Question 1

A nurse working in a community setting should apply evidence-based practice methods that are described by:
A) Randomized clinical trials
B) Qualitative studies
C) Quantitative studies
D) Multiple research methods

Accepted Answer

Evidence from multiple research methods has the potential to enrich the application of evidence and improve nursing practice.

Question 2

Which are barriers to implementation of evidence-based practice? Select all that apply.
A) Lack of available time
B) Inferior quality of available research
C) Unwillingness of organizations to fund research
D) Inability to understand the evidence
E) None of above

Accepted Answer

All of these are barriers to evidence-based practice.

Question 3

A nurse is grading the strength of evidence when critiquing a research study.Which domains will the nurse need to consider?
A) Randomness, sample size, and blinding
B) Selection, variables, and description
C) Nursing, medicine, and physiology
D) Quality, quantity, and consistency

Accepted Answer

Quality,quantity,and consistency are the three domains for evaluating systems.

Question 4

A public health nurse would like to incorporate evidence-based practice into the clinical practice at the health department.According to Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt et al.,the first step in this process is:
A) Integrating the evidence with clinical expertise
B) Cultivating a spirit of inquiry
C) Asking clinical questions
D) Searching for the best evidence

Accepted Answer

According to Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt et al.,the first step is step 0: cultivating a spirit of inquiry.

Question 5

A nurse uses clinical experience and client preference to guide clinical decision making when using:
A) Evidence-based practice
B) Internal evidence
C) Research utilization
D) External evidence

Accepted Answer

Internal evidence refers to the use of the nurse's clinical experiences and the client's preferences.

Question 6

A nurse providing care in the 1970s would have used which process as the guide for making clinical decisions?
A) Evidence-based nursing practice
B) The science of medicine
C) Evidenced-based medicine
D) Research utilization

Accepted Answer

Research utilization projects in the 1970s provided a guide to clinical practice.

Question 7

Which type of research is defined as the gold standard of evidence in evidence-based practice?
A) Clinical expertise
B) Randomized controlled trials
C) Case studies
D) Systematic review

Accepted Answer

The double blind randomized controlled trial generally provides the highest level of evidence followed by other randomized controlled trials.

Question 8

When looking at evidence-based practice to support the methods used to facilitate smoking cessation,which type of evidence would be the best for the nurse to examine?
A) Scientific literature found in systematic reviews
B) Double-blind randomized controlled trial
C) Quasi-experimental studies
D) Expert opinion

Accepted Answer

Because it is difficult to find or perform randomized controlled trials in the community,other types of evidence have been highlighted as the best evidence in public health literature upon which to base evidence-based public health (EBPH)practice; scientific literature found in systematic reviews is one type that is recommended.Although randomized controlled trials are the highest level of evidence,it would not be possible to implement this type of study when studying smoking cessation.

Question 9

Evidence-based public health is:
A) An integration of the best available nursing expertise
B) Derived from community principles to fit the area where it is practiced
C) A health endeavor that makes informed use of evidence
D) Comprised of only public health records

Accepted Answer

Evidence-based public health is a health endeavor that makes informed use of evidence.

Question 10

It would be important for a nurse researcher to use blinding when:
A) The sample size is small
B) The outcomes must be accurately measured
C) Using a control group
D) Studying the attrition rate

Accepted Answer

Blinding refers to a procedure where the researcher or evaluator does not know which participants are in the experimental or control group.

Question 11

The term evidence-based was first used in:
A) Canada
B) Great Britain
C) The United States
D) Australia

Accepted Answer

The term evidence-based was first attributed to Gordon Gyatt,a Canadian physician at McMaster University in 1992.

Question 12

A summary of the research evidence that relates to a specific question and to the effects of an intervention is:
A) Evidence-based practice
B) Action research
C) Systematic review
D) Best practices

Accepted Answer

A systematic review is a summary of the research evidence that relates to a specific question and to the effects of an intervention.

Question 13

A public health nurse uses a published systematic review to determine which exercises should be incorporated into a newly developed older adult exercise program.Which resource would most likely contain this information?
A) Evidence-Based Practice for Public Health Project
B) PubMed
C) Cochrane Public Health Group (PHRG)
D) Task Force on Community Preventive Services

Accepted Answer

The PHRG works with contributors to produce and publish Cochrane reviews of the effects of population-level public health interventions.The PHRG undertakes systematic reviews of the effects of public health interventions to improve health and other outcomes at the population level,not those targeted at individuals.

Question 14

What information will a nurse find when reading a systematic review?
A) Results of randomized controlled trials
B) A description of the methods used to search for evidence
C) Data compiled on a particular question
D) An in-depth review of the literature completed by one person

Accepted Answer

A systematic review is usually done by more than one person and describes the methods used to search for the evidence.It is a method of identifying,appraising,and synthesizing research evidence to evaluate and interpret all available research relevant to a particular research question.

Question 15

A nurse makes clinical judgments based upon trial and error and past clinical experiences.What problem can result from using these data sources in clinical decision making?
A) Not all sources of information are reliable.
B) Authority always leads to faulty decision making.
C) Ethical knowledge is not taken into account.
D) Trial and error has lead to poor outcomes.

Accepted Answer

Using the sources of knowledge listed in the other options does not consistently produce desired outcomes.

Quiz 15: Evidence-Based Practice

A nurse working in a community setting should apply evidence-based practice methods that are described by:

Which are barriers to implementation of evidence-based practice? Select all that apply.

A nurse is grading the strength of evidence when critiquing a research study.Which domains will the nurse need to consider?

A public health nurse would like to incorporate evidence-based practice into the clinical practice at the health department.According to Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt et al.,the first step in this process is:

A nurse uses clinical experience and client preference to guide clinical decision making when using:

A nurse providing care in the 1970s would have used which process as the guide for making clinical decisions?

Which type of research is defined as the gold standard of evidence in evidence-based practice?

When looking at evidence-based practice to support the methods used to facilitate smoking cessation,which type of evidence would be the best for the nurse to examine?

Evidence-based public health is:

It would be important for a nurse researcher to use blinding when:

The term evidence-based was first used in:

A summary of the research evidence that relates to a specific question and to the effects of an intervention is:

A public health nurse uses a published systematic review to determine which exercises should be incorporated into a newly developed older adult exercise program.Which resource would most likely contain this information?

What information will a nurse find when reading a systematic review?

A nurse makes clinical judgments based upon trial and error and past clinical experiences.What problem can result from using these data sources in clinical decision making?