Question 1

The _____ of a line indicates the number of units variable Y changes as variable X changes by 1 unit.
A)slope
B)intercept
C)scatterplot
D)residual

Accepted Answer

The slope of a line represents the rate of change of the dependent variable (Y) with respect to the independent variable (X). Specifically, it indicates the number of units that Y changes for every 1 unit change in X.

Question 2

For a perfect positive linear relationship,the z scores for the X and Y variables will tend to have _____.
A)opposite signs
B)all negative signs
C)only positive signs
D)the same positive or negative signs

Accepted Answer

In a perfect positive linear relationship, the values of X and Y will increase or decrease together, resulting in the same positive or negative sign for their z scores. Therefore, option D is the correct choice. Option A is incorrect because opposite signs indicate a negative correlation, not a positive one, and options B and C are incorrect as z scores can be both positive and negative in a correlation.

Question 3

The general form of the linear model is _____. A)Y = bX + aX B)Y = a + bX C)Y = b + a + X D)Y = a + bX²

Accepted Answer

The general form of the linear model is Y = a + bX, where Y is the dependent variable, X is the independent variable, a is the intercept, and b is the slope. This is the standard equation used to create a straight line that shows the overall relationship between two variables.

Question 4

The largest correlation coefficient that can be observed under any circumstance is _____.
A)100%
B)$\pm$1.00
C)+1.00
D)unlimited

Accepted Answer

The answer of The largest correlation coefficient that can be...

Question 5

The sum of the cross products is a measure of _____.
A)covariation between two sets of scores
B)variability between the X mean and the Y mean
C)sum of the squares for variable y multiplied by x values
D)the determination coefficient

Accepted Answer

The sum of the cross products, also known as the deviation product sum, is a measure of the covariation between two sets of scores. It is often used to calculate the covariance and correlation coefficients between two variables. It is calculated by summing the products of the deviations of corresponding scores from their respective means.

Question 6

The Pearson correlation technique may be used to measure ______ relationships when both variables are ______ in nature.
A)curvilinear;qualitative
B)linear;qualitative
C)linear;quantitative
D)curvilinear;quantitative

Accepted Answer

The Pearson correlation technique is used to measure linear relationships between two quantitative variables. Curvilinear relationships would require a different technique, and qualitative variables cannot be measured in terms of correlation coefficients.

Question 7

Which of the following correlation values represents the strongest relationship?
A).20
B)60
C)-.70
D).09

Accepted Answer

A correlation value of -.70 represents a strong negative relationship. The closer the value is to -1 or 1, the stronger the relationship is. Values closer to 0 indicate a weak relationship. Therefore, choice C is the best choice as it represents the strongest relationship.

Question 8

The point at which a line intersects the Y axis when X = 0 is called the _____.
A)intercept
B)slope
C)abscissa
D)a and c

Accepted Answer

This is commonly known as the y-intercept. It is the point on the y-axis where a line crosses when x is equal to 0.

Question 9

If the values of the variables X and Y are directly related,then as a score in X _____ the value of a score in Y _____.
A)increase;increases
B)increases;decreases
C)decreases;increases
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

When variables are directly related, their values change in the same direction. As X increases, Y also increases. Therefore, the correct choice is A) increase; increases.

Question 10

When there is no linear relationship,the z scores on X will ______.
A)bear no relationship to the z scores on Y
B)vary in sign but not size with the z scores on Y
C)vary in size but not sign with the z scores on Y
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

When there is no linear relationship between X and Y, the z scores on X will have no relationship to the z scores on Y. This means that knowing the z score of X will not provide any information about the z score of Y, and vice versa.

Question 11

If grade point average (GPA)and number of hours partying were related according to the following linear model: GPA= 4.00 - .40 Hours,what GPA would you predict if you partied for 8 hours?
A).80
B)2.20
C)1.00
D)3.60

Accepted Answer

The answer of If grade point average (GPA)and number of...

Question 12

In the case of a _____ relationship,as scores on X increase,scores on Y also increase.
A)curvilinear
B)positive
C)negative
D)constant

Accepted Answer

In a positive relationship, as values on one variable increase, values on the other variable increase as well. This is the opposite of a negative relationship (as one variable increases, the other decreases) and a curvilinear relationship (where the relationship between the variables is not linear, i.e. has a U, inverted U, or other shape). A constant relationship means that there is no relationship between the variables - their values do not affect each other.

