Question 1

The Cook County juvenile court emerged from the concerns of a group of compassionate and wealthy women in Chicago who advocated for the rights of disadvantaged children who were found errant of the law. These women, commonly referred to as ________________, fought for these needy children to have the same care, custody, and treatment as their natural family would have presumably provided.
A) the juvenile investors
B) the child savers
C) the adolescent crusaders
D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

The group of compassionate and wealthy women in Chicago were commonly referred to as "child savers," and they advocated for the rights of disadvantaged children who were found errant of the law.

Question 2

In helping the child, the juvenile courts emphasize _______________, which, as noted earlier in this section, contrasts with the formal and adversarial nature of the adult court.
A) Parens patriae
B) Juvenile probation
C) Social study
D) Informality

Accepted Answer

Informality is the correct answer because it contrasts with the formal and adversarial nature of the adult court.

Question 3

_______________ occurs when a parent or even a teacher permits chronic truancy or simply ignores the educational and/or special needs of a child.
A) Physical neglect
B) Emotional neglect
C) Educational neglect
D) Verbal neglect

Accepted Answer

Educational neglect occurs when a parent or caregiver fails to provide a child with necessary educational instruction, resources, or special needs accommodations. This can include chronic truancy or simply ignoring a child's learning needs. Physical neglect refers to failure to meet a child's basic needs for food, shelter, and medical care, while emotional neglect refers to the failure to provide emotional support and affection. Verbal neglect is not a recognized type of neglect.

Question 4

_______________ can be defined as any physical acts that cause or can cause physical injury to a child.
A) Child parentification
B) Physical abuse
C) Psychological abuse
D) Child neglect

Accepted Answer

Physical abuse is the deliberate and intentional use of physical force against a child that results in, or has the potential to result in, physical harm or injury. This can include hitting, pushing, shaking, burning, or any other acts that cause physical injury to a child. Child parentification refers to the role reversal between a child and their parent, in which the child takes on the responsibilities of the parent. Psychological abuse involves actions that harm a child's emotional or mental well-being, such as constant criticism, belittling, or neglect. Child neglect refers to the failure of a caregiver to provide for a child's basic needs, such as food, shelter, or medical care.

Question 5

The _______________ stage includes the casework, surveillance, and various aspects of security management to track the behavior of the juvenile.This stage is, at least in the most basic terms, a key function of the probation department.
A) intake
B) investigation
C) supervision
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The supervision stage involves the casework and surveillance needed to track the behavior of the juvenile, as well as other aspects of security management. This stage is the core function of the probation department, and it aims to facilitate the juvenile's rehabilitation and reintegration into society while preventing reoffending. The intake and investigation stages occur earlier in the process and involve different activities such as screening, assessment, initial interviews, and evidence gathering. Therefore, choice A and B are not correct, and choice D is too general.

Question 6

Juvenile courts fall into the following category/categories:
A) that of a separate court
B) a part of the family court
C) a component of the local trial court system
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Juvenile courts can be separate courts that only handle cases involving juveniles, or they can be part of a larger family court system or trial court system. Therefore, all of the above options (A, B, and C) are correct.

Question 7

The _______________ stage is roughly 60 days in length, but if the courthouse combines the adjudicatory and disposition stages, it may be required that the officer finish it prior to the youth's appearance in court.
A) intake
B) investigation
C) supervision
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The investigation stage is typically around 60 days and involves gathering information before the youth's court appearance.

Question 8

This investigation is often referred to as the _______________, which details the youth's personal background, family, educational progress, previous violations, employment, and so forth.
A) parens patriae
B) juvenile probation
C) social study
D) informality

Accepted Answer

The investigation described is commonly known as a social study, and is a crucial part of the juvenile justice process, providing information about the youth's life and circumstances to help inform decisions about appropriate interventions and services. Choice A (parens patriae) refers to the legal principle that the state as guardian or protector has the responsibility to act in the best interests of children, which underpins the juvenile justice system as a whole but is not specific to this investigation. Choice B (juvenile probation) is a supervision program for youth who have been found delinquent, and may be one potential outcome of the social study process. Choice D (informality) is not directly related to the social study or juvenile justice process.

