Question 1

According to the Arrhenius theory,a neutralization reaction involves the combination of an acid with a base to make only water.

Accepted Answer

According to the Arrhenius theory, a neutralization reaction involves the combination of an acid with a base to produce water and a salt, not just water.

Question 2

The first ionization step is approximately 100% for H₂SO₃.

Accepted Answer

The text "H₂SO₃" seems to be a formatting or encoding error and does not represent a valid chemical compound or a known process related to ionization. Therefore, any statement about ionization based on this text cannot be accurately assessed.

Question 3

The term pH = -ln [H⁺].

Accepted Answer

The correct formula for pH is pH = -log[H+], where [H+] represents the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution. The given formula does not represent the calculation of pH.

Question 4

According to the Arrhenius theory,a neutralization reaction involves:
A)the combination of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions to form water
B)the dissociation of a strong acid to hydrogen ions and an anion
C)the dissociation of a strong base into hydroxide ions and a cation
D)the addition of water to ammonia to make ammonium hydroxide
E)the combination of an acid with a base to make only water

Accepted Answer

The Arrhenius theory defines acids as substances that increase the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution and bases as substances that increase the concentration of hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution. A neutralization reaction, according to this theory, involves the combination of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions to form water.

Question 5

Br∅nsted and Lowry suggested that bases be defined as proton acceptors.

Accepted Answer

Brønsted and Lowry's definition of bases as proton acceptors is still widely used in chemistry.

Question 6

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: HCO₃^- + OH^- ⇌ H₂O + CO₃^2- A)acids HCO₃^-,H₂O bases OH^-,CO₃^2- B)acids OH^-,CO₃^2- bases HCO₃^-,H₂O C)acids H₂O,OH^- bases HCO₃^-,CO₃^2- D)acids HCO₃^-,OH^- bases CO₃^2-,H₂O E)acids H₂O,CO₃^2- bases HCO₃^-,OH^-

Accepted Answer

In the equation, the HCO₃^- donates a proton (H+) to the OH^-, which accepts the proton. Therefore, the HCO₃^- is the acid, and the OH^- is the base. In the reverse reaction, the OH^- donates a proton (H+) to form H₂O, which is the base, and the CO₃^2- accepts the proton, making it the acid. Therefore, the answer is A.

Question 7

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: HSO₄^- + C₂H₃O₂^- ⇌ HC₂H₃O₂ + SO₄^2- A)acids HSO₄^-,SO₄²^- bases HC₂H₃O₂,C₂H₃O₂^- B)acids HSO₄^-,HC₂H₃O₂ bases SO₄^2-,C₂H₃O₂^- C)acids SO₄^2-,HC₂H₃O₂ bases HSO₄^-,C₂H₃O₂^- D)acids SO₄^2-,C₂H₃O₂^- bases HSO₄^-,HC₂H₃O₂ E)acids HSO₄^-,C₂H₃O₂^- bases HC₂H₃O₂,SO₄^2-

Accepted Answer

Brønsted-Lowry acids are proton donors, and bases are proton acceptors. In the given equation, HSOS1U1B14S1U1B0S1U1P1-S1S1P0 (sulfuric acid) donates a proton to become SOS1U1B14S1U1B0S1U1P12- (sulfate ion), making it an acid. HCS1U1B12S1U1B0HS1U1B13S1U1B0OS1U1B12S1U1B0 (carbonic acid) donates a proton to become CS1U1B12S1U1B0HS1U1B13S1U1B0OS1U1B12S1U1B0S1U1P1- (bicarbonate ion), also making it an acid. The recipients of these protons are bases.

Question 8

The definition of a neutralization reaction as a reaction in which an acid reacts with a base to produce water and a salt is inherent in:
A)only the Arrhenius theory
B)both the Arrhenius and the Br∅nsted-Lowry theories
C)only the Br∅nsted-Lowry theory
D)both the Br∅nsted-Lowry and the Lewis theories
E)only the Lewis theory

Accepted Answer

The Arrhenius theory specifically defines acids and bases in terms of their ability to produce H+ and OH- ions in water, respectively, and a neutralization reaction according to this theory involves the combination of these ions to form water and a salt. The Brønsted-Lowry and Lewis theories have broader definitions of acids and bases that do not necessarily involve the formation of water and a salt in a neutralization reaction.

Question 9

H₂SO₄ is a weaker acid than H₂SO₃.

Accepted Answer

H₂SO₄ (sulfuric acid) is a stronger acid than H₂SO₃ (sulfurous acid) because it is more completely ionized in solution.