Question 13

If the value of variables X and Y are inversely related,then as a score on X ____ the value of a score on Y ____.
A)decreases;decreases
B)increases;increases
C)increases;decreases
D)none of these

Accepted Answer

According to the definition of inverse relationship, as one variable increases, the other variable decreases. Therefore, as a score on X increases, the value of a score on Y decreases. Thus, choice C is the correct answer.

Question 14

In the case of a negative relationship,as scores on X _____,scores on Y _____.
A)increase;stay the same
B)decrease;stay the same
C)decrease;decrease
D)increase;decrease

Accepted Answer

In a negative relationship, as one variable (X) increases, the other variable (Y) decreases.

Question 15

The Pearson correlation coefficient can range from _____.
A)0.0 to + 1.00
B)1.00 to 100.00
C)-1.00 to 1.00
D)0.0 to 8

Accepted Answer

The Pearson correlation coefficient ranges from -1.00 to 1.00, indicating a negative correlation, no correlation, or a positive correlation between two variables. Option A and D are incorrect as 0.0 can indicate no correlation, and option B is incorrect as the Pearson correlation coefficient does not go beyond -1.00 to 1.00.

Question 16

Research in the behavioral sciences is often concerned with _____ relationships.
A)qualified
B)unsystematic
C)linear
D)all of these

Accepted Answer

Research in the behavioral sciences is often concerned with linear relationships, which are characterized by a constant rate of change in one variable for a given change in another variable. While qualified relationships and unsystematic relationships may also be studied in the behavioral sciences, they are less common than linear relationships.

Question 17

The Pearson correlation may be used to determine the _____.
A)relationship between two variables
B)variability between x and y scores
C)curvilinear relationship between x and y
D)predictive error between two scores

Accepted Answer

The Pearson correlation coefficient is used to determine the relationship between two variables. It measures the strength and direction of the linear relationship between two continuous variables. Choice B is incorrect because variability is measured by the variance or standard deviation. Choice C is incorrect because the Pearson correlation coefficient only determines linear relationships, not curvilinear ones. Choice D is incorrect because the Pearson correlation coefficient does not measure predictive error; it measures how closely two variables are related.

Question 18

For a perfect negative linear relationship,the z scores for the Y and X variables will tend to have _____.
A)the same sign
B)all negative signs
C)opposite signs
D)an inconsistent pairing of signs

Accepted Answer

In a perfect negative linear relationship, as the value of X increases, the value of Y decreases by a constant proportion. This results in a negative correlation coefficient, indicating that the z scores for the Y and X variables tend to have opposite signs.

Question 19

A slope of _____ would be represented by a _____ line.
A)1.0;nonlinear
B)0;horizontal
C)-1.0;horizontal
D)1.0;horizontal

Accepted Answer

A slope of 0 represents a horizontal line.

Question 20

Which of the following correlation scores represents the weakest relationship?
A).40
B).60
C)-.80
D).09

Accepted Answer

A correlation score of .09 represents a very weak relationship.

Quiz 5: Pearson Correlation and Regression: Descriptive Aspects

The _____ of a line indicates the number of units variable Y changes as variable X changes by 1 unit.

For a perfect positive linear relationship,the z scores for the X and Y variables will tend to have _____.

The general form of the linear model is _____.

The largest correlation coefficient that can be observed under any circumstance is _____.

The sum of the cross products is a measure of _____.

The Pearson correlation technique may be used to measure relationships when both variables are in nature.

Which of the following correlation values represents the strongest relationship?

The point at which a line intersects the Y axis when X = 0 is called the _____.

If the values of the variables X and Y are directly related,then as a score in X _ the value of a score in Y _.

When there is no linear relationship,the z scores on X will ______.

If grade point average (GPA) and number of hours partying were related according to the following linear model: GPA= 4.00 - .40 Hours,what GPA would you predict if you partied for 8 hours?

In the case of a _____ relationship,as scores on X increase,scores on Y also increase.

If the value of variables X and Y are inversely related,then as a score on X the value of a score on Y .

In the case of a negative relationship,as scores on X _,scores on Y _.

The Pearson correlation coefficient can range from _____.

Research in the behavioral sciences is often concerned with _____ relationships.

The Pearson correlation may be used to determine the _____.

For a perfect negative linear relationship,the z scores for the Y and X variables will tend to have _____.

A slope of _ would be represented by a _ line.

Which of the following correlation scores represents the weakest relationship?