Question 1

_____________ is a process of borrowing from more than one theory.
A) eclecticism
B) joining
C) integration
D) combining.

Accepted Answer

Eclecticism refers to the process of selecting and borrowing ideas or techniques from multiple theories or sources. It involves synthesizing different approaches to create a customized approach that meets an individual's needs. Option B, C, and D do not accurately describe this process.

Question 2

From the perspective of the _______________ approach,the truth is subjective and the counseling relationship is an empathic one in which the counselor serves to create contexts that support the natural process of self-actualization.
A) modernism
B) post-modernism
C) systemic
D) phenomenological

Accepted Answer

The post-modernism approach emphasizes that truth is subjective and focuses on the individual's perspective, aligning with the idea of creating supportive contexts for self-actualization.

Question 3

Which of the following statements best exemplifies skillful integration practices.
A) Skillful integration involves being able to work from one theory and incorporate diagnosis and information from diagnostic manuals.
B) Skillful integration involves combining multiple philosophical assumptions through one theoretical model.
C) Skillful integration involves grounding in one set of philosophical assumptions and integrating practices from other models in a way that fits with chosen set of philosophical assumptions.
D) Skillful integration involves choosing whatever intervention feels best at the time with little thought to how and why the intervention are chosen.

Accepted Answer

Skillful integration involves having a grounded understanding of a set of philosophical assumptions and incorporating practices from other models in a way that is consistent with those assumptions. It is not about simply choosing interventions that feel good without considering the underlying theory and rationale for the choice. Option A is too limiting in its focus on diagnosis and diagnostic manuals, while option B suggests a shotgun approach to integration that may not be consistent with any one theory or approach. Option D is not an example of skillful integration at all.

Question 4

It is likely that an unplanned approach of integration or eclecticism will result in the counselor doing what he/she feels like with little understanding of how or why.

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is likely that an unplanned approach...

Question 5

Most evidence-based treatments use _________________ to combine two or more theories into a single coherent theoretical model to improve or expand the potentials each theory may have alone.
A) common factors
B) assimilative integration
C) systemic treatment selection
D) favorite intervention integration

Accepted Answer

The answer of Most evidence-based treatments use _________________ to combine...

Question 6

Within the systems approach,a distinction is made between ___________ and ______________ which influenced systemic practices into those that lean more toward finding an objective truth and those in which counselor and client coconstruct rules for establishing truth.
A) first-order change; second-order change
B) modernism; post-modernism
C) first-order cybernetics; second-order cybernetics
D) social constructivism; individual constructivism

Accepted Answer

First-order cybernetics focuses on observing systems from a detached viewpoint, aiming for objective truth, while second-order cybernetics involves the observer within the system, emphasizing the co-construction of reality between observer and system (e.g., counselor and client).

Question 7

Maricella,a counselor for 15 years,has chosen to incorporate the core conditions of person-centered counseling to build relationships and solution-generating questions from solution-focused counseling to generate hope.This is an example of ______________.
A) Solution-focused counseling
B) common factors approach
C) assimilative integration
D) systemic treatment selection

Accepted Answer

The answer of Maricella,a counselor for 15 years,has chosen to...

Question 8

From the perspective of the _______________ approach,there is an external,knowable "truth" and the counseling relationship is hierarchical in which the counselor serves to teach and guide clients in better ways of being.
A) modernism
B) post-modernism
C) systemic
D) phenomenological

Accepted Answer

The modernism approach is based on a belief in objective reality and the idea that there is a single, knowable truth. In this approach, the counselor is seen as an expert who guides and teaches the client in a hierarchical relationship. This approach emphasizes rationality, logic, and evidence-based interventions.

Question 9

Carlos,a narrative therapist for 9 years,at times integrates practices from other approaches in order to broaden intervention options that may work for his client,but remains essentially narrative in his approach.This is referred to as _______________.
A) common factors
B) assimilative integration
C) systemic treatment selection
D) favorite intervention integration

Accepted Answer

Assimilative integration refers to integrating practices from other approaches while maintaining the essence of the therapist's primary approach, which in this case is narrative therapy. Common factors and systemic treatment selection are other types of integration, but they do not specifically refer to integrating practices from other approaches while maintaining the essence of the primary approach. "Favorite intervention integration" is not a recognized term in psychotherapy integration.

Question 10

The combining of two or more theories into a coherent approach is called _______________________.
A) eclecticism
B) joining
C) integration
D) combining

Accepted Answer

The answer of The combining of two or more theories...

Question 11

All of the following are types of integration EXCEPT:
A) common factors.
B) assimilative integration.
C) systemic treatment selection.
D) favorite intervention integration.

Accepted Answer

Favorite intervention integration is not a recognized type of integration in the field of psychology. The other options, common factors, assimilative integration, and systemic treatment selection, are recognized types of integration.

Question 12

Regarding integration,it requires _______________________ than using a single theoretical model and should be approached carefully and thoughtfully.
A) a wide knowledge of theory
B) experience using different interventions
C) a good understanding of people and knowledge of the evidence base
D) more skill and more discipline

Accepted Answer

Integration requires more skill and more discipline because it involves combining multiple theoretical models and interventions, which can be complex and challenging.

Question 13

Syncretism refers to _________________________________________.
A) combining philosophies that fit well
B) a haphazard approach of doing whatever the counselor feels like
C) organizing evidence-based theories to create a template for treatment
D) careful thinking and weighing of integrating theories and approaches

Accepted Answer

The answer of Syncretism refers to _________________________________________.
A) combining philosophies that...

