Question 1

Discuss the arguments of continuity vs. discontinuity of grammatical development.

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Question 2

Describe the research on how children develop comprehension of structured speech.

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Question 3

Select one theory of language development that you feel describes how children develop language. Describe that theory and discuss why you feel it describes how language is acquired.

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Question 4

Principles and parameters theory suggests:

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Principles and parameters theory posits that all languages share a universal grammar with a set of parameters that can be adjusted, leading to the differences observed among languages.

Question 5

The social/cognitive position on language development claims:

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The social/cognitive position emphasizes that language development is primarily driven by social interaction with other speakers. Children learn through their interactions with parents, siblings, and other caregivers, who provide feedback, correction, and reinforcement. This position suggests that imitation and reinforcement alone are insufficient to explain the complexity and diversity of language acquisition. It also rejects the idea of a universal grammar, as language development is seen as more dependent on social experience than innate structures. Semantic bootstrapping is not a main focus of this approach.

Question 6

Describe the features of adult's knowledge of language structure and discuss application the perspectives on descriptive versus prescriptive rules.

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Question 7

The innate grammar position on language development suggests that:

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Question 8

The connectionist theory suggests that language development is the outcome of:

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Connectionist theories, also known as neural network models or parallel distributed processing models, propose that cognitive processes, including language development, arise from the interactions of a large number of simple processing units (neurons) within a network. These units are interconnected and communicate with each other through pathways that have varying strengths. As a child is exposed to language, these connections are strengthened or weakened through a process of learning that involves adjusting the weights of the connections based on experience. This process leads to the emergence of language abilities as the network becomes better at processing and producing language through its exposure to linguistic input. The theory emphasizes the importance of the environment and experience in shaping the neural network that supports language development.

Question 9

Describe the meaning of semantic bootstrapping, compare and contrast literature on the significance of it in child language development.

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Question 10

Describe the stages of grammatical development in early multiword utterances.

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Question 11

Behaviorists' accounts of language development claim that:

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Behaviorists believe that children acquire language through reinforcement and conditioning. They imitate what they hear and are rewarded when they produce correct language forms. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

The other choices are not consistent with the behaviorist perspective. Choice A is more in line with a cognitive view, where children learn language through developing rules based on their input. Choice C is associated with the innate language acquisition device proposed by Chomsky, which is not supported by behaviorists. Choice D is important for social interactionist theories of language development, but not central to a behaviorist perspective.

Question 12

Review the text discussion of the role of language experience and discuss the meaning of the phonological bootstrapping hypothesis.

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Question 13

In arguing against the behaviorist view of language development, Chomsky (1957):

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Question 14

Compare the development of grammatical morphemes to that of sentence forms, including complex sentence forms.

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Question 15

The issue of explaining the acquisition of grammar often evolves around the concepts of "nature or nurture." Compare the various arguments for and against these concepts. Make sure to discuss language induction.

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Question 16

Describe the research on how children's experience with language influences development of grammatical knowledge.

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Quiz 6: The Development of Syntax and Morphology: Learning the Structure of Language