Question 1

_____ means the capacity for change.
A) Elasticity
B) Plasticity
C) Contextuality
D) Tenacity

Accepted Answer

Plasticity refers to the ability to change or adapt in response to different situations or stimuli. It is often used to describe the brain's ability to reorganize and form new neural connections in response to learning or injury. Elasticity, on the other hand, refers to the ability to return to its original shape or size after being stretched or compressed. Contextuality refers to the way in which something is related to its surrounding environment or context, while tenacity refers to persistence or determination in the face of difficulty.

Question 2

Dr.Tepper-Harmon believes that life-span development cannot be studied without considering biological,socioemotional,and cognitive dimensions.Dr.Tepper-Harmon believes that development is:
A) lifelong.
B) contextual.
C) multidimensional.
D) plastic.

Accepted Answer

Dr.Tepper-Harmon believes that development is multidimensional, which means that it involves biological, socioemotional, and cognitive aspects. Additionally, the other options (lifelong, contextual, and plastic) are all true aspects of life-span development, but they do not fully encompass the multidimensional nature of development that Dr.Tepper-Harmon emphasizes.

Question 3

By age 51,most women enter menopause.This is an example of how a biological process can exert a _____ influence on development.
A) normative history-graded
B) nonnormative multidirectional
C) normative age-graded
D) nonnormative age-graded

Accepted Answer

The fact that most women enter menopause around age 51 is an example of a normative age-graded influence on development, meaning it is a typical and expected biological process that occurs at a certain age for most individuals.

Question 4

Life expectancy in the United States has increased by _____ years during the twentieth century.
A) 20
B) 10
C) 30
D) 50

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, life expectancy in the United States increased by approximately 30 years during the twentieth century.

Question 5

Two developmental psychologists are having a conversation.One believes in the traditional approach of developmental change,whereas the other believes in the life-span approach.The two are most likely differ on:
A) whether developmental change starts at birth or at conception.
B) whether the tabula rasa or the innate goodness positions were correct.
C) whether most developmental change occurs from birth to adolescence or throughout adulthood as well as childhood.
D) whether the earlier theorists,such as Freud and Jung,were correct or whether the later theorists such as Piaget and Skinner were correct about developmental change.

Accepted Answer

The traditional approach focuses on the idea that most developmental change occurs from birth to adolescence, whereas the life-span approach emphasizes that development occurs throughout the entire lifespan, including adulthood. Therefore, the two psychologists are most likely to differ on this aspect of developmental change. The other options (A, B, and D) are not necessarily related to the traditional approach versus the life-span approach.

Question 6

The idea that no age period dominates development highlights the life-span perspective that development is:
A) plastic.
B) contextual.
C) multidimensional.
D) lifelong.

Accepted Answer

The life-span perspective emphasizes that development is lifelong, meaning that no single age period is more important than another in terms of development. This perspective views development as a continuous process that occurs throughout the entire lifespan, from birth to death.

Question 7

Many individuals become wiser as they age,but their performance on tasks that require speed in processing information starts to decline.This illustrates how throughout life,some dimensions or components of a dimension expand and others shrink,or how development is:
A) plastic.
B) contextual.
C) multidisciplinary.
D) multidirectional.

Accepted Answer

The statement "some dimensions or components of a dimension expand and others shrink" suggests that development is multidirectional, meaning that different aspects of development can progress or decline over time.

Question 8

Tzu-Chiang is 55 years old and is currently enrolled in a college algebra course.He is pleasantly surprised that he is performing well in the course despite not taking a formal math class for over 30 years.Researchers would consider this an instance that illustrates how development is:
A) plastic.
B) multidisciplinary.
C) lifelong.
D) contextual.

Accepted Answer

This situation demonstrates that Tzu-Chiang's ability to learn math is plastic, meaning that it can be affected by experiences and can change over time. Despite not having taken a math class for over 30 years, he is still able to perform well in his current algebra course, indicating that his ability to learn math is not fixed but can be shaped by his current experiences.

