Question 1

One day after school,Alfonso got his hair cut into a Mohawk and dyed purple.This decision represents which domain of social judgment?
A)personal moral codes
B)social conventions
C)personal domain
D)immanent justice

Accepted Answer

The personal domain pertains to choices concerning one's body (e.g. ,what to eat or wear)and choices of friends or activities.

Question 2

Studies of promoting moral reasoning have found that
A)simply being exposed to more advanced moral reasoning does not promote developmental change.
B)seeing the inadequacies of one's moral reasoning does not lead one to abandon that reasoning.
C)discussions with people with more advanced moral reasoning promote higher level reasoning.
D)moral reasoning cannot be promoted.

Accepted Answer

Moral reasoning can be promoted through discussion with,but not through mere exposure to,people with higher levels of moral reasoning.

Question 3

According to research,how does the moral reasoning of males and females compare?
A)Males think about moral issues in terms of justice,while females think about moral issues in terms of caring for others.
B)Males emphasize interpersonal relations when using moral reasoning,whereas females are more likely to consider justice.
C)Male moral reasoning tends to be more advanced than female moral reasoning.
D)Males and females do not differ markedly in the bases of their moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

Despite the assertion of Gilligan that women use an ethics of care rather than justice,research has not found marked differences between men and women's moral reasoning.

Question 4

Which child would be most likely to engage in prosocial behavior?
A)a child with high levels of perspective-taking
B)a child who uses rewards and punishments as the basis for moral judgments
C)a child who has low levels of empathy
D)a child with high levels of egocentrism

Accepted Answer

High levels of perspective taking are linked to higher levels of prosocial behavior.

Question 5

Based on the work of Turiel (1998)and Smetana (2006),moral judgments
A)represent one of the several important domains in which individuals make social judgments.
B)are based solely on issues of justice
C)are based solely on issues of caring and responsibility.
D)reflect an understanding of instrumental and relational aggression.

Accepted Answer

Turiel (1997,1998)believes that moral judgments (whether based on justice or care)represent one of the several domains in which individuals make social judgments.

Question 6

The ability to experience the feelings of another person is called
A)role-taking.
B)egocentrism.
C)altruism.
D)empathy.

Accepted Answer

The ability to experience another person's emotions is empathy.

Question 7

When Dana heard about an impoverished family not having money to buy food,she decided to donate her allowance to the family,even though she would not get anything in return.Dana's behavior is best described as
A)cooperative behavior.
B)antisocial behavior.
C)altruism.
D)empathy.

Accepted Answer

It is most accurately described as altruism - a prosocial behavior that helps another with no direct benefit to the individual.

Question 8

Simple acts of altruism can be seen as early as __________ of age.
A)18 months
B)3 years
C)6 years
D)10 years

Accepted Answer

Altruism in its simple form develops as early as 18 months.

Question 9

Preschoolers
A)are incapable of altruistic behavior.
B)show limited altruistic behavior because they don't always know what they can do to help others.
C)show limited altruistic behavior because even though they usually know what they could do to help,they do not usually want to help other people.
D)typically show adult-like levels of altruistic behavior.

Accepted Answer

Preschoolers may want to help,but their altruistic behavior is usually limited by their lack of knowledge of how to help.

Question 10

Which of the following adolescents is NOT LIKELY to develop a mature form of moral reasoning?
A)David,who spends a lot of time with his older brother who consistently demonstrates high levels of moral reasoning.
B)Katherine,who spends a lot of time discussing moral issues with her dad.He spends a lot of time trying to paraphrase what Katherine says as they talk.
C)Elton,who has been actively involved in his church youth group since he was a young child.
D)Jethro,whose friends consistently emphasize fear of punishment as the underlying principle to moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

When people reason about moral issues with others whose reasoning is at a higher level,the usual result is that individuals reasoning at lower levels improve.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about prosocial lying is correct?
A)Chinese school children believe that polite lying is acceptable when it helps the group,but hurts an individual.The reverse is true in the United States.
B)Chinese school children believe that polite lying is acceptable when it helps an individual,but hurts the group.The reverse is true in the United States
C).In both the Unites States and China,polite lying is acceptable when it helps the group and,in the process,hurts an individual.
D)In both the Unites States and China,polite lying is acceptable when it helps an individual,and in the process hurts the group.

Accepted Answer

Chinese school children believe that polite lying is acceptable when it helps the group,but hurts an individual.The reverse is true in the United States.

Question 12

When Beth watched a movie in which a baby elephant's mother died,she cried because she could feel the baby elephant's loneliness and sorrow.Beth displayed
A)prosocial behavior.
B)altruism.
C)self control.
D)empathy.

Accepted Answer

Being able to feel another's emotions is called empathy.

