Question 1

High school students taking the SAT on the east coast are read the exact same instructions and given the exact same amount of time to complete the SAT as students on the west coast.This feature of administering the same test in the same manner at different locations is known as
A) standardization.
B) verification.
C) syndication.
D) translocution.

Accepted Answer

Standardization refers to the process of administering a test in a consistent and uniform manner across different locations, which ensures that all test-takers are evaluated based on the same criteria. This is important in maintaining the validity and reliability of the test results. The other options - verification, syndication, and translocution - do not accurately describe this concept.

Question 2

If a child's mental age were higher than his or her chronological age,this would mean that
A) the child is brighter than normal.
B) the child is about average.
C) the child is less intelligent than normal.
D) a calculation error was made.

Accepted Answer

A higher mental age than chronological age indicates that the child is advanced and has skills and abilities beyond their years, suggesting that the child is brighter than normal.

Question 3

The idea that a test score is stable across two different administrations,or that a test score would be stable if the test were administered by two different people depicts the test characteristic known as
A) reliability.
B) validity.
C) objectivity.
D) standardization.

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency of scores over time, across different versions of a test, or when administered by different individuals. Therefore, if a test score is stable across two different administrations or by two different individuals, it is a reliable test. Validity, on the other hand, refers to the accuracy of the test in measuring what it is intended to measure. Objectivity refers to the degree to which different scorers would give the same score on a test. Standardization refers to the process of developing uniform procedures for administering and scoring a test.

Question 4

Regarding intelligence,______ intelligence tends to improve with age.
A) crystallized
B) generative
C) fluid
D) contextual

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence refers to the accumulation of knowledge, skills, and abilities that are acquired over time through experience and education. This type of intelligence tends to improve with age because as individuals gain more life experience and knowledge, they become better equipped to solve problems and handle complex situations. In contrast, fluid intelligence (C) includes the ability to think abstractly and solve novel problems, which tends to decline with age. Generative (B) and contextual (D) are not types of intelligence but rather terms that describe different aspects of intelligence.

Question 5

The idea of test standardization means that
A) the test measures what it is intended to measure.
B) there is no ambiguity when determining the correct answer on a test.
C) an individual's score is compared with larger groups of people who have taken that test.
D) the test is given in the same way to every person taking the test.

Accepted Answer

Test standardization means that the test is given in the same way to every person taking the test. This ensures that the test-takers are all being evaluated under the same conditions, which makes it easier to compare their scores accurately.

Question 6

According to the original Stanford-Binet formula,IQ was calculated as mental age _______ chronological age and the result was _______ by 100.
A) divided by;divided
B) divided by;multiplied
C) subtracted from;divided
D) subtracted from;multiplied

Accepted Answer

According to the original Stanford-Binet formula, IQ was calculated as mental age divided by chronological age and the result was multiplied by 100.

Question 7

In children's IQ testing,chronological age refers to the measure of
A) the age of the parents when the child was born.
B) how quickly the child can answer questions.
C) how many questions the child can answer.
D) the age of the child.

Accepted Answer

Chronological age refers to the actual age of the child, in years and months. It is used in children's IQ testing to compare a child's cognitive ability to the average ability of children of the same chronological age.

Question 8

If items on an intelligence test can have more than one correct answer,the test is lacking the very important characteristic of
A) validity.
B) reliability.
C) objectivity.
D) uniformness.

Accepted Answer

Objectivity in testing means that regardless of who scores the test, the outcome will be the same. If an intelligence test allows for more than one correct answer per item, it lacks objectivity because different scorers might interpret answers differently, leading to varying scores for the same responses.

Question 9

How does crystallized intelligence differ from fluid intelligence?
A) Crystallized intelligence stabilizes before adolescence while fluid intelligence always improves.
B) Fluid intelligence shows age-related declines before crystallized intelligence.
C) Crystallized intelligence is set from birth and fluid intelligence is not.
D) Fluid intelligence improves until retirement age,and at the same time crystallized intelligence declines.

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence involves the ability to think abstractly, problem-solve, and adapt to new situations, while crystallized intelligence relies on accumulated knowledge and skills. Research indicates that fluid intelligence tends to peak in early adulthood and then gradually declines, while crystallized intelligence tends to increase with age and experience. Therefore, option B, which states that fluid intelligence shows age-related declines before crystallized intelligence, is the best choice.

Question 10

Which form of IQ is currently used by psychologists?
A) ratio IQ
B) deviation IQ
C) reliability IQ
D) algebraic IQ

Accepted Answer

Deviation IQ is the form of IQ currently used by psychologists. It calculates an individual's score based on their deviation from the mean score of their age group. This allows for easier comparisons between individuals of different ages and provides a more accurate representation of an individual's intelligence level. Ratio IQ and algebraic IQ are outdated forms of measuring intelligence, and reliability IQ is not a recognized term in the field of psychology.

Question 11

The ability to process information quickly and devise strategies for dealing with novel problems is known as
A) generativity.
B) g.
C) crystallized intelligence.
D) fluid intelligence.

Accepted Answer

The ability to process information quickly and devise strategies for dealing with novel problems is referred to as fluid intelligence. This type of intelligence is flexible and adaptive, allowing individuals to approach new situations with creativity and originality. Crystallized intelligence (C) refers to the accumulation of knowledge and skills over time, while generativity (A) refers to the ability to contribute to society and create meaningful, lasting impacts. G (B) is a measure of general intelligence, based on performance across a variety of cognitive tasks.