Question 9

The life expectancy in the United States is currently:
A) 60 years.
B) 78 years.
C) 85 years.
D) 53 years.

Accepted Answer

The life expectancy in the United States as of 2021 is approximately 78 years. This means that on average, a person born in the United States can expect to live for 78 years.

Question 10

When taking his psychology class,Professor Sharma emphasizes that developmental change occurs throughout adulthood as well as childhood.Professor Sharma is taking a(n)_____ approach to developmental change.
A) life-span
B) evolutionary
C) normative
D) constructivist

Accepted Answer

A life-span approach to developmental change recognizes that development occurs across the entire lifespan, not just in childhood. This approach takes into account biopsychosocial factors, cultural differences, and historical changes that may influence development. Professor Sharma's emphasis on developmental change in adulthood aligns with the life-span approach.

Question 11

On your first day of class,Professor Red-Elk claims that for too long we have focused on the development of young children,especially infants.She argues that the development of adults and elderly people is just as important.This professor is articulating a(n)_____ approach.
A) evolutionary
B) constructivist
C) normative
D) life-span

Accepted Answer

The professor is advocating for a life-span approach, which emphasizes the study of human development from conception through old age. This approach recognizes that development occurs throughout the entire lifespan and not just during childhood.

Question 12

Influences that generally affect a generation (for example,the effect of the Vietnam war on the baby boomers)are considered _____ influences.
A) nonnormative multidirectional
B) normative age-graded
C) nonnormative age-graded
D) normative history-graded

Accepted Answer

Normative history-graded influences are events that affect an entire generation or cohort, such as wars, technological advances, natural disasters, or economic downturns. The impact of these events can shape people's attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors throughout their lives, creating a common experience that distinguishes them from other generations. The Vietnam War is an example of a normative history-graded influence that affected the baby boomer generation. Nonnormative multidirectional influences refer to unique events or experiences that happen to an individual, such as winning the lottery or experiencing a traumatic event. Normative age-graded influences are predictable changes that occur at certain ages, such as puberty, menopause, or retirement. Nonnormative age-graded influences are unexpected changes that happen at a certain age, such as being diagnosed with an illness or losing a job.

Question 13

The _____ approach to the study of development emphasizes extensive change from birth to adolescence,especially during infancy,little or no change in adulthood,and decline in old age.
A) prescriptive
B) constructivist
C) traditional
D) evolutionary

Accepted Answer

This approach is known as the traditional approach, which views development as a series of stages, with clear endpoints and little room for individual variation. It assumes that development is largely predetermined by biology and genetics and that environmental factors play a relatively minor role. This approach has been criticized for its narrow focus on childhood and lack of attention to the complexities of adult development.

Question 14

The maximum life span of humans:
A) has increased over time.
B) has not changed since the beginning of recorded history.
C) has matched their life expectancy in recent times.
D) is about 65 years as the first decade of the twenty-first century draws to a close.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The maximum life span of humans:
A) has...

Question 15

Psychologists,sociologists,anthropologists,neuroscientists,and medical researchers all share an interest in unlocking the mysteries of development through the life span.This indicates how development is:
A) multidirectional.
B) plastic.
C) multidisciplinary.
D) multidimensional.

Accepted Answer

The fact that professionals from different fields are interested in studying human development suggests that development is multidisciplinary.

Question 16

_____ include biological processes such as puberty and menopause.They also include sociocultural,environmental processes such as beginning formal education and retirement.
A) Normative age-graded influences
B) Normative history-graded influences
C) Normative life events
D) Nonnormative life events

Accepted Answer

Normative age-graded influences are typical events or transitions that occur at certain ages and are influenced by biological, sociocultural, and environmental factors. Examples of normative age-graded influences include puberty, menopause, beginning formal education, and retirement. Normative history-graded influences refer to events or experiences that are common to a particular cohort or generation, while nonnormative life events are unique or atypical experiences that may have a major impact on an individual's life.

