Question 1

A neural tube defect in the developing fetus may be detected by measuring the levels of which of the following substances?
A)human chorionic somatomammotropin
B)human chorionic gonadotropin
C)relaxin
D)maternal alpha-fetoprotein
E)corticotropin-releasing hormone

Accepted Answer

Maternal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels can be measured in the mother's blood or amniotic fluid to detect abnormalities in the fetal neural tube, such as spina bifida or anencephaly. High levels of AFP may indicate a neural tube defect, while low levels may indicate Down syndrome. The other substances listed are not typically used to detect neural tube defects.

Question 2

Describe the products of the three primary germ layers.

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Describe the process and purpose of amniocentesis.

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

Which condition listed is a developmental abnormality due to mechanical forces that mold a part of the fetus over a prolonged period of time?
A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)Breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Accepted Answer

Deformation is a developmental abnormality that occurs due to prolonged mechanical forces on a part of the fetus during gestation, leading to structural changes in the affected area. Examples include clubfoot or hip dysplasia, which can be caused by the positioning of the fetus in the uterus. The other conditions listed are genetic or hormonal in nature and not caused by mechanical forces.

Question 5

Describe the hormonal events surrounding parturition.

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

Which condition listed is also called morning sickness?
A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)Breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Accepted Answer

Emesis gravidarum, also known as morning sickness, is a common condition during pregnancy characterized by nausea and vomiting.

Question 7

Clubfeet is an example of which condition listed?
A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)Breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Accepted Answer

Clubfeet is an example of deformation, which is a condition resulting from abnormal pressures on the developing fetus, leading to permanent changes in shape or position of body parts.

Question 8

A teratogen induced developmental defect resulting in characteristic facial features is associated with
A)Down syndrome
B)Prader-Willi syndrome
C)Fetal alcohol syndrome
D)Angelman syndrome
E)Sudden death syndrome

Accepted Answer

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a teratogen-induced developmental defect resulting in a range of physical and neurodevelopmental abnormalities, including characteristic facial features like a thin upper lip, smooth philtrum, and small eye openings. Down syndrome (A), Prader-Willi syndrome (B), and Angelman syndrome (D) are genetic disorders that are not typically associated with exposure to teratogens. Sudden death syndrome (E) refers to unexplained infant deaths and is not relevant to this question.

Question 9

Which condition listed is a malpresentation in which the fetal buttocks or lower limbs present into the maternal pelvis?
A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)Breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Accepted Answer

Breech presentation occurs when the fetal buttocks or lower limbs present into the maternal pelvis. Emesis gravidarum refers to severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, deformation is a term used to describe an abnormality in shape or form, Turner's syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome are genetic conditions.

Question 10

Red-green color blindness is a recessive,X-linked trait represented as X^c.(Normal color vision is represented as X^C. )If a daughter has red-green color blindness,what must the genotypes of her parents be?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Red-green color blindness is a recessive,X-linked trait...

Question 11

Which condition listed results from an infection originating in the birth canal following childbirth and affects the mother's endometrium?
A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Puerperal fever
C)Turner's syndrome
D)Hyperemesis gravidarum
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Accepted Answer

Puerperal fever, also known as postpartum infection or childbed fever, is a bacterial infection that occurs following childbirth or miscarriage. It typically originates in the birth canal and affects the mother's endometrium, leading to symptoms such as fever, abdominal pain, and uterine tenderness. Emesis gravidarum and hyperemesis gravidarum are both conditions related to excessive vomiting during pregnancy, Turner's syndrome and Klinefelter's syndrome are genetic conditions that affect sex chromosomes and are not related to postpartum infections.

Question 12

What is line "F" pointing to in the figure?

A)Umbilical arteries
B)Umbilical vein
C)Fetal blood vessels
D)Maternal endometrial arteriole
E)Chorionic villi

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is line "F" pointing to in...

Question 13

If one was able to view the developing embryo and fetus,at which stage of the pregnancy would the gender of the baby be distinguishable for the first time?
A)5-8 weeks
B)9-12 weeks
C)13-16 weeks
D)17-20 weeks
E)21-25 weeks

Accepted Answer

Gender can typically be determined by ultrasound, with varying degrees of accuracy, starting from around 9-12 weeks of pregnancy. However, it is more commonly and accurately determined during the mid-pregnancy anatomy scan, which is usually done between 18 and 22 weeks.

Question 14

Which condition listed is a sex chromo some aneuploidy,caused by the presence of a single X chromosome designated XO?
A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)Breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Accepted Answer

Turner's syndrome is a sex chromosome aneuploidy caused by the presence of a single X chromosome (designated XO) in females. Emesis gravidarum and breech presentation are both pregnancy-related conditions. Deformation is a general term that does not specify a particular genetic condition. Klinefelter's syndrome is caused by the presence of an extra X chromosome in males, designated XXY.