Question 9

_______________ is a judicial disposition under which youthful offenders are subject to certain conditions imposed by the juvenile court while being allowed to remain in the community during the duration of their sentence.
A) Parens patriae
B) Juvenile probation
C) Social study
D) Informality

Accepted Answer

Juvenile probation is a judicial disposition that allows youthful offenders to remain in the community while being subject to certain conditions imposed by the juvenile court. Parens patriae refers to the legal doctrine that the state has the responsibility to protect the well-being of children. Social study refers to an investigation conducted by a probation officer to assess the social and family background of a juvenile offender. Informality refers to a characteristic of some juvenile court proceedings that are less formal than adult criminal proceedings.

Question 10

Juvenile records tend to include various types of information.Among these is likely to be a composite of the _______________.
A) criminal and abuse history
B) family and personal information
C) truancy records
D) fingerprints and/or photographs

Accepted Answer

The answer of Juvenile records tend to include various types...

Question 11

During the _______________ stage of the juvenile process, the probation officer screens youth who are referred to the court and conducts a preliminary investigation, which includes an interview where the probation officer will advise the youthful offender of their rights.If the parents or legal guardians have not yet been notified of the juvenile's status, the probation agency will inform them and will ensure that they are advised of their legal options and their right to secure an attorney.
A) intake
B) investigation
C) supervision
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The stage described in the statement is the intake stage of the juvenile process.

Question 12

After the first juvenile court was established, these courts spread throughout the nation until in __________ all but two states had enacted legislation for both juvenile courts and juvenile probation.
A) 1907
B) 1917
C) 1927
D) 1937

Accepted Answer

By 1927, all but two states in the United States had enacted legislation for both juvenile courts and juvenile probation, reflecting the rapid spread and adoption of the juvenile court system after the establishment of the first juvenile court.

Question 13

When a juvenile court operates as its own separate statewide entity, this means that it will have its own _______________.
A) administrators and judges
B) probation officers
C) clerks of the court and other personnel
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

When a juvenile court operates as its own separate statewide entity, it will have its own administrators, judges, probation officers, clerks of the court, and other personnel. Therefore, all of the options presented are correct.

Question 14

According to your textbook author, the primary function(s) of juvenile probation is/are:
A) intake
B) investigation
C) supervision
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Juvenile probation serves multiple functions, including intake (the screening and assessment of juvenile offenders), investigation (the gathering of information about the offense and offender), and supervision (monitoring and guiding the actions and behavior of the juvenile). Thus, all three choices (intake, investigation, and supervision) are primary functions of juvenile probation.

Question 15

Juvenile courts differ from adult courts in that:
A) These courts are informal in nature
B) Their legal basis is in civil law
C) They tend to have closed proceedings and do not usually have jury trials
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Juvenile courts are designed to be more informal, focus on rehabilitation rather than punishment, and often have closed proceedings to protect the privacy of the youth. They also typically do not have jury trials, reflecting their civil law basis and rehabilitative goals.

Question 16

_______________ occurs when he or she is placed in a position within a family system whereby they must assume the primary caretaker role for that family, often taking care of both children and adults within that family system.This is common in single head-of-household families where the adult caretaker is an alcoholic or drug abuser and even in some dual adult household families, particularly those that are criminogenic in nature.
A) Child parentification
B) Physical abuse
C) Psychological abuse
D) Child neglect

Accepted Answer

Child parentification refers to the phenomenon where a child is placed in the position of a primary caregiver for the family, often taking on responsibilities beyond their age and developmental stage. This can occur due to various reasons, including substance abuse or mental illness of a parent or other adult family member. It can have negative impacts on the child's emotional, social, and cognitive development, and may also lead to parent-child role reversal.

Question 17

Child _______________ occurs when a parent or caretaker of the child does not provide the proper or necessary support, education, medical or other remedial care that is required by a given state's law, including food, shelter, and clothing.It also occurs when adult caretakers abandon a child they are legally obligated to support.
A) abuse
B) assault
C) neglect
D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

Neglect is the failure of a parent or caretaker to provide necessary physical, emotional or educational needs of a child. It can have serious long-term consequences for the child's wellbeing and development. It differs from abuse which involves active harm to a child, such as physical or sexual abuse. Assault refers to the threat or use of physical violence against another person. None of these fully capture the definition of child neglect.

