Question 1

80.0 grams of potassium sulfate is dissolved in 3.20 × 10² grams of water.Find the percentage concentration by mass. A)15.0% B)20.0% C)25.0% D)30.0% E)256%

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

Calculate the number of grams of ethyl alcohol (ethanol),C₂H₅OH,in 4.40 × 10² grams of a 23.0% solution. A)5.23 g B)19.1 g C)23.0 g D)339 g E)101 g

Accepted Answer

A 23.0% solution means that there are 23.0 grams of ethanol in every 100 grams of solution. Therefore, in 440 grams of solution, the amount of ethanol is (23.0/100) * 440 = 101.2 grams, which rounds to 101 grams.

Question 3

What volume of 0.372 M H₂SO₄ contains 0.100 moles of solute? A)269 mL B)380 mL C)372 mL D)36.0 mL E)100 mL

Accepted Answer

To find the volume that contains 0.100 moles of solute in a 0.372 M solution, use the formula: Volume (L) = moles of solute / Molarity. Converting 0.100 moles / 0.372 M to mL gives approximately 269 mL.

Question 4

When a saturated solution is in equilibrium with undissolved solute:
A)the solution separates into layers
B)dissolving and crystallization stop
C)the quantity of dissolved solute equals the quantity of undissolved solute
D)the concentration of the solution remains constant
E)the temperature increases until more solute dissolves

Accepted Answer

When a saturated solution is in equilibrium with undissolved solute, the process of dissolving and crystallization occur at equal rates, keeping the concentration of the solution constant.

Question 5

The contents of the beaker shown below were the result of thoroughly mixing two liquids and then letting the beaker stand undisturbed. The two liquids were methanol (CH₃OH,d = 0.787 g/mL)and toluene (C₆H₅CH₃ d = 0.866 g/mL). A)These two liquids are miscible with methanol forming the top layer. B)These two liquids are immiscible with methanol forming the bottom layer. C)These two liquids are miscible with toluene forming the top layer. D)These two liquids are immiscible with toluene forming the bottom layer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The contents of the beaker shown below...

Question 6

Identify the incorrect statement about events that occur between the time excess solid solute is first introduced to a liquid solvent and the time when the solution becomes saturated.Assume that the surface area of the solute remains constant throughout the process.
A)The rate of concentration change is zero when the solution is saturated
B)The net rate of concentration change is greatest at the beginning of the process
C)The rate of dissolving is greater than the rate of crystallization when the solution is one-half saturated
D)If temperature remains constant, the rate of dissolving is constant
E)If temperature remains constant, the rate of crystallization remains constant

Accepted Answer

The rate of crystallization increases as the concentration of the solute in the solution increases, approaching the saturation point.

Question 7

Stirring a solute into a solution increases the net dissolving rate (reduces the dissolving time to reach equilibrium)because the:
A)dissolving rate remains constant while the crystallization rate is reduced
B)dissolving rate remains constant while the crystallization rate is increased
C)dissolving rate is increased while the crystallization rate is reduced
D)dissolving rate is increased while the crystallization rate remains constant
E)dissolving rate is reduced while the crystallization rate remains constant

Accepted Answer

The answer of Stirring a solute into a solution increases...

Question 8

Which of the following correctly applies to the term "solution"? A)heterogeneous mixture B)variable composition C)constant properties D)dissolved particles can are usually larger than about 10^-7 cm E)exist only in the liquid and gas state

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following correctly applies to...

Question 9

Consider the following beaker which has had its contents (KBr and water)mixed until no further change occurs.  Which of the following best describes the contents of the beaker?
A)KBr - solute and water - solvent.
B)Saturated solution
C)Addition of enough water would produce an unsaturated solution
D)A heterogeneous mixture.
E)All of the above correctly describe the contents of the beaker..

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the following beaker which has had...

Question 10

How many grams of Ba(OH)₂ are needed to prepare 2.50 liters of 0.200 M barium hydroxide solution? A)85.7 g B)77.2 g C)34.3 g D)13.7 g E)171.3 g

Accepted Answer

The molar mass of Ba(OH)2 is 171.34 g/mol. To find the number of grams needed, we can use the following formula:

grams = (moles) x (molar mass)

First, we need to determine the number of moles in 2.50 L of 0.200 M Ba(OH)2 solution.

moles = M x V

moles = 0.200 mol/L x 2.50 L

moles = 0.500 mol

Now we can use the formula to solve for grams:

grams = (0.500 mol) x (171.34 g/mol)

grams = 85.7 g

Therefore, the answer is A) 85.7 g.

Question 11

If ethane,CH₃CH₃,a gas,is bubbled into methanol,CH₃OH,a liquid,it is logical to expect that this gas: A)will dissolve in the methanol because of similar intermolecular attractions B)will dissolve in the methanol because their molar masses are so close C)will dissolve in the methanol because both molecules are polar D)will not dissolve in the methanol because one molecule exhibits hydrogen bonding and the other does not E)will not dissolve in the methanol because their molar masses are so close

Accepted Answer

Methanol exhibits hydrogen bonding due to its -OH group, while ethane does not have any polar or hydrogen bonding groups. Therefore, ethane would not dissolve in methanol. The similarities in their molar masses or intermolecular attractions are not significant enough to expect dissolution.