Question 12

When a test is given to a large group of individuals varying in age,sex,background,and so on to form a basis for interpreting an individual's score,the group is referred to as the _______ sample.
A) standardization
B) validity
C) affirmative
D) normative

Accepted Answer

Normative sample is a group of individuals who are used to determine norms, such as average scores and ranges, for a particular test. This sample is generally representative of the wider population in terms of demographic characteristics such as age, gender, and socioeconomic status. A normative sample helps to interpret an individual's score in the context of a larger group, enabling comparisons to be made between individuals and groups. The other options are not relevant to the meaning of a sample used for determining norms.

Question 13

The first person to develop a useful measure of intelligence was
A) Guilford.
B) Binet.
C) Thurstone.
D) Wechsler

Accepted Answer

Alfred Binet developed the first useful measure of intelligence in the early 1900s. He and his colleague, Theodore Simon, created the Binet-Simon Scale, which was the first intelligence test designed to identify children who were struggling in school and needed extra help. This test is still used in modern intelligence testing, although it has been revised and updated over the years.

Question 14

With children,the intelligence quotient is calculated as
A) mental age divided by chronological age,then multiplied by 100.
B) mental age multiplied by 100,then divided by chronological age.
C) chronological age divided by mental age,then multiplied by 1000.
D) mental age divided by 100,then multiplied by chronological age.

Accepted Answer

The intelligence quotient (IQ) for children is calculated by dividing the child's mental age by their chronological age and multiplying the result by 100. This formula gives an IQ score that is an estimation of the child's intellectual development in comparison to their peers of the same age. Therefore, choice A is the correct option.

Question 15

The mathematical approach that Binet used to calculate the IQ of children is known as the
A) deviation IQ.
B) ratio IQ.
C) normal IQ.
D) valid IQ.

Accepted Answer

Binet used the ratio IQ, which is calculated as mental age divided by chronological age, multiplied by 100. This method compares a child's level of intelligence with that of other children in the same age group. The other options (deviation IQ, normal IQ, and valid IQ) refer to different types of IQ tests or methods of scoring, and do not specifically describe the mathematical approach used by Binet.

Question 16

Persons raised in collectivist cultures when compared to persons raised in individualistic cultures
A) believe that group influence on behavior is very small.
B) believe that group influence is less than individual influence on our behavior.
C) believe that group influence is much greater on behavior.
D) show no difference in inferences.

Accepted Answer

Persons raised in collectivist cultures tend to place greater emphasis on group harmony and prioritize the needs and goals of the group over the individual. This leads to a belief that group influence is much greater on behavior compared to individuals raised in individualistic cultures who tend to prioritize personal autonomy and independence.

Question 17

John's psychology class took a test on Friday.On the following Friday,the class was asked to take the same test again.The professor was determining the _______ of the test.
A) validity
B) readability
C) reliability
D) comprehension

Accepted Answer

The professor was determining the reliability of the test, which refers to the consistency and stability of the test scores over time. By asking the class to take the same test again, the professor can determine whether the test produces similar results on different occasions. Validity refers to whether the test measures what it is supposed to measure, readability refers to how easy the test is to read and understand, and comprehension refers to the understanding of the material by the test-takers.

Question 18

Which of the following most accurately depicts crystallized intelligence?
A) The ability to combine syntax and grammar to solve word problems.
B) The ability to learn vicariously from others to solve novel problems.
C) The ability to use new information quickly to devise problem-solving strategies.
D) The ability to used previous knowledge to solve familiar problems.

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence refers to the ability to use and apply previously learned knowledge, skills and experiences to solve problems or tasks. Choice D, "the ability to use previous knowledge to solve familiar problems," best depicts crystallized intelligence.

Question 19

Reading the identical directions to every person taking a given intelligence test is an aspect of the test's
A) reliability.
B) validity.
C) normalization.
D) standardization.

Accepted Answer

Standardization is the process of administering a test to a large, representative sample of people to establish norms or standards for interpreting individual scores. One aspect of this process is ensuring that identical directions are given to every participant to ensure consistency in administration and reduce extraneous sources of error.

Question 20

Of the following,why are intelligence tests used?
A) to predict behavior
B) to categorize people
C) to measure expertise
D) to normalize society

Accepted Answer

Intelligence tests are primarily used to predict behavior, such as academic and occupational success, based on an individual's cognitive abilities. While they may also categorize people based on their performance on the test, this is not the primary purpose. Measuring expertise and normalizing society are not functions of intelligence tests.

Quiz 9: Cognition, Language, and Intelligence

High school students taking the SAT on the east coast are read the exact same instructions and given the exact same amount of time to complete the SAT as students on the west coast.This feature of administering the same test in the same manner at different locations is known as

If a child's mental age were higher than his or her chronological age,this would mean that

The idea that a test score is stable across two different administrations,or that a test score would be stable if the test were administered by two different people depicts the test characteristic known as

Regarding intelligence,______ intelligence tends to improve with age.

The idea of test standardization means that

According to the original Stanford-Binet formula,IQ was calculated as mental age _ chronological age and the result was _ by 100.

In children's IQ testing,chronological age refers to the measure of

If items on an intelligence test can have more than one correct answer,the test is lacking the very important characteristic of

How does crystallized intelligence differ from fluid intelligence?

Which form of IQ is currently used by psychologists?

The ability to process information quickly and devise strategies for dealing with novel problems is known as

When a test is given to a large group of individuals varying in age,sex,background,and so on to form a basis for interpreting an individual's score,the group is referred to as the _______ sample.

The first person to develop a useful measure of intelligence was

With children,the intelligence quotient is calculated as

The mathematical approach that Binet used to calculate the IQ of children is known as the

Persons raised in collectivist cultures when compared to persons raised in individualistic cultures

John's psychology class took a test on Friday.On the following Friday,the class was asked to take the same test again.The professor was determining the _______ of the test.

Which of the following most accurately depicts crystallized intelligence?

Reading the identical directions to every person taking a given intelligence test is an aspect of the test's

Of the following,why are intelligence tests used?