Question 13

Which of the following statements is NOT CORRECT regarding the domains of social justice across culture?
A)Young children in many countries worldwide share the view that decisions in the personal domain should be left to the individual and that adults should not interfere.
B)Children and adolescents in many different Western and non-Western countries reason similarly within each social domain.
C)Helping others is seen as a basic moral rule for many Western children whereas it is seen as a social convention for most non-Western children.
D)Lying is acceptable for most Chinese children when it helps the group,but hurts an individual;however the reverse is true for most American children.

Accepted Answer

Hindu children and adolescents see helping others as a basic moral tenet.For many Westerners,helping others is seen as a social convention - people should help others because it's good for the group - but not as a moral rule.

Question 14

At what point do children begin to understand that breaking a moral rule is more serious than breaking a social convention?
A)during preschool
B)during early elementary school
C)during late elementary school
D)during adolescence

Accepted Answer

During the preschool years,children begin to differentiate social domains.They believe that breaking a moral rule is more serious and should be punished more severely than breaking a social convention.

Question 15

Actions that help others with no direct benefit to the individual are known as
A)empathy.
B)antisocial.
C)role-taking.
D)altruism.

Accepted Answer

Altruism is prosocial behavior that helps another with no direct benefit to the individual.

Question 16

When Julianne saw her mother scurrying to get everything ready for dinner,she said,"Mom,you have so many things to do,what can I do to help?" Julianne's ability to see that her mother's task was burdensome is best described as an example of
A)prosocial behavior.
B)perspective-taking.
C)empathy.
D)moral reasoning.

Accepted Answer

Being able to understand the thoughts and feelings of another is an example of perspective taking,so when Julianne is able to see the mother's task as burdensome,she was demonstrating this.Prosocial behavior describes her asking what she can do to help.Empathy would be involved if Julie felt what her mother was feeling (experiencing her emotions).

Question 17

Actions that benefit others are called __________ behaviors.
A)hedonistic
B)perspective-taking
C)empathic
D)prosocial

Accepted Answer

Actions that benefit others are known as prosocial behaviors.

Question 18

__________ are arbitrary standards of behavior agreed to by a cultural group to facilitate interactions within the group.
A)Personal moral codes
B)Social conventions
C)Stages of moral reasoning
D)Immanent justices

Accepted Answer

Social conventions are arbitrary standards of behavior agreed to by a cultural group to facilitate interactions with the group.

Question 19

How can parents BEST help their children develop higher forms of moral reasoning?
A)through discussion and modeling
B)by discouraging disagreement with the parents on moral issues
C)through physical punishment
D)by discouraging involvement in a religious community

Accepted Answer

Discussion and modeling are the best methods of developing higher forms of moral reasoning.

Question 20

While at the dinner table,Patrick knows that it is okay to eat his roll with his fingers,but not his mashed potatoes.Patrick's behavior reflects his understanding of
A)social conventions.
B)personal domain.
C)reactive aggression.
D)monitoring.

Accepted Answer

Social conventions are arbitrary standards of behavior agreed to by a cultural group to facilitate interactions with the group.

Quiz 12: Moral Understanding and Behavior

One day after school,Alfonso got his hair cut into a Mohawk and dyed purple.This decision represents which domain of social judgment?

Studies of promoting moral reasoning have found that

According to research,how does the moral reasoning of males and females compare?

Which child would be most likely to engage in prosocial behavior?

Based on the work of Turiel (1998) and Smetana (2006) ,moral judgments

The ability to experience the feelings of another person is called

When Dana heard about an impoverished family not having money to buy food,she decided to donate her allowance to the family,even though she would not get anything in return.Dana's behavior is best described as

Simple acts of altruism can be seen as early as __________ of age.

Preschoolers

Which of the following adolescents is NOT LIKELY to develop a mature form of moral reasoning?

Which of the following statements about prosocial lying is correct?

When Beth watched a movie in which a baby elephant's mother died,she cried because she could feel the baby elephant's loneliness and sorrow.Beth displayed

Which of the following statements is NOT CORRECT regarding the domains of social justice across culture?

At what point do children begin to understand that breaking a moral rule is more serious than breaking a social convention?

Actions that help others with no direct benefit to the individual are known as

When Julianne saw her mother scurrying to get everything ready for dinner,she said,"Mom,you have so many things to do,what can I do to help?" Julianne's ability to see that her mother's task was burdensome is best described as an example of

Actions that benefit others are called __________ behaviors.

__________ are arbitrary standards of behavior agreed to by a cultural group to facilitate interactions within the group.

How can parents BEST help their children develop higher forms of moral reasoning?

While at the dinner table,Patrick knows that it is okay to eat his roll with his fingers,but not his mashed potatoes.Patrick's behavior reflects his understanding of