Question 10

When comparing binary acids of the elements in the same row of the periodic table,acid strength increases as the polarity of the element-hydrogen bond increases.

Accepted Answer

This is because the more polar the element-hydrogen bond is, the more easily the hydrogen ion (H+) can dissociate from the acid molecule, making it a stronger acid. This trend can be seen in the binary acids of elements in the same row of the periodic table, where the acidity increases from left to right within the row.

Question 11

Which of the following are Br∅nsted-Lowry acids? I.CH₃COOH II.[Cu(H₂O)₄]²⁺ ^III.H₂O IV.CH₃NH₂ _V.H₃O⁺ A)I,IIand III B)II,III,and IV C)I,II,IIIand IV D)I,II,III,and V E)II,IIIand V

Accepted Answer

Brønsted-Lowry acids are proton (H⁺) donors. I (CH₃COOH, acetic acid) can donate a proton from its carboxyl group. II ([Cu(H₂O)₄]²⁺, a copper(II) complex with water) can donate a proton through one of its coordinated water molecules. III (H₂O, water) can donate a proton, acting as an acid in some reactions. V (H₃O⁺, hydronium ion) is a well-known proton donor. IV (CH₃NH₂, methylamine) is a base, not an acid, as it accepts protons.

Question 12

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: HCN + OH^- ⇌ H₂O + CN^- A)acids HCN,CN^- bases OH^-,H₂O B)acids CN^-,OH^- bases HCN,H₂O C)acids HCN,H₂O bases OH^-,CN^- D)acids OH^-,H₂O bases CN^-,HCN E)acids HCN,OH^- bases H₂O,CN^-

Accepted Answer

In the Brønsted-Lowry theory, an acid is a substance that can donate a proton (H+), and a base is a substance that can accept a proton. In the given equation, HCN donates a proton to OH- to form H2O, making HCN an acid and OH- a base. Similarly, CN- accepts a proton from H2O to form HCN, making CN- a base and H2O an acid.

Question 13

HNO₃ is a strong acid.

Accepted Answer

The given molecule, HNO₃, is not a valid chemical formula. It has characters such as "1U1" and "13S", which do not represent any chemical element. Therefore, it is not possible to determine its acidic properties.

Question 14

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: NH₄⁺ + OH^- ⇌ H₂O + NH₃ A)acids NH₄⁺,OH^- bases H₂O,NH₃ B)acids OH^-,H₂O bases NH₃,NH₄⁺ C)acids NH₄⁺,OH^- bases NH₄⁺,H₂O D)acids NH₄⁺,H₂O bases OH^-,NH₃ E)acids NH₄⁺,NH₃ bases OH^-,H₂O

Accepted Answer

In the Brønsted-Lowry theory, an acid is a substance that can donate a proton (H+), and a base is a substance that can accept a proton. In the given equation, NH₄⁺ (ammonium ion) donates a proton to become NH₃ (ammonia), making it an acid. OH^- (hydroxide ion) accepts a proton to form H₂O (water), making it a base. Therefore, the correct acids are NH₄⁺ and H₂O, and the correct bases are OH^- and NH₃.

Question 15

In the equilibrium system described by: Theory would designate: A)PO₄^3- and H₂O as the bases B)H₂O and OH^- as a conjugate pair C)HPO₄^2- and OH^- as the acids D)HPO₄^2- and H₂O as a conjugate pair E)PO₄^3- as amphiprotic

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the equilibrium system described by:

...

Question 16

Amine bases are known as strong bases.

Accepted Answer

Amine bases are generally considered weak bases because they do not completely dissociate in water.

Question 17

According to the Arrhenius theory,a neutralization reaction involves the combination of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions to form water.

Accepted Answer

According to the Arrhenius theory, a neutralization reaction involves the combination of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions to form water.

Question 18

Proton acceptor is an abbreviated definition of:
A)Br∅nsted-Lowry base
B)Br∅nsted-Lowry acid
C)Lewis base
D)Lewis acid
E)Arrhenius acid

Accepted Answer

A Brønsted-Lowry base is defined as a proton acceptor.

Question 19

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: H₂O + NH₂^- ⇌ NH₃ + OH^- A)acids H₂O,OH^- bases NH₃,NH₂^- B)acids NH₂^-,NH₃ bases H₂O,OH^- C)acids H₂O,NH₂^- bases OH^-,NH₃ D)acids NH₃,NH₂^- bases OH^-,H₂O E)acids H₂O,NH₃ bases NH₂^-,OH^-

Accepted Answer

In the reaction, H₂O donates a proton to NH₂⁻, making H₂O a Brønsted-Lowry acid and NH₂⁻ a base. NH₃ is the conjugate acid formed, and OH⁻ is the conjugate base.