Question 14

All of the following are ways to conceptualize the philosophy of an approach EXCEPT:
A) its concept of truth and reality.
B) the nature of the counseling relationship.
C) the role of the counselor in the change process.
D) the cultural context from which the counselor comes.

Accepted Answer

The cultural context from which the counselor comes is not a common way to conceptualize the philosophy of an approach. The other three choices - concept of truth and reality, nature of the counseling relationship, and role of the counselor in the change process - are common ways to conceptualize a counseling approach's philosophy.

Question 15

All of the following are schools with the post-modern philosophical approach EXCEPT:
A) constructivism.
B) social-constructivism.
C) structuralism/postconstructuralism.
D) individualism.

Accepted Answer

The other three choices (constructivism, social-constructivism, and structuralism/postconstructuralism) are all examples of post-modern philosophical approaches, while individualism is not typically associated with post-modernism.

Question 16

Models that provide an organized template for integrating theories that incorporate evidence-based practices and target appropriate treatment for a specific client are referred to as __________________________.
A) common factors approach
B) theoretical integration
C) systemic treatment selection
D) evidence-based approaches

Accepted Answer

Models that provide an organized template for integrating theories that incorporate evidence-based practices and target appropriate treatment for a specific client are referred to as theoretical integration. The other options (A, C, and D) do not fully capture the idea of a systematic and organized approach to integrating theories and evidence-based practices.

Question 17

The author identifies four philosophical schools.What are they?
A) Purism, phenomenological, systemic, postmodern
B) Psychodynamic, cognitive-behavioral, systemic, narrative
C) Modernism, phenomenological, systemic, postmodern
D) Theoretical, philosophical, behavioral, emotional

Accepted Answer

The four philosophical schools identified are Modernism, Phenomenological, Systemic, and Postmodern, which are broad categories that encompass various philosophical approaches and theories.

Question 18

From the perspective of the _______________ approach,the truth is contextual and the counseling relationship is an empathic one in which the counselor serves to participate in the system in order to "perturb" it so that it can reorganize itself.
A) modernism
B) post-modernism
C) systemic
D) phenomenological

Accepted Answer

The systemic approach emphasizes the interconnectedness of individuals and their environment, and the importance of understanding the system as a whole in order to facilitate change.

Question 19

Some counselors draw techniques from multiple approaches with more concern for identifying interventions likely to work for the client than concern for theoretical principles.This is referred to as _____________________________.
A) common factors
B) assimilative integration
C) systemic treatment selection
D) technical eclecticism

Accepted Answer

Technical eclecticism refers to the process of drawing techniques from multiple theories and approaches in order to identify interventions that are most suitable for the client. The approach prioritizes selecting techniques and interventions based on their effectiveness rather than adherence to theoretical principles.

Question 20

From the perspective of the _______________ approach,there are multiple,coexisting truths and the role of the counselor is as nonexpert and coconstuctor of meaning,in which the counselor serves to facilitate dialogue in which the client can construct new meaning and interpretations.
A) modernism
B) post-modernism
C) systemic
D) phenomenological

Accepted Answer

The post-modernism approach emphasizes the idea that there are multiple, coexisting truths and that the counselor should serve as a non-expert co-constructor of meaning. The counselor's role is to facilitate dialogue where the client can construct new meanings and interpretations, which aligns with the description given in the question.

Quiz 15: Introduction to Theoretical Integration

_____________ is a process of borrowing from more than one theory.

From the perspective of the _______________ approach,the truth is subjective and the counseling relationship is an empathic one in which the counselor serves to create contexts that support the natural process of self-actualization.

Which of the following statements best exemplifies skillful integration practices.

It is likely that an unplanned approach of integration or eclecticism will result in the counselor doing what he/she feels like with little understanding of how or why.

Most evidence-based treatments use _________________ to combine two or more theories into a single coherent theoretical model to improve or expand the potentials each theory may have alone.

Within the systems approach,a distinction is made between _ and ____ which influenced systemic practices into those that lean more toward finding an objective truth and those in which counselor and client coconstruct rules for establishing truth.

Maricella,a counselor for 15 years,has chosen to incorporate the core conditions of person-centered counseling to build relationships and solution-generating questions from solution-focused counseling to generate hope.This is an example of ______________.

From the perspective of the _______________ approach,there is an external,knowable "truth" and the counseling relationship is hierarchical in which the counselor serves to teach and guide clients in better ways of being.

Carlos,a narrative therapist for 9 years,at times integrates practices from other approaches in order to broaden intervention options that may work for his client,but remains essentially narrative in his approach.This is referred to as _______________.

The combining of two or more theories into a coherent approach is called _______________________.

All of the following are types of integration EXCEPT:

Regarding integration,it requires _______________________ than using a single theoretical model and should be approached carefully and thoughtfully.

Syncretism refers to _________________________________________.

All of the following are ways to conceptualize the philosophy of an approach EXCEPT:

All of the following are schools with the post-modern philosophical approach EXCEPT:

Models that provide an organized template for integrating theories that incorporate evidence-based practices and target appropriate treatment for a specific client are referred to as __________________________.

The author identifies four philosophical schools.What are they?

From the perspective of the _______________ approach,the truth is contextual and the counseling relationship is an empathic one in which the counselor serves to participate in the system in order to "perturb" it so that it can reorganize itself.

Some counselors draw techniques from multiple approaches with more concern for identifying interventions likely to work for the client than concern for theoretical principles.This is referred to as _____________________________.

From the perspective of the _______________ approach,there are multiple,coexisting truths and the role of the counselor is as nonexpert and coconstuctor of meaning,in which the counselor serves to facilitate dialogue in which the client can construct new meaning and interpretations.