Question 1

Jackson,age 7,separates all of his toys into groups.All the stuffed animals go in one basket,books go on a low shelf,and trucks are lined up in the corner.According to Piaget,Jackson has learned the concept of
A)conservation.
B)organization.
C)classification.
D)neatness.

Accepted Answer

Jackson has learned the concept of classification by categorizing his toys into different groups based on their shared characteristics.

Question 2

Which of the following concepts has been attributed to Jean Piaget?
A)children as active knowers
B)adaptation
C)use of schemes to organize our experiences
D)All of these choices are correct

Accepted Answer

All three concepts - children as active knowers, adaptation, and use of schemes to organize our experiences - have been attributed to Jean Piaget.

Question 3

Sandra has begun to test her reasoning against her experience;she uses accommodation to adjust to the many cognitive changes that she encounters.Sandra is in the stage of
A)early formal operational thought.
B)late formal operational thought.
C)middle formal operational thought.
D)early concrete operational thought.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sandra has begun to test her reasoning...

Question 4

Tom always calls his grandfather when he wants some help figuring out a difficult problem in his life.Paul Baltes would say that Tom is seeking his grandfather's
A)practicality.
B)provisional knowledge.
C)wisdom.
D)favor.

Accepted Answer

According to Paul Baltes' theory of wisdom, wisdom involves using practical knowledge and life experiences to solve difficult problems and make good decisions. Tom is seeking his grandfather's guidance based on the assumption that he has accumulated a store of practical knowledge and life experiences that qualify him to provide wisdom.

Question 5

Which of the following statements regarding formal operational thought is TRUE?
A)Formal operational thought emerges at 15-18 years of age.
B)Formal operational thought is more abstract than concrete operational thought.
C)Formal operational thought considers only that which is real.
D)Formal operational thought is less logical than concrete operational thought.

Accepted Answer

Formal operational thought is more abstract than concrete operational thought. It involves the ability to think logically about abstract concepts and hypothetical situations, and it typically emerges around 12 years of age and continues developing through adolescence and into adulthood. Therefore, option A is incorrect. Formal operational thought expands beyond what is real and considers hypothetical situations, so option C is incorrect. Finally, formal operational thought is more logical than concrete operational thought, so option D is incorrect.

Question 6

What would happen if children in grades three and four were introduced to algebraic equations?
A)They would be able to solve simple algebraic equations with support.
B)They would lack the logical reasoning skills needed to solve algebraic equations.
C)They would lack the hypothetical-deductive reasoning skills needed to solve algebraic equations.
D)They would not be able to think concretely enough to solve algebraic equations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What would happen if children in grades...

Question 7

"Thinking about thinking" is known as
A)metacognition.
B)meta-analysis.
C)assimilation.
D)accommodation.

Accepted Answer

"Thinking about thinking" is the definition of metacognition. Therefore, the correct answer is choice A. Meta-analysis is a statistical technique used to combine the results of multiple studies. Assimilation and accommodation are concepts in Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Question 8

Postformal thought is
A)reflective.
B)realistic.
C)contextual.
D)All of these choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Postformal thought is characterized by a combination of reflective, realistic, and contextual thinking, therefore all choices are correct. Postformal thinkers are able to reflect on their own beliefs and values, consider multiple perspectives, and apply knowledge to real-world situations. They also recognize that knowledge and understanding are shaped by historical and cultural contexts.

Question 9

Criticisms of Piaget's theory include all of the following EXCEPT
A)Some cognitive abilities have been found to emerge earlier than Piaget thought.
B)Some cognitive abilities have been found to emerge later than Piaget thought.
C)Adolescent cognitive development is more stage-like than Piaget thought.
D)Evidence does not support Piaget's views of development of abstract thinking.

Accepted Answer

Piaget's theory stated that adolescent cognitive development is more gradual and continuous rather than stage-like. However, some research has suggested that there are distinct stages in adolescent cognitive development, which contradicts Piaget's theory. Therefore, C is the correct answer, as A, B, and D are all criticisms that have been raised against Piaget's theory.