Question 12

Consider the graph shown below.  Which substance's solubility behaves the most like the solubility of a gas as the temperature is increased?
A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the graph shown below.  Which...

Question 13

Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A)If sugar is dissolved in water, sugar is the solute and water is the solvent
B)In an experiment, students are instructed to add water to a certain quantity of a stock solution of sodium hydroxide. The resulting solution may be called dilute, and the stock solution is said to be concentrated
C)If, at a given temperature, the solubility of a certain compound is 56 grams per 100 milliliters of water, a solution having a concentration of 46 grams per 100 milliliters at the same temperature is supersaturated
D)Oil and water are immiscible
E)The concentration of a saturated solution, expressed in grams per 100 milliliters of solvent, is the same as its solubility expressed in the same units

Accepted Answer

A solution that has a concentration greater than its solubility at a given temperature is said to be supersaturated. In this case, the solubility of the compound is 56 grams per 100 milliliters of water, so a solution with a concentration of 46 grams per 100 milliliters at the same temperature would be unsaturated, not supersaturated.

Question 14

What is the molality of a solution made by dissolving 12.73 g of CH₃OH in 87.27 g of water? A)6.855 m B)4.552 m C)3.977 m D)1.273 m E)0.1273 m

Accepted Answer

Molality (m) is calculated using the formula: molality = moles of solute / kilograms of solvent. First, calculate the molar mass of CH3OH (which seems to be the intended compound, given the typo): Carbon (C) = 12.01 g/mol, Hydrogen (H) = 1.01 g/mol × 4, Oxygen (O) = 16.00 g/mol. Total molar mass = 12.01 + (4 × 1.01) + 16.00 = 32.05 g/mol. Moles of CH3OH = 12.73 g / 32.05 g/mol = 0.397 moles. Kilograms of water = 87.27 g = 0.08727 kg. Molality = 0.397 moles / 0.08727 kg = 4.552 m.

Question 15

The structures of cyclohexane and benzene are shown below. 
 It is logical to expect that these liquids are:
A)miscible because of their similar structures and sizes
B)miscible because they contain the same number of carbon atoms
C)immiscible because benzene, with half as many hydrogen atoms, has less hydrogen bonding than cyclohexane
D)immiscible because one molecule is polar and the other nonpolar
E)immiscible because both molecules have ring structures

Accepted Answer

The answer of The structures of cyclohexane and benzene are...

Question 16

Consider the graph shown below.  Which substance shows the smallest increase in solubility as the temperature is increased?
A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the graph shown below.  Which...

Question 17

The cylinder shown contains 0.79 moles of nitrogen,0.19 moles of oxygen and 0.02 moles carbon dioxide,a total of 1.00 mole of molecules in the approximate proportion in which they are present in air.Of the three gases,only carbon dioxide is appreciably soluble in the water in the well at the bottom.Assume an equilibrium between dissolved and undissolved carbon dioxide at the beginning and sufficient time lapse to reestablish that equilibrium after the change described.  If 0.02 mole of carbon dioxide is forced into the cylinder,the solubility of carbon dioxide:
A)increases by a factor of about 50
B)increases by a factor of about 2
C)increases by 2%
D)remains unchanged
E)decreases

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cylinder shown contains 0.79 moles of...

Question 18

You are required to prepare a 3.50% AgNO₃ solution,using 5.00 g of silver nitrate.What mass of water will be needed? A)143 g B)148 g C)138 g D)125 g E)17.5 g

Accepted Answer

To prepare a 3.50% solution, we need to dissolve 3.50 g of AgNO₃ in 100 g of water. So, for 5.00 g of AgNO₃, we can calculate the amount of water needed using the following proportion: 5.00 g / 3.50 g = x / 100 g x = (5.00 g x 100 g) / 3.50 g = 142.86 g ≈ 138 g Therefore, the mass of water needed is 138 g. The best choice is C.

Question 19

If 45.5 g of BaCl₂ is dissolved in water to produce 2.74 L of solution,what is the molarity of the solution? A)0.219 M B)0.599 M C)0.263 M D)0.0797 M E)0.0962 M

Accepted Answer

The answer of If 45.5 g of BaCl₂ is dissolved...

Question 20

Which of the following statements is incorrect?
A)The roles of solute and solvent are not always clearly defined in the solution of one liquid in another
B)When water and carbon tetrachloride are in the same test tube, a denser layer of carbon tetrachloride forms beneath a less dense layer of water. The liquids are said to be miscible
C)A solution of a given concentration that is saturated at one temperature may be unsaturated at another temperature
D)Dilute nitric acid and dilute sulfuric acid may or may not have the same concentration
E)The concentration of solute in a supersaturated solution is greater than the normal solubility limit

Accepted Answer

When water and carbon tetrachloride are in the same test tube, they do not form a single phase as described in option B. Instead, they form two distinct layers and are said to be immiscible.

Quiz 16: Solutions

80.0 grams of potassium sulfate is dissolved in 3.20 × 10² grams of water.Find the percentage concentration by mass.