Question 15

Which of the following may be associated with anencephaly and a higher risk of ectopic pregnancies?
A)cigarette smoking during pregnancy
B)irradiation during pregnancy
C)alcohol consumption during pregnancy
D)contracting hepatitis B during pregnancy
E)contracting human papilloma virus during pregnancy

Accepted Answer

Cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with a range of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including an increased risk of ectopic pregnancies. Anencephaly, a severe neural tube defect, is not directly linked to smoking but is influenced by nutritional and environmental factors.

Question 16

During pregnancy,a malfunction during which weeks might lead to a breech presentation at birth?
A)21-25 weeks
B)26-29 weeks
C)30-34 weeks
D)35-38 weeks
E)9-12 weeks

Accepted Answer

Breech presentation is often detected between 30-34 weeks of pregnancy. During this period, the baby is still small enough to move around in the uterus and change position. As the baby grows bigger and the uterus gets more cramped, there is less room for the baby to move around, making it less likely to flip into a head-down position.

Question 17

Distinguish between genotype and phenotype and explain how the environment may affect each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Distinguish between genotype and phenotype and explain...

Question 18

Which condition listed is a sex chromosome aneuploidy,usually due to trisomy XXY?
A)Emesis gravidarum
B)Deformation
C)Turner's syndrome
D)Breech presentation
E)Klinefelter's syndrome

Accepted Answer

Klinefelter's syndrome is a sex chromosome aneuploidy caused by trisomy XXY, meaning that an individual has an extra X chromosome. This can result in various physical and developmental symptoms, such as infertility, tall stature, learning difficulties, and breast development. A, B, C, and D are all different conditions or situations unrelated to sex chromosome aneuploidy.

Question 19

A deficiency in corticotropin-releasing hormone could lead to the development of _____ in the newborn.
A)liver disease
B)respiratory distress syndrome
C)cretinism
D)cardiovascular distress
E)hemolytic disease of the newborn

Accepted Answer

A deficiency in corticotropin-releasing hormone could lead to a decrease in cortisol production, which is important for the development of surfactant in the lungs. Without sufficient surfactant, the newborn could develop respiratory distress syndrome.

Question 20

The hormone associated with a change in gait of a pregnant woman in the later stages of pregnancy is
A)estrogen
B)human chorionic gonadotropin
C)progesterone
D)inhibin
E)relaxin

Accepted Answer

The hormone associated with a change in gait of a pregnant woman in the later stages of pregnancy is relaxin. Relaxin is produced by the corpus luteum of the ovary and the placenta and is responsible for relaxing the ligaments and joints in preparation for the birthing process. This relaxation of the pelvic ligaments is what causes the change in gait in pregnant women during the later stages of pregnancy.

Quiz 29: Development and Inheritance

A neural tube defect in the developing fetus may be detected by measuring the levels of which of the following substances?

Describe the products of the three primary germ layers.

Describe the process and purpose of amniocentesis.

Which condition listed is a developmental abnormality due to mechanical forces that mold a part of the fetus over a prolonged period of time?

Describe the hormonal events surrounding parturition.

Which condition listed is also called morning sickness?

Clubfeet is an example of which condition listed?

A teratogen induced developmental defect resulting in characteristic facial features is associated with

Which condition listed is a malpresentation in which the fetal buttocks or lower limbs present into the maternal pelvis?

Red-green color blindness is a recessive,X-linked trait represented as Xc.(Normal color vision is represented as XC. )If a daughter has red-green color blindness,what must the genotypes of her parents be?

Which condition listed results from an infection originating in the birth canal following childbirth and affects the mother's endometrium?

What is line "F" pointing to in the figure?

If one was able to view the developing embryo and fetus,at which stage of the pregnancy would the gender of the baby be distinguishable for the first time?

Which condition listed is a sex chromo some aneuploidy,caused by the presence of a single X chromosome designated XO?

Which of the following may be associated with anencephaly and a higher risk of ectopic pregnancies?

During pregnancy,a malfunction during which weeks might lead to a breech presentation at birth?

Distinguish between genotype and phenotype and explain how the environment may affect each.

Which condition listed is a sex chromosome aneuploidy,usually due to trisomy XXY?

A deficiency in corticotropin-releasing hormone could lead to the development of _____ in the newborn.

The hormone associated with a change in gait of a pregnant woman in the later stages of pregnancy is

Red-green color blindness is a recessive,X-linked trait represented as X^c.(Normal color vision is represented as X^C. )If a daughter has red-green color blindness,what must the genotypes of her parents be?