that is different from non-gifted children's.
D) are less mature than their peers.

Accepted Answer

Gifted children have special needs, including being challenged with strong academics, and can benefit from teachers who understand how to foster their unique skills and support their emotional well-being. This can help avoid issues such as underachievement or boredom in the classroom. While some gifted children may face emotional challenges, this is not an inherent trait of being gifted. Gifted children may also develop differently from their peers, but it is not necessarily a fixed sequence and can vary from child to child. Maturity levels can also vary among all children, regardless of giftedness.

Quiz 8: Intelligence and Individual Differences in Cognition

Along with below average intelligence, an individual's __________ is considered to determine whether that individual has an intellectual disability.

What advice would you give to teachers trying to encourage creativity in their students?

Research suggests than compared to non-gifted children, gifted children

When children of comparable socioeconomic status are compared, group ethnic differences in IQ test scores are reduced. Which of the following does not explains this result?

Which of the following statements BEST describes the relation between ethnicity and IQ?

__________ include test items based on experiences common to many cultures.

Which of the following is NOT typically a prerequisite for a child to develop exceptional talent in music?

Tests such as Raven's Progressive Matrices are designed

When a culture-fair intelligence test, such as Raven's Progressive Matrices, is used,

Ten-year-old Brent has an IQ of 65 and problems performing the daily living skills needed in his environment. Brent has characteristics of

Thinking that goes off in many directions to arrive at an answer in cases in which no one answer is necessarily correct is termed

Environments which encourage __________ are not likely to produce many creative children.

Creativity is associated with

Which of the following is a culture-fair intelligence test?

Which of the following questions requires the use of divergent thinking?

To be considered intellectually gifted, an individual must receive an IQ score of __________ or greater on an intelligence test.

Modern definitions of giftedness differ from the traditional definition of giftedness in that modern definitions of giftedness

Holly has normal intelligence, but is having much difficulty learning to read. She does not have any vision or hearing problems that might explain her difficulty. Holly has characteristics of

Nick has an IQ of 150. Nick would be considered

Gifted children