Question 17

If you subscribe to Paul Baltes' perspective of life-span development,which of the following statements would you NOT agree with?
A) Development is lifelong
B) Development is unidirectional
C) Development is plastic
D) Development is contextual

Accepted Answer

Paul Baltes' perspective of life-span development emphasizes multidirectionality, meaning that development can occur in various domains and can involve growth as well as decline. Therefore, he does not subscribe to the idea that development is unidirectional, which implies a one-way trajectory of growth or decline in a specific domain.

Question 18

"You can't teach an old dog new tricks".This old saying refutes Paul Baltes' life-span perspective that views development as being:
A) plastic.
B) multidisciplinary.
C) lifelong.
D) contextual.

Accepted Answer

The saying implies that once an individual reaches a certain age, they are no longer capable of learning or developing new skills or abilities, which goes against the idea of development being plastic, or malleable, throughout the lifespan.

Question 19

"Individuals are changing beings in a changing world".Which characteristic of development is reflected in this statement?
A) Development is multidisciplinary
B) Development is contextual
C) Development is multidimensional
D) Development is multidirectional

Accepted Answer

This statement reflects that development is contextual, meaning it occurs within a set of circumstances or environment that influences the individual's growth and change.

Question 20

Development can be defined as the pattern of movement or change that:
A) begins at childhood and continues until adulthood.
B) begins at conception and continues until adulthood.
C) begins at birth and continues through the human life span.
D) begins at conception and continues through the human life span.

Accepted Answer

Development begins at conception when the zygote forms and continues through the human life span, involving growth, maturation, and adaptation to new situations and challenges. Development is not limited to childhood or a specific age range, but a lifelong process.

Quiz 1: Introduction

_____ means the capacity for change.

Dr.Tepper-Harmon believes that life-span development cannot be studied without considering biological,socioemotional,and cognitive dimensions.Dr.Tepper-Harmon believes that development is:

By age 51,most women enter menopause.This is an example of how a biological process can exert a _____ influence on development.

Life expectancy in the United States has increased by _____ years during the twentieth century.

Two developmental psychologists are having a conversation.One believes in the traditional approach of developmental change,whereas the other believes in the life-span approach.The two are most likely differ on:

The idea that no age period dominates development highlights the life-span perspective that development is:

Many individuals become wiser as they age,but their performance on tasks that require speed in processing information starts to decline.This illustrates how throughout life,some dimensions or components of a dimension expand and others shrink,or how development is:

Tzu-Chiang is 55 years old and is currently enrolled in a college algebra course.He is pleasantly surprised that he is performing well in the course despite not taking a formal math class for over 30 years.Researchers would consider this an instance that illustrates how development is:

The life expectancy in the United States is currently:

When taking his psychology class,Professor Sharma emphasizes that developmental change occurs throughout adulthood as well as childhood.Professor Sharma is taking a(n) _____ approach to developmental change.

On your first day of class,Professor Red-Elk claims that for too long we have focused on the development of young children,especially infants.She argues that the development of adults and elderly people is just as important.This professor is articulating a(n) _____ approach.

Influences that generally affect a generation (for example,the effect of the Vietnam war on the baby boomers) are considered _____ influences.

The _____ approach to the study of development emphasizes extensive change from birth to adolescence,especially during infancy,little or no change in adulthood,and decline in old age.

The maximum life span of humans:

Psychologists,sociologists,anthropologists,neuroscientists,and medical researchers all share an interest in unlocking the mysteries of development through the life span.This indicates how development is:

_____ include biological processes such as puberty and menopause.They also include sociocultural,environmental processes such as beginning formal education and retirement.

If you subscribe to Paul Baltes' perspective of life-span development,which of the following statements would you NOT agree with?

"You can't teach an old dog new tricks".This old saying refutes Paul Baltes' life-span perspective that views development as being:

"Individuals are changing beings in a changing world".Which characteristic of development is reflected in this statement?

Development can be defined as the pattern of movement or change that: