Question 1

_____ is the process similar to the break-even analysis in which the employee identifies and compares personal costs and rewards to determine the point at which they are approximately equal.
A) Cost behavior modification
B) Appraisal philosophy
C) 360-degree feedback
D) Cost-reward comparison

Accepted Answer

The process similar to the break-even analysis where the employee identifies and compares personal costs and rewards to determine the point at which they are approximately equal is known as cost-reward comparison. This process helps individuals evaluate if the benefits they will receive in a job match the effort and cost required to fulfill that job.

Question 2

_____ is the hallmark of modern appraisal philosophy that can help employees fine-tune their performance better if they know how they are doing in the eyes of the organization.
A) Management goal setting
B) Clarification of behavioral expectations
C) An extensive feedback system
D) Performance orientation

Accepted Answer

An extensive feedback system, where employees receive regular and specific feedback on their performance, is considered an essential component of modern appraisal philosophy. This allows employees to fine-tune their performance and make necessary improvements.

Question 3

_____ is the process by which people interpret and assign causes for their own and others' behavior.
A) Motivation
B) Attribution
C) Valence
D) Feedback

Accepted Answer

Attribution is the process by which individuals infer the causes of their own and others' behavior.

Question 4

In the context of compensation management complying with federal and state laws,the _____ affects employers who are engaged in interstate commerce and most employees of federal,state,and local governments.
A) Equal Pay Act of 1963
B) Sherman Antitrust Act
C) Patriot Act of 2001
D) Enforcement Act of 1870

Accepted Answer

The Equal Pay Act of 1963 prohibits employers from paying employees of one gender less than employees of the other gender for jobs that require equal skill, effort, and responsibility. It applies to employers engaged in interstate commerce and most employees of federal, state, and local governments.

Question 5

Which of the following combinations creates a desirable instrumentality condition?
A) High level of performance, low level of economic reward
B) Low level of performance, high level of economic reward
C) High level of performance, moderate level of economic reward
D) Low level of performance, low level of economic reward

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following combinations creates a...

Question 6

Money has an economic value as a medium of exchange for allocation of economic resources,but it is also a _____ medium of exchange.
A) psychological
B) virtual
C) social
D) symbolic

Accepted Answer

Money acts as a social medium of exchange because it facilitates transactions and interactions within a society, enabling trade and economic relationships.

Question 7

_____ is a component of the incentive foundation of a complete pay program.
A) Seniority pay
B) Performance reward
C) Unemployment compensation
D) Overtime

Accepted Answer

Performance reward is a component of the incentive foundation of a complete pay program, as it directly incentivizes employees to achieve certain performance targets or goals.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a part of the performance appraisal process?
A) Sharing performance information with the employee
B) Searching for ways to improve employee performance
C) Assessing company goals and objectives
D) Evaluating employee performance

Accepted Answer

Assessing company goals and objectives is not a part of the performance appraisal process, as it is typically done separately through strategic planning and performance management processes. The other options (sharing performance information with the employee, searching for ways to improve employee performance, evaluating employee performance) are all important steps in the performance appraisal process.

Question 9

Modern appraisal philosophy emphasizes _____ and future goals.
A) current seniority
B) past evaluations
C) employee deficiencies
D) present performance

Accepted Answer

Modern appraisal philosophy focuses on present performance and future goals instead of past evaluations or employee deficiencies. Seniority may be considered, but it is not the primary focus.

Question 10

Which of the following statements holds true for performance feedback?
A) It should seldom point the way toward goals or newly targeted actions.
B) The manner of feedback presentation does not have a significant impact on the employees' performance.
C) It leads to both improved performance and improved attitudes-if handled properly by the manager.
D) It should rely on subjective opinions and references rather than on objective data.

Accepted Answer

Performance feedback can lead to improved performance and attitudes of employees if it is handled properly by the manager. The feedback should be specific, objective, and provide actionable insights to the employee. The manner of feedback presentation can also have a significant impact on the employee's performance as feedback presented constructively can motivate and encourage employees to improve. Therefore, option C is the correct choice. The other options are incorrect because performance feedback should aim to point the way towards goals or targeted actions, should rely on objective data, and should not be subjective opinions and references.

Question 11

Which of the following components of a pay program is NOT an example of a nonwork reward?
A) Vacations
B) Seniority increase
C) Unemployment compensation
D) Pensions

Accepted Answer

Seniority increase is a work-related reward as it is based on the length of service or tenure with an employer, unlike the other options which are nonwork-related benefits.

Question 12

According to behavior modification principles,when employees see a direct connection between _____,instrumentality is high.
A) performance and reward
B) seniority and promotions
C) motivation and expectancy
D) extrinsic satisfaction and intrinsic reward

Accepted Answer

According to behavior modification principles, when employees see a direct connection between their performance and the reward they receive, it increases the likelihood of instrumentality, which is the belief that their actions will lead to desired outcomes. As a result, they are more motivated to perform well and achieve their goals. Option B is incorrect because seniority is not considered a reliable predictor of promotions in most modern organizations. Option C refers to the concept of expectancy, which is the belief that one's efforts will result in improved performance, but it is not directly related to instrumentality. Option D is a confusing combination of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation, which are separate constructs in behavior modification theory.

Question 13

A(n)_____ is the process of systematically gathering data on a person's skills,abilities,and behaviors from a variety of sources-the manager,peers,subordinates,and even customers or clients.
A) appraisal interview
B) survey
C) 360-degree feedback
D) balanced scorecard

Accepted Answer

360-degree feedback involves gathering data from a variety of sources and is used to evaluate an individual's skills, abilities, and behaviors. The appraisal interview is a meeting between a manager and an employee to discuss performance, the survey is a method for collecting data by asking individuals to respond to a set of questions, and the balanced scorecard is a strategic management tool used to track and measure organizational performance.