Question 10

Harry,age 24,was denied admission to graduate school because of a low grade point average.Harry is unwilling to accept this decision and plans to appeal based on the fact that he missed almost one semester of school due to illness.Harry's thinking is typical of someone in
A)formal operational thought.
B)postformal thought.
C)subjective operational thought.
D)None of these choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Harry's willingness to challenge the decision and consider alternative factors (such as his illness) suggests that he is engaging in postformal thought, which involves a more flexible and pragmatic approach to problem-solving and decision-making. Formal operational thought, on the other hand, tends to be more rigid and focused on abstract reasoning, while subjective operational thought is not a recognized stage of cognitive development.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about Labouvie-Vief's view of cognitive development is NOT true?
A)Emerging adults' level of education influences how they maximize their cognitive potential.
B)Deciding on a particular worldview is a key aspect of cognitive development in emerging adults.
C)Most emerging adults have attained the highest level of thinking.
D)Emerging adults need to acknowledge diverse world views.

Accepted Answer

Labouvie-Vief does not believe that most emerging adults have already attained the highest level of thinking. Instead, she argues that cognitive development is an ongoing process that can continue throughout adulthood.

Question 12

A graduate student gives a lecture on the research concerning individual differences that characterize the cognitive development of adolescents.Which of the following information that she gives to her audience is NOT true?
A)"Most eighth graders are formal operational thinkers."
B)"The data on whether or not formal operational thought increases with age is inconclusive."
C)"There is great variation among adolescents in the use of formal operational thought."
D)"By late adolescence,many youth are using formal operational thought more than concrete operational thought."

Accepted Answer

Most eighth graders are not formal operational thinkers. Formal operational thought typically emerges during early adolescence (around age 12) and is not fully developed until late adolescence (around age 17-18). Therefore, it is unlikely that most eighth graders have reached formal operational thought.

Question 13

Donnie,age 16,is able to understand that a poem has another,less literal meaning and that the words are actually referring to life choices instead of paths in a forest.Donnie is in Piaget's _____ stage of cognitive development.
A)sensorimotor
B)preoperational thought
C)concrete operations
D)formal operations

Accepted Answer

Donnie's ability to understand that a poem has a deeper, abstract meaning shows that he has developed abstract reasoning skills, which are a hallmark of Piaget's formal operations stage of cognitive development.

Question 14

Teachers can help children to learn the concept of _____ by demonstrating with liquids or clay during the _____ stage of cognitive development.
A)conservation;sensorimotor
B)assimilation;preoperational thought
C)relativity;concrete operational thought
D)conservation;concrete operational thought

Accepted Answer

The concept of conservation, which is the understanding that the amount of an object or substance remains the same even if its shape or appearance changes, is typically mastered during the concrete operational stage of cognitive development. During this stage, children are able to think logically and understand concrete concepts. Teachers can use concrete materials like liquids or clay to help children learn this concept. Therefore, the correct answer is D – conservation; concrete operational thought.

Question 15

Expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life,that permits excellent judgment about important matters,is known as
A)wisdom.
B)focused expertise.
C)street-smarts.
D)All of these choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Wisdom encompasses both focused expertise and street-smarts, but also goes beyond them to include a deeper understanding of the nature of the world and the human condition. Therefore, "wisdom" is the best choice to describe expert knowledge about practical aspects of life that permits excellent judgment about important matters.

Question 16

Neo-Piagetians focus on
A)strategies that children and adolescents use to process information.
B)how fast children and adolescents process information.
C)how children and adolescents divide problems into smaller steps.
D)All of these choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Neo-Piagetians focus on strategies that children and adolescents use to process information, how fast children and adolescents process information, and how children and adolescents divide problems into smaller steps. Therefore, all of these choices are correct.