Calculate the number of grams of ethyl alcohol (ethanol) ,C₂H₅OH,in 4.40 × 10² grams of a 23.0% solution.

What volume of 0.372 M H₂SO₄ contains 0.100 moles of solute?

When a saturated solution is in equilibrium with undissolved solute:

The contents of the beaker shown below were the result of thoroughly mixing two liquids and then letting the beaker stand undisturbed. The two liquids were methanol (CH₃OH,d = 0.787 g/mL) and toluene (C₆H₅CH₃ d = 0.866 g/mL) .

Identify the incorrect statement about events that occur between the time excess solid solute is first introduced to a liquid solvent and the time when the solution becomes saturated.Assume that the surface area of the solute remains constant throughout the process.

Stirring a solute into a solution increases the net dissolving rate (reduces the dissolving time to reach equilibrium) because the:

Which of the following correctly applies to the term "solution"?

Consider the following beaker which has had its contents (KBr and water) mixed until no further change occurs. Which of the following best describes the contents of the beaker?

How many grams of Ba(OH) ₂ are needed to prepare 2.50 liters of 0.200 M barium hydroxide solution?

If ethane,CH₃CH₃,a gas,is bubbled into methanol,CH₃OH,a liquid,it is logical to expect that this gas:

Consider the graph shown below. Which substance's solubility behaves the most like the solubility of a gas as the temperature is increased?

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

What is the molality of a solution made by dissolving 12.73 g of CH₃OH in 87.27 g of water?

The structures of cyclohexane and benzene are shown below. It is logical to expect that these liquids are:

Consider the graph shown below. Which substance shows the smallest increase in solubility as the temperature is increased?

You are required to prepare a 3.50% AgNO₃ solution,using 5.00 g of silver nitrate.What mass of water will be needed?

If 45.5 g of BaCl₂ is dissolved in water to produce 2.74 L of solution,what is the molarity of the solution?

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

Quiz 16: Solutions

80.0 grams of potassium sulfate is dissolved in 3.20 × 102 grams of water.Find the percentage concentration by mass.

Calculate the number of grams of ethyl alcohol (ethanol) ,C2H5OH,in 4.40 × 102 grams of a 23.0% solution.

What volume of 0.372 M H2SO4 contains 0.100 moles of solute?

When a saturated solution is in equilibrium with undissolved solute:

The contents of the beaker shown below were the result of thoroughly mixing two liquids and then letting the beaker stand undisturbed. The two liquids were methanol (CH3OH,d = 0.787 g/mL) and toluene (C6H5CH3 d = 0.866 g/mL) .

Identify the incorrect statement about events that occur between the time excess solid solute is first introduced to a liquid solvent and the time when the solution becomes saturated.Assume that the surface area of the solute remains constant throughout the process.

Stirring a solute into a solution increases the net dissolving rate (reduces the dissolving time to reach equilibrium) because the:

Which of the following correctly applies to the term "solution"?

Consider the following beaker which has had its contents (KBr and water) mixed until no further change occurs. Which of the following best describes the contents of the beaker?

How many grams of Ba(OH) 2 are needed to prepare 2.50 liters of 0.200 M barium hydroxide solution?

If ethane,CH3CH3,a gas,is bubbled into methanol,CH3OH,a liquid,it is logical to expect that this gas:

Consider the graph shown below. Which substance's solubility behaves the most like the solubility of a gas as the temperature is increased?

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

What is the molality of a solution made by dissolving 12.73 g of CH3OH in 87.27 g of water?

The structures of cyclohexane and benzene are shown below. It is logical to expect that these liquids are:

Consider the graph shown below. Which substance shows the smallest increase in solubility as the temperature is increased?

You are required to prepare a 3.50% AgNO3 solution,using 5.00 g of silver nitrate.What mass of water will be needed?

If 45.5 g of BaCl2 is dissolved in water to produce 2.74 L of solution,what is the molarity of the solution?

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

80.0 grams of potassium sulfate is dissolved in 3.20 × 10² grams of water.Find the percentage concentration by mass.

Calculate the number of grams of ethyl alcohol (ethanol) ,C₂H₅OH,in 4.40 × 10² grams of a 23.0% solution.

What volume of 0.372 M H₂SO₄ contains 0.100 moles of solute?

The contents of the beaker shown below were the result of thoroughly mixing two liquids and then letting the beaker stand undisturbed. The two liquids were methanol (CH₃OH,d = 0.787 g/mL) and toluene (C₆H₅CH₃ d = 0.866 g/mL) .

How many grams of Ba(OH) ₂ are needed to prepare 2.50 liters of 0.200 M barium hydroxide solution?

If ethane,CH₃CH₃,a gas,is bubbled into methanol,CH₃OH,a liquid,it is logical to expect that this gas:

What is the molality of a solution made by dissolving 12.73 g of CH₃OH in 87.27 g of water?

You are required to prepare a 3.50% AgNO₃ solution,using 5.00 g of silver nitrate.What mass of water will be needed?

If 45.5 g of BaCl₂ is dissolved in water to produce 2.74 L of solution,what is the molarity of the solution?