Question 1

Edentulous refers to
A) the final dentition period
B) a space maintainer
C) absence of teeth
D) unerupted third molars

Accepted Answer

Edentulous means that all teeth are missing.A space maintainer is an appliance utilized to preserve space for either premature loss of a deciduous tooth or loss of any tooth.Unerupted third molars are considered impacted if they remain embedded in bone or soft tissue and fail to erupt.

Question 2

Formation of teeth can be affected by nutritional deficiencies,fever,or childhood illnesses.While trauma to the dentition may delay eruption,it does not negatively impact formation of teeth.
A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
C) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Accepted Answer

Formation of teeth can be affected by many factors including nutritional deficiencies,fever,childhood illness,and trauma to the dentition.Not only may tooth formation be altered by these factors,formation or mineralization may also be stopped completely.

Question 3

Which choice best indicates the years of eruption for all of the premolars?
A) 8 to 10
B) 9 to 11
C) 10 to 12
D) 11 to 13

Accepted Answer

The first premolars erupt at 10 to 11 years of age.The second premolars erupt at 10 to 12 years of age with eruption of the maxillary teeth preceding the mandibular.This unique pattern is the most common exception to the rule that mandibular teeth erupt prior to their maxillary counterparts.

Question 4

Roots of primary teeth resorb and dissolve because odontoblasts destroy the surrounding bone.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct,but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct,but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Accepted Answer

The initial statement accurately describes steps in the exfoliation of primary teeth.The reasoning provided is incorrect because odontoblasts are cells that form dentin.The cells that destroy surrounding bone during exfoliation of primary teeth are osteoclasts.Note that "blasts" are formative cells whereas "clasts" are destructive cells.

Question 5

Exfoliation is the process by which the roots of a deciduous tooth are pushed together by the calcification process.Resorption is the phenomenon where osteoblasts destroy the roots of primary teeth.
A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
C) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Accepted Answer

Exfoliation is the process by which the roots of a primary (deciduous)tooth are resorbed and dissolved until so little root remains that the primary tooth falls out.As a permanent tooth erupts,bone-destructive osteoclasts destroy the root of the deciduous tooth.This process is called resorption.Note that "clasts" are destructive cells whereas "blasts" are formative cells.

Question 6

Maxillary molars have three major buccal cusps because the third buccal cusp develops from the lobe of Carabelli.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct,but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct,but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Accepted Answer

Maxillary molars have two major buccal cusps.The lobe,or cusp,of Carabelli is a small cusp-like elevation that develops into a tubercle.Most often seen on maxillary first molars,the cusp of Carabelli is considered a rudimentary lobe and is located on the lingual surface of the mesiolingual cusp.

Question 7

A 15-month-old toddler would generally have (Select all that apply. )
A) central incisors
B) lateral incisors
C) canines
D) first molars
E) second molars

Accepted Answer

Deciduous central and lateral incisors typically erupt between 6.5 and 8 months.First molars typically erupt between 12 and 16 months.Regarding the incorrect selections,canines do not erupt until 16 to 21 months;they are followed by the second molars between the 21st and 13th months.Deciduous second molars are often called the 2-year-old molars.

Question 8

The rounded protuberances on the incisal edge of a newly erupted incisor are called
A) mamelons
B) developmental grooves
C) cusp tips
D) tooth buds
E) attrition

Accepted Answer

Mamelons,rounded protuberances on the incisal edge of a newly erupted incisor,are incisal ridges of the three labial developmental lobes.Regarding the incorrect selections,developmental grooves separate tooth lobes and are visible on erupted teeth as grooves separating cusps.Cusp tips are the most coronal and pointed aspect of a cusp.Tooth buds,also called tooth germs,are early cellular precursors to teeth.Attrition is the wearing away of tooth surface by contact with opposing tooth surfaces.