Question 17

Faith,age 16,and Maura,age 26,are likely to differ in their cognitive abilities.Which of the following differences is MOST likely?
A)Maura will be more idealistic in her thinking than Faith.
B)Faith is more likely than Maura to view the world in absolute terms.
C)Faith will be more realistic in her thinking than Maura.
D)Maura will view the world more narrowly than Faith.

Accepted Answer

Based on research, younger adolescents tend to view the world in more absolute terms and are less likely to consider shades of gray, while older individuals tend to have more nuanced and realistic thinking. Therefore, Faith is more likely than Maura to view the world in absolute terms.

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding wisdom is NOT true?
A)A high level of wisdom is common in middle-aged and older adults.
B)The main age for wisdom to emerge is late adolescence and early adulthood.
C)Life experiences contribute to higher levels of wisdom.
D)People higher in wisdom have values that center on others.

Accepted Answer

Wisdom is not necessarily common in middle-aged and older adults; it varies greatly among individuals and is not solely dependent on age.

Question 19

The dominant process in early formal operational thought is
A)adaptation.
B)accommodation.
C)analysis.
D)assimilation.

Accepted Answer

The dominant process in early formal operational thought is assimilation, which involves incorporating new information into existing mental structures or schema. It is the basis for the development of logical thinking and problem-solving skills, which are the hallmark of formal operational thought. While accommodation, adaptation, and analysis also play a role in cognitive development, they are not the primary process responsible for the emergence of formal operational thought.

Question 20

Robbie Case,a leading proponent of the neo-Piagetian view believes that,to understand adolescents' cognitive development,it is critical to study their ability to hold information in
A)long-term memory.
B)working memory.
C)the sensory register of memory.
D)None of these choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

According to the neo-Piagetian view, working memory is a key component of cognitive development. Robbie Case and other proponents of this view argue that the capacity and organization of working memory undergo important changes during adolescence, which have important implications for the way adolescents think and learn. Therefore, choice B is the best answer.

Quiz 3: The Brain and Cognitive Development

Jackson,age 7,separates all of his toys into groups.All the stuffed animals go in one basket,books go on a low shelf,and trucks are lined up in the corner.According to Piaget,Jackson has learned the concept of

Which of the following concepts has been attributed to Jean Piaget?

Sandra has begun to test her reasoning against her experience;she uses accommodation to adjust to the many cognitive changes that she encounters.Sandra is in the stage of

Tom always calls his grandfather when he wants some help figuring out a difficult problem in his life.Paul Baltes would say that Tom is seeking his grandfather's

Which of the following statements regarding formal operational thought is TRUE?

What would happen if children in grades three and four were introduced to algebraic equations?

"Thinking about thinking" is known as

Postformal thought is

Criticisms of Piaget's theory include all of the following EXCEPT

Harry,age 24,was denied admission to graduate school because of a low grade point average.Harry is unwilling to accept this decision and plans to appeal based on the fact that he missed almost one semester of school due to illness.Harry's thinking is typical of someone in

Which of the following statements about Labouvie-Vief's view of cognitive development is NOT true?

A graduate student gives a lecture on the research concerning individual differences that characterize the cognitive development of adolescents.Which of the following information that she gives to her audience is NOT true?

Donnie,age 16,is able to understand that a poem has another,less literal meaning and that the words are actually referring to life choices instead of paths in a forest.Donnie is in Piaget's _____ stage of cognitive development.

Teachers can help children to learn the concept of _ by demonstrating with liquids or clay during the _ stage of cognitive development.

Expert knowledge about the practical aspects of life,that permits excellent judgment about important matters,is known as

Neo-Piagetians focus on

Faith,age 16,and Maura,age 26,are likely to differ in their cognitive abilities.Which of the following differences is MOST likely?

Which of the following statements regarding wisdom is NOT true?

The dominant process in early formal operational thought is

Robbie Case,a leading proponent of the neo-Piagetian view believes that,to understand adolescents' cognitive development,it is critical to study their ability to hold information in