Question 20

In the reaction BF₃ + NH₃ → F₃B:NH₃,BF₃ acts as a Br∅nsted acid.

Accepted Answer

BF₃ (BF3) acts as a Lewis acid by accepting a pair of electrons from NH3 in the formation of the adduct, not by donating a proton as a Brønsted acid would.

Quiz 16: Acids and Bases

According to the Arrhenius theory,a neutralization reaction involves the combination of an acid with a base to make only water.

The first ionization step is approximately 100% for H₂SO₃.

The term pH = -ln [H⁺].

According to the Arrhenius theory,a neutralization reaction involves:

Br∅nsted and Lowry suggested that bases be defined as proton acceptors.

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: HCO₃^- + OH^- ⇌ H₂O + CO₃^2-

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: HSO₄^- + C₂H₃O₂^- ⇌ HC₂H₃O₂ + SO₄^2-

The definition of a neutralization reaction as a reaction in which an acid reacts with a base to produce water and a salt is inherent in:

H₂SO₄ is a weaker acid than H₂SO₃.

When comparing binary acids of the elements in the same row of the periodic table,acid strength increases as the polarity of the element-hydrogen bond increases.

Which of the following are Br∅nsted-Lowry acids? I.CH₃COOH II.[Cu(H₂O) ₄]²⁺ ^III.H₂O IV.CH₃NH₂ _V.H₃O⁺

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: HCN + OH^- ⇌ H₂O + CN^-

HNO₃ is a strong acid.

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: NH₄⁺ + OH^- ⇌ H₂O + NH₃

In the equilibrium system described by: Theory would designate:

Amine bases are known as strong bases.

According to the Arrhenius theory,a neutralization reaction involves the combination of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions to form water.

Proton acceptor is an abbreviated definition of:

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: H₂O + NH₂^- ⇌ NH₃ + OH^-

In the reaction BF₃ + NH₃ → F₃B:NH₃,BF₃ acts as a Br∅nsted acid.

Quiz 16: Acids and Bases

According to the Arrhenius theory,a neutralization reaction involves the combination of an acid with a base to make only water.

The first ionization step is approximately 100% for H2SO3.

The term pH = -ln [H+].

According to the Arrhenius theory,a neutralization reaction involves:

Br∅nsted and Lowry suggested that bases be defined as proton acceptors.

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: HCO3- + OH- ⇌ H2O + CO32-

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: HSO4- + C2H3O2- ⇌ HC2H3O2 + SO42-

The definition of a neutralization reaction as a reaction in which an acid reacts with a base to produce water and a salt is inherent in:

H2SO4 is a weaker acid than H2SO3.

When comparing binary acids of the elements in the same row of the periodic table,acid strength increases as the polarity of the element-hydrogen bond increases.

Which of the following are Br∅nsted-Lowry acids? I.CH3COOH II.[Cu(H2O) 4]2+ III.H2O IV.CH3NH2 V.H3O+

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: HCN + OH- ⇌ H2O + CN-

HNO3 is a strong acid.

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: NH4+ + OH- ⇌ H2O + NH3

In the equilibrium system described by: Theory would designate:

Amine bases are known as strong bases.

According to the Arrhenius theory,a neutralization reaction involves the combination of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions to form water.

Proton acceptor is an abbreviated definition of:

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: H2O + NH2- ⇌ NH3 + OH-

In the reaction BF3 + NH3 → F3B:NH3,BF3 acts as a Br∅nsted acid.

The first ionization step is approximately 100% for H₂SO₃.

The term pH = -ln [H⁺].

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: HCO₃^- + OH^- ⇌ H₂O + CO₃^2-

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: HSO₄^- + C₂H₃O₂^- ⇌ HC₂H₃O₂ + SO₄^2-

H₂SO₄ is a weaker acid than H₂SO₃.

Which of the following are Br∅nsted-Lowry acids? I.CH₃COOH II.[Cu(H₂O) ₄]²⁺ ^III.H₂O IV.CH₃NH₂ _V.H₃O⁺

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: HCN + OH^- ⇌ H₂O + CN^-

HNO₃ is a strong acid.

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: NH₄⁺ + OH^- ⇌ H₂O + NH₃

Choose the Br∅nsted-Lowry acids and bases in the following equation: H₂O + NH₂^- ⇌ NH₃ + OH^-

In the reaction BF₃ + NH₃ → F₃B:NH₃,BF₃ acts as a Br∅nsted acid.