A theorist who believes that learning is a cognitive event would say that you flinch when a light comes on because you anticipate that a shock will follow.

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A theorist who views learning as a cognitive event would argue that the flinching is due to the anticipation of a shock, indicating that learning involves understanding, predicting, and making connections between events, rather than just a simple stimulus-response mechanism.

A Theorist Who Believes That Learning Is a Cognitive Event