Question 9

Another name for wearing away of the tooth through contact with an opposing tooth is
A) exfoliation
B) attrition
C) impaction
D) resorption

Accepted Answer

Attrition is the wearing away of a tooth through contact of its functioning surfaces with an opposing tooth.Exfoliation is the process by which the roots of primary teeth are dissolved and resorbed.Impaction is a term descriptive of teeth that do not completely erupt but remain embedded in bone or soft tissue.Resorption,as it applies to exfoliation of teeth,is a phenomenon caused by osteoclastic cells,which destroy the roots of deciduous teeth.Note that "clasts" are destructive cells whereas "blasts" are formative cells.

Question 10

Small clumps of cells that will later form teeth are called
A) tooth germs
B) ameloblasts
C) lobes
D) tubercles

Accepted Answer

Tooth germs,which later form teeth,initially develop into growth centers and become developmental lobes.Ameloblasts are cells responsible for formation of enamel.Tubercles are cusp like elevations.

Question 11

The first deciduous teeth,the mandibular central incisors,erupt at approximately 6.5 to 7 months.The first permanent teeth,the maxillary premolars,erupt at approximately 6 years of age.
A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
C) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.
D) Both statements are false

Accepted Answer

The first deciduous teeth are the mandibular central incisors,which erupt at approximately 6.5 to 7 months.Approximately 1 month later,the maxillary central incisors become visible.The first permanent teeth to erupt are the mandibular first molars,followed by the maxillary first molars within a few weeks.These teeth are often called the 6-year molars because they erupt at approximately 6 years of age.The maxillary premolars do not erupt until approximately 10 to 11 years of age.

Question 12

Which of the following selections include teeth that should be present in the dentition of a 3-year-old child (Select all that apply. )?
A) Primary maxillary and mandibular canines
B) Primary maxillary and mandibular central incisors
C) Primary maxillary molars,but NOT primary mandibular molars
D) Primary mandibular central and lateral incisors,but NOT primary mandibular incisors
E) Primary mandibular and maxillary premolars

Accepted Answer

In a 3-year-old child all primary teeth should be present.Selections C and D are incorrect because they exclude primary teeth.Selection E is incorrect because the primary dentition does NOT have premolars.The primary dentition consists of 20 teeth comprised of incisors,canines,and molars.

Question 13

It is unusual for a 3-year-old child to have all 20 primary teeth because second molars do not typically erupt until 4 years of age.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct,but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct,but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Accepted Answer

Both the initial statement and the reason provided are incorrect because all 20 deciduous teeth typically erupt by the time a child is 2.5 years of age.The second molars,often the last teeth to erupt,are called the 2-year-old molars.Their eruption is considered a factor in the somewhat cantankerous attitude of 2-year-olds.

Question 14

Which is the last permanent incisor to erupt?
A) Maxillary central
B) Maxillary lateral
C) Mandibular central
D) Mandibular lateral

Accepted Answer

The first general rule concerning eruption is that individual mandibular teeth precede their maxillary counterparts.Eruption of central incisors precedes eruption of lateral incisors.Thus,the maxillary lateral incisor is the last permanent incisor to erupt.

Question 15

Bicuspid is not an accurate name for premolars.Premolars can have two,three,or four cusps.
A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
C) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Accepted Answer

The term bicuspid is reserved for teeth that actually have two cusps.Premolars can have two or three cusps.Although patterns vary,in general the maxillary first and second premolars as well as the mandibular first premolars have two cusps.The mandibular second premolars can have two or three cusps.

Question 16

Which of the following selections include teeth that should have erupted or may be in the process of eruption in the dentition of an 8-year-old child? (Select all that apply. )
A) All deciduous teeth
B) Permanent maxillary central and lateral incisors
C) Permanent maxillary and mandibular first molars
D) Permanent canines

Accepted Answer

The mixed dentition begins at about 6 years of age.The deciduous maxillary and mandibular central and lateral incisors will have been exfoliated in an 8-year-old child.At this age the central incisors of both arches should be present;the corresponding lateral incisors should be in the process of eruption.Permanent maxillary and mandibular first molars,appropriately called the 6-year molars,erupt at approximately 6 years of age.Permanent canines do not erupt until ages 9 to 12,with the mandibular canines preceding the maxillary.

