Question 1

Many sociologists have worried that the modern economy demands both geographic and occupational mobility,which in turn means bureaucratic organizations have become the norm.What sort of groups might become weaker or strained if people have to move frequently throughout their lives for work?
A) crowds
B) secondary groups
C) categories
D) primary groups

Accepted Answer

Primary groups are typically characterized by close, face-to-face interactions and strong emotional connections between members. If people are constantly moving for work, it can be difficult to maintain these types of relationships with family, friends, and other members of their primary groups. Thus, frequent geographic mobility can strain and weaken these groups.

Question 2

Members of which of the following think of themselves as belonging together and interact with one another?
A) an aggregate
B) a group
C) a category
D) a queue

Accepted Answer

A group is defined as a collection of individuals who think of themselves as belonging together and interact with one another, which makes it the best choice. An aggregate refers to a collection of individuals who are in the same place at the same time but do not interact, a category is a grouping of things based on shared characteristics or qualities, and a queue is a line of people waiting for something.

Question 3

The sociologist Joseph Conti studied the World Trade Organization as a social network.According to Conti,how is power measured within this type of social network?
A) The most powerful members most often win their disputes with other members.
B) The most powerful members have the most connections to other members.
C) The most powerful members are involved in the fewest disputes with other members.
D) The most powerful members most often change the minds of other members.

Accepted Answer

According to Conti, power within a social network is measured by the number of connections a member has to other members. In the case of the World Trade Organization, the most powerful members are those who have the most connections to other members.

Question 4

Which of the following is a characteristic of primary groups?
A) They are larger and more anonymous than secondary groups.
B) They are often formal or impersonal.
C) They tend to be based on specific roles or activities.
D) They involve a strong sense of belonging.

Accepted Answer

Primary groups are characterized by close, personal, and enduring relationships that involve a strong sense of belonging. Examples of primary groups include families, close friendships, and romantic relationships. The other options listed (A, B, and C) describe characteristics of secondary groups.

Question 5

Which of the following statements about secondary groups is true?
A) They involve intimate, face-to-face interaction.
B) They tend to be based on specific roles or activities.
C) They are usually small and long lasting.
D) Their values become fused with members' identities.

Accepted Answer

Secondary groups are based on specific roles or activities, such as a work team or a club. They are typically larger and less intimate than primary groups. Option A describes primary groups, option C is incorrect because secondary groups can be large and short-lived, and option D refers to reference groups, not secondary groups.

Question 6

People who associate with each other on a regular basis because they enjoy spending time together are usually members of a
A) primary group.
B) secondary group.
C) reference group.
D) social network.

Accepted Answer

A primary group is characterized by close, personal, emotional, and long-term relationships between members. These groups are formed based on shared experiences, common interests, and affection, and are essential to fulfilling the basic human needs of belonging, affection, and emotional support. People who spend time together because they enjoy each other's company and engage in activities that deepen their relationships are usually part of a primary group. Secondary groups are characterized by more formal, impersonal, and short-term relationships, while reference groups are used for comparison and evaluation, and social networks are more focused on individual connections and communication.

Question 7

Which of the following would be considered a group in the sociological sense?
A) a collection of sightseers at a tourist attraction
B) a high school chess club
C) a gathering at a crime scene
D) a line at the grocery store

Accepted Answer

A group in the sociological sense is defined as a collection of individuals who interact with each other, share a common identity, and have a sense of belongingness. The high school chess club fits this definition as its members interact with each other, share a common interest in chess, and have a sense of belongingness to the club.

The other options - a collection of sightseers at a tourist attraction, a gathering at a crime scene, and a line at the grocery store - may involve individuals in the same location, but they do not necessarily interact with each other or have a shared identity. Therefore, these options cannot be considered groups in the sociological sense.

Question 8

To what type of group does an individual belong if the members are mostly anonymous to one another?
A) a secondary group
B) a primary group
C) a crowd
D) a social network

Accepted Answer

The answer of To what type of group does an...

Question 9

The sociologist Duncan Watts examined the way people may change their minds about whom to vote for based on the opinions of friends and acquaintances.What concept was Watts studying?
A) social networks
B) bureaucracy
C) charismatic authority
D) rationalization

Accepted Answer

Duncan Watts was studying social networks, which refer to the connections and relationships between individuals and groups. In this case, he was specifically examining how those connections can influence people's voting decisions.

Question 10

What type of group provides most of our emotional satisfaction?
A) secondary
B) reference
C) out-group
D) primary

Accepted Answer

Primary groups are those in which we have close, personal, and long-lasting relationships. These relationships are characterized by emotional depth and are often the source of our greatest emotional satisfaction. Examples of primary groups include families, close friendships, and romantic relationships.

Question 11

Some students at a college form an intramural softball team.They play other teams from their school and from the area every Sunday in a conveniently located park.What might a sociologist consider if he or she wanted to determine whether the team was a primary group or a secondary group?
A) the age of the players
B) the interactions of team members off the field
C) the shared hobbies of the players
D) the innate skill of the players

Accepted Answer

A sociologist would consider the interactions of team members off the field because primary groups are characterized by close, emotional bonds and frequent, intimate interactions, even outside of the group setting, while secondary groups are more formal and impersonal, with specific goals and roles. Knowing whether the team members only interact during games or have strong personal relationships outside of the team would help determine whether the group is primary or secondary. The age, shared hobbies, and innate skill of the players are not necessarily indicators of primary or secondary groups.