Question 18

_______________ is a Latin term that denotes that the king, as father of his country, is empowered and obligated to protect the welfare of the country's children.
A) Parens patriae
B) Juvenile probation
C) Social study
D) Informality

Accepted Answer

Parens patriae refers to the concept that the king, or more broadly, the government, functions as a parent to the country and its citizens. The government is empowered and obligated to protect the welfare of the citizens, particularly those who are vulnerable, such as children. This idea is often invoked in the context of juvenile justice, where the government acts as a guardian or protector for young people who have been neglected, abused or delinquent. Juvenile probation and social study are related but not direct synonyms for Parens patriae. Informality has no relation to this concept.

Question 19

_______________ includes inadequate nurturing or affection, allowing the child to engage in inappropriate or illegal behavior such as drug or alcohol use, as well as ignoring a child's basic emotional needs.
A) Physical neglect
B) Emotional neglect
C) Educational neglect
D) Verbal neglect

Accepted Answer

Emotional neglect refers to failing to provide a child with emotional support, love, and attention that are essential for their emotional development. This type of neglect can result in the child engaging in inappropriate behavior such as drug or alcohol use, as well as experiencing mental health issues such as depression and anxiety. Physical neglect refers to failure to provide a child with basic needs such as food, shelter, and clothing. Educational neglect refers to failing to provide a child with appropriate education or to allow them to attend school regularly. Verbal neglect refers to the failure to provide verbal communication and positive reinforcement to a child, resulting in a lack of self-esteem and confidence.

Question 20

_______________ includes abandonment, the expulsion of the child from the home (being kicked out of the house); a failure to seek or excessive delay in seeking medical care for the child; inadequate supervision; and inadequate food, clothing, and shelter.
A) Physical neglect
B) Emotional neglect
C) Educational neglect
D) Verbal neglect

Accepted Answer

The description provided best fits the definition of physical neglect, which includes actions or inactions on the part of a caregiver that result in the child not receiving adequate food, clothing, shelter, medical care, or supervision. Emotional neglect refers to a lack of emotional support, love, and affection from a caregiver. Educational neglect refers to a failure to provide a child with necessary education, while verbal neglect is not a recognized form of neglect in most professional contexts.

Quiz 10: The LSI-R and the COMPAS:

In helping the child, the juvenile courts emphasize _______________, which, as noted earlier in this section, contrasts with the formal and adversarial nature of the adult court.

_______________ occurs when a parent or even a teacher permits chronic truancy or simply ignores the educational and/or special needs of a child.

_______________ can be defined as any physical acts that cause or can cause physical injury to a child.

The _______________ stage includes the casework, surveillance, and various aspects of security management to track the behavior of the juvenile.This stage is, at least in the most basic terms, a key function of the probation department.

Juvenile courts fall into the following category/categories:

The _______________ stage is roughly 60 days in length, but if the courthouse combines the adjudicatory and disposition stages, it may be required that the officer finish it prior to the youth's appearance in court.

This investigation is often referred to as the _______________, which details the youth's personal background, family, educational progress, previous violations, employment, and so forth.

_______________ is a judicial disposition under which youthful offenders are subject to certain conditions imposed by the juvenile court while being allowed to remain in the community during the duration of their sentence.

Juvenile records tend to include various types of information.Among these is likely to be a composite of the _______________.

After the first juvenile court was established, these courts spread throughout the nation until in __________ all but two states had enacted legislation for both juvenile courts and juvenile probation.

When a juvenile court operates as its own separate statewide entity, this means that it will have its own _______________.

According to your textbook author, the primary function(s) of juvenile probation is/are:

Juvenile courts differ from adult courts in that:

_______________ is a Latin term that denotes that the king, as father of his country, is empowered and obligated to protect the welfare of the country's children.

_______________ includes inadequate nurturing or affection, allowing the child to engage in inappropriate or illegal behavior such as drug or alcohol use, as well as ignoring a child's basic emotional needs.

_______________ includes abandonment, the expulsion of the child from the home (being kicked out of the house) ; a failure to seek or excessive delay in seeking medical care for the child; inadequate supervision; and inadequate food, clothing, and shelter.