Question 17

The most common exception to the rule of eruption that mandibular teeth precede eruption of maxillary teeth is the maxillary first premolar because this tooth often precedes eruption of its mandibular counterpart.
A) Both the statement and the reason are correct and related.
B) Both the statement and the reason are correct but are NOT related.
C) The statement is correct,but the reason is NOT correct.
D) The statement is NOT correct,but the reason is correct.
E) NEITHER the statement NOR the reason is correct.

Accepted Answer

Eruption of the maxillary first premolar often precedes eruption of the mandibular first premolar.This is in direct contradiction to the first general rule of tooth eruption,which states that mandibular teeth usually precede the maxillary teeth.

Question 18

An impacted tooth is one that has
A) not erupted fully
B) no tooth germs
C) less cusps or roots
D) to be extracted
E) A and C

Accepted Answer

Impacted teeth are those that do not completely erupt but remain embedded in bone or soft tissue.There are varying degrees of impaction.

Question 19

Permanent mandibular central incisors are the first succedaneous teeth to erupt.The earliest visible portion of an anterior tooth is the cusp of Carabelli,the name for the lingual lobe of mandibular central incisors.
A) Both statements are true.
B) The first statement is true;the second statement is false.
C) The first statement is false;the second statement is true.
D) Both statements are false.

Accepted Answer

Although the mandibular first molars are the first permanent teeth to erupt,they are NOT succedaneous because they do NOT replace primary teeth.It is important to remember that primary molars are replaced by permanent premolars.Therefore,the first succedaneous teeth to erupt are the permanent mandibular central incisors,which replace the primary mandibular central incisors.The cusp of Carabelli is a cusp like elevation located on the maxillary first molar and occasionally on the maxillary second molar.

Question 20

A 6-year-old has a space maintainer on the area of the deciduous mandibular left first molar.Which permanent tooth will erupt in the space?
A) First premolar
B) Second premolar
C) First molar
D) Second molar

Accepted Answer

Deciduous molars are replaced by permanent premolars.The deciduous mandibular left first molar will be replaced by the permanent mandibular left first premolar.A space maintainer is an excellent device for preserving space in the event of premature loss of a deciduous tooth.

Quiz 5: Development, form, and Eruption

Edentulous refers to

Formation of teeth can be affected by nutritional deficiencies,fever,or childhood illnesses.While trauma to the dentition may delay eruption,it does not negatively impact formation of teeth.

Which choice best indicates the years of eruption for all of the premolars?

Roots of primary teeth resorb and dissolve because odontoblasts destroy the surrounding bone.

Exfoliation is the process by which the roots of a deciduous tooth are pushed together by the calcification process.Resorption is the phenomenon where osteoblasts destroy the roots of primary teeth.

Maxillary molars have three major buccal cusps because the third buccal cusp develops from the lobe of Carabelli.

A 15-month-old toddler would generally have (Select all that apply. )

The rounded protuberances on the incisal edge of a newly erupted incisor are called

Another name for wearing away of the tooth through contact with an opposing tooth is

Small clumps of cells that will later form teeth are called

The first deciduous teeth,the mandibular central incisors,erupt at approximately 6.5 to 7 months.The first permanent teeth,the maxillary premolars,erupt at approximately 6 years of age.

Which of the following selections include teeth that should be present in the dentition of a 3-year-old child (Select all that apply. ) ?

It is unusual for a 3-year-old child to have all 20 primary teeth because second molars do not typically erupt until 4 years of age.

Which is the last permanent incisor to erupt?

Bicuspid is not an accurate name for premolars.Premolars can have two,three,or four cusps.

Which of the following selections include teeth that should have erupted or may be in the process of eruption in the dentition of an 8-year-old child? (Select all that apply. )

The most common exception to the rule of eruption that mandibular teeth precede eruption of maxillary teeth is the maxillary first premolar because this tooth often precedes eruption of its mandibular counterpart.

An impacted tooth is one that has

Permanent mandibular central incisors are the first succedaneous teeth to erupt.The earliest visible portion of an anterior tooth is the cusp of Carabelli,the name for the lingual lobe of mandibular central incisors.

A 6-year-old has a space maintainer on the area of the deciduous mandibular left first molar.Which permanent tooth will erupt in the space?