Question 14

_____ is an example of a situational attribution.
A) Great effort
B) Poor ability
C) Task difficulty
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Situational attribution pertains to external or situational factors that can affect a person's behavior or performance. Task difficulty is an example of situational attribution because it refers to a circumstance that is beyond an individual's control and can affect the outcome of their performance. A and B are examples of dispositional attributions, which refer to internal or personal factors that affect behavior or performance.

Question 15

Which of the following hallmarks of the modern appraisal philosophy states that the effort put forth by employees must result in the attainment of desired outcomes?
A) Performance orientation
B) Focus on goals or objectives
C) Mutual goal setting between supervisor and employee
D) Clarification of behavioral expectations

Accepted Answer

Performance orientation is the hallmark of modern appraisal philosophy that states that the effort put forth by employees must result in the attainment of desired outcomes. This means that employees are evaluated based on whether they achieve their goals or objectives and whether their performance meets the standards set by the organization.

Question 16

Which of the following pay program components is NOT an example of a noneconomic program that may supplement an organization's complete pay program?
A) Comp time
B) On-site day care
C) Profit sharing
D) Wellness-promotion programs

Accepted Answer

Profit sharing is an economic program component, as it involves distributing a portion of the organization's profits to employees as part of their pay. Comp time, on-site day care, and wellness-promotion programs are examples of noneconomic program components that may supplement an organization's pay program.

Question 17

In general,people tend to exhibit a _____,claiming undue credit for their success and minimizing their own responsibility for problems.
A) fundamental attribution bias
B) perceptual set
C) self-fulfilling prophecy
D) self-serving bias

Accepted Answer

The given scenario describes the self-serving bias, where individuals attribute their success to personal traits or abilities, while blaming external factors for their failures or mistakes. This bias results in individuals taking undue credit for their achievements and diminishing their responsibility for problems or failures. Therefore, option D, self-serving bias, is the most appropriate choice. The fundamental attribution bias refers to the tendency of attributing other people's behaviors primarily to their internal characteristics instead of external factors. Perceptual set refers to the tendency to perceive and interpret information based on our expectations, beliefs, and past experiences. The self-fulfilling prophecy refers to the phenomenon in which our expectations or beliefs about a person or situation lead to actions that ultimately confirm our belief or prediction.

Question 18

Which of the following concepts explained in the expectancy theory means that if money is to act as a strong motivator,an employee must want more of it?
A) Motivation
B) Valence
C) Drive
D) Instrumentality

Accepted Answer

Valence is the degree to which an individual associates their effort with a particular outcome, such as receiving a higher salary. If an employee places a high valence on money, meaning they want more of it, then it will act as a stronger motivator for them. The other options do not pertain specifically to the role of money as a motivator in the expectancy theory.

Question 19

Which of the following is the final step in the management by objectives cycle?
A) Objective setting
B) Periodic reviews
C) Action planning
D) Annual evaluation

Accepted Answer

The final step in the management by objectives cycle is the annual evaluation, where the employee's performance over the course of the year is reviewed and assessed in relation to the objectives that were set at the beginning of the cycle. This evaluation provides feedback on the employee's progress and helps to identify areas for improvement or further development.

Question 20

The concept of perceptual set enables us to witness the power of the _____.
A) fundamental attribution bias
B) Pareto principle
C) self-fulfilling prophecy
D) self-serving bias

Accepted Answer

Perceptual set refers to the tendency of an individual to perceive or interpret sensory stimuli in a certain way based on prior expectations, experiences, context, and motivations. This means that our perceptions are not purely objective or unbiased but are influenced by our mental processes, which can shape what we see, hear, feel, or taste. The concept of perceptual set can demonstrate the power of self-fulfilling prophecies, where our beliefs or attitudes about a situation or person can influence our behavior towards them and eventually confirm our initial expectations. For example, if we expect someone to be unfriendly, we may act distant or cold, which can make them respond in a similar way, thereby reinforcing our belief that they are indeed unfriendly.

Quiz 6: Appraising and Rewarding Performance

_____ is the process similar to the break-even analysis in which the employee identifies and compares personal costs and rewards to determine the point at which they are approximately equal.

_____ is the hallmark of modern appraisal philosophy that can help employees fine-tune their performance better if they know how they are doing in the eyes of the organization.

_____ is the process by which people interpret and assign causes for their own and others' behavior.

In the context of compensation management complying with federal and state laws,the _____ affects employers who are engaged in interstate commerce and most employees of federal,state,and local governments.

Which of the following combinations creates a desirable instrumentality condition?

Money has an economic value as a medium of exchange for allocation of economic resources,but it is also a _____ medium of exchange.

_____ is a component of the incentive foundation of a complete pay program.

Which of the following is NOT a part of the performance appraisal process?

Modern appraisal philosophy emphasizes _____ and future goals.

Which of the following statements holds true for performance feedback?

Which of the following components of a pay program is NOT an example of a nonwork reward?

According to behavior modification principles,when employees see a direct connection between _____,instrumentality is high.

A(n) _____ is the process of systematically gathering data on a person's skills,abilities,and behaviors from a variety of sources-the manager,peers,subordinates,and even customers or clients.

_____ is an example of a situational attribution.

Which of the following hallmarks of the modern appraisal philosophy states that the effort put forth by employees must result in the attainment of desired outcomes?

Which of the following pay program components is NOT an example of a noneconomic program that may supplement an organization's complete pay program?

In general,people tend to exhibit a _____,claiming undue credit for their success and minimizing their own responsibility for problems.

Which of the following concepts explained in the expectancy theory means that if money is to act as a strong motivator,an employee must want more of it?

Which of the following is the final step in the management by objectives cycle?

The concept of perceptual set enables us to witness the power of the _____.