Question 12

One of the baristas at José's local coffee shop always greets him by name.She often asks how school is going and seems to care about his answer.How would we characterize José relationship with the barista?
A) She is a "consequential stranger" who bridges the gap between primary and secondary groups.
B) She fits perfectly into what would be considered a primary group.
C) She fits perfectly into what would be considered a secondary group.
D) She is a member of the bourgeoisie.

Accepted Answer

José's relationship with the barista can be characterized as that of a "consequential stranger." This is because the barista is not a close friend or family member (primary group), nor is she just an acquaintance or casual contact (secondary group). Rather, the barista is someone who José interacts with frequently, but the relationship is still based primarily on the context of the coffee shop. However, the barista's interest in and caring about José's life suggests that their relationship is more significant than just a casual transactional one.

Question 13

Which of the following is an aggregate?
A) a family with members living in different states
B) the audience at a Broadway show
C) a Little League baseball team
D) a bird-watching club

Accepted Answer

An aggregate is a collection of people who happen to be in the same place at the same time but do not have a sense of belonging or identity as a group. The audience at a Broadway show fits this description.

All of the other options imply a sense of belonging or identity as a group, making them examples of a social group rather than an aggregate.

Question 14

Which type of group is characterized by long-term,intimate,and face-to-face relationships?
A) primary
B) in-group
C) reference
D) secondary

Accepted Answer

A primary group is defined as a small, long-term, intimate, and face-to-face group consisting of individuals who have frequent and direct contact with each other. The members of a primary group share common goals and values which contribute to the development of strong emotional bonds and relationships between them. Examples of primary groups include families, close friends, and small communities.

Question 15

All left-handed people in the United States would be classified as a(n)
A) category.
B) crowd.
C) aggregate.
D) group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All left-handed people in the United States...

Question 16

In "The Strength of Weak Ties," what are the implications of Mark Granovetter's findings?
A) People with high SES are likely to have direct ties to people with low SES.
B) People tend to form heterogeneous social networks.
C) Weak ties almost always are long lasting and durable.
D) People tend to form homogeneous social networks.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In "The Strength of Weak Ties," what...

Question 17

What do sociologists call the webs of direct and indirect ties that connect individuals to others who may influence them?
A) social networks
B) reference groups
C) inner circles
D) in-groups

Accepted Answer

Sociologists call the webs of direct and indirect ties that connect individuals to others who may influence them "social networks."

Question 18

John gets a job with a large firm that audits small businesses.While working at the firm,he becomes friends with Dave who invites him to attend a weekly poker game.The game soon becomes a meaningful part of John's social life.This is an example of the
A) distinction between primary groups and secondary groups.
B) way secondary groups produce anonymous relationships.
C) way primary groups can lead to membership in secondary groups.
D) way secondary group ties can lead to membership in primary groups.

Accepted Answer

The scenario illustrates how connections formed in secondary groups, like a workplace, can lead to deeper, more personal relationships characteristic of primary groups, such as the poker game group.

Question 19

How do sociologists distinguish a group from a crowd?
A) Individuals associated with a group don't share any common attribute.
B) Individuals associated with a group feel a shared identity.
C) Individuals associated with a group don't have ongoing social relations.
D) Individuals associated with a crowd remain in contact.

Accepted Answer

Sociologists distinguish a group from a crowd based on the shared identity and sense of belonging that individuals in a group experience. In contrast, a crowd is a temporary gathering of individuals who may not have any ongoing social relations or shared identity beyond their immediate situation. Therefore, choice B is the best answer as it accurately describes the defining characteristic of a group.

Question 20

Sociologists would not consider fans of the rock musician Bruce Springsteen to be a group
Because they
A) need to have at least two things in common.
B) share no attributes.
C) are never in the same physical location.
D) do not interact regularly.

Accepted Answer

Sociologists define a group as people who interact regularly and have a sense of belonging. Fans of Bruce Springsteen may share an interest in his music but do not necessarily interact regularly.

Quiz 5: Separate and Together: Life in Group

Many sociologists have worried that the modern economy demands both geographic and occupational mobility,which in turn means bureaucratic organizations have become the norm.What sort of groups might become weaker or strained if people have to move frequently throughout their lives for work?

Members of which of the following think of themselves as belonging together and interact with one another?

The sociologist Joseph Conti studied the World Trade Organization as a social network.According to Conti,how is power measured within this type of social network?

Which of the following is a characteristic of primary groups?

Which of the following statements about secondary groups is true?

People who associate with each other on a regular basis because they enjoy spending time together are usually members of a

Which of the following would be considered a group in the sociological sense?

To what type of group does an individual belong if the members are mostly anonymous to one another?

The sociologist Duncan Watts examined the way people may change their minds about whom to vote for based on the opinions of friends and acquaintances.What concept was Watts studying?

What type of group provides most of our emotional satisfaction?

Some students at a college form an intramural softball team.They play other teams from their school and from the area every Sunday in a conveniently located park.What might a sociologist consider if he or she wanted to determine whether the team was a primary group or a secondary group?

One of the baristas at José's local coffee shop always greets him by name.She often asks how school is going and seems to care about his answer.How would we characterize José relationship with the barista?

Which of the following is an aggregate?

Which type of group is characterized by long-term,intimate,and face-to-face relationships?

All left-handed people in the United States would be classified as a(n)

In "The Strength of Weak Ties," what are the implications of Mark Granovetter's findings?

What do sociologists call the webs of direct and indirect ties that connect individuals to others who may influence them?

John gets a job with a large firm that audits small businesses.While working at the firm,he becomes friends with Dave who invites him to attend a weekly poker game.The game soon becomes a meaningful part of John's social life.This is an example of the

How do sociologists distinguish a group from a crowd?

Sociologists would not consider fans of the rock musician Bruce Springsteen to be a group Because they