Question 1

Functions of epithelia include all of the following,except
A)providing physical protection.
B)controlling permeability.
C)absorption.
D)producing specialized secretions.
E)supporting muscle cells.

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue provides physical protection, controls permeability, absorption, and produces specialized secretions. However, supporting muscle cells is not a function of epithelia. This function is performed by connective tissue.

Question 2

A type of intercellular junction that stops materials from crossing an epithelium between cells is termed a(n)
A)occluding junction.
B)gap junction.
C)intermediate junction.
D)desmosome.
E)All of the answers are correct.

Accepted Answer

Occluding junctions, also known as tight junctions, create a complete barrier between adjacent cells, preventing materials from crossing the epithelium between cells. Gap junctions, intermediate junctions, and desmosomes allow materials to pass between cells to varying degrees.

Question 3

Characteristics of epithelia include all of the following except
A)attachment.
B)avascularity.
C)regeneration.
D)polarity.
E)extracellular matrix.

Accepted Answer

Epithelia do not have an extracellular matrix, as they are tightly packed layers of cells that form a barrier or lining. The other characteristics listed (attachment, avascularity, regeneration, and polarity) are all common features of epithelial tissues.

Question 4

The tissue that always has a "top" and a "bottom" is
A)epithelial tissue.
B)connective tissue.
C)muscle tissue.
D)basal tissue.
E)apical tissue.

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue always has a distinct apical (top) and basal (bottom) surface.

Question 5

Epithelia specialized for providing sensations of smell,taste,sight,equilibrium,and hearing are known as
A)neuroepithelia.
B)psychoepithelia.
C)neuropsychoepithelia.
D)multilaminar epithelia.
E)protective epithelia.

Accepted Answer

Neuroepithelia are specialized epithelial tissues that are involved in providing sensations of smell, taste, sight, equilibrium, and hearing. They are located in specific regions of the body associated with these functions, such as the olfactory epithelium in the nose, the taste buds in the tongue, the retina in the eye, the macula and cristae in the inner ear, and the sensory hair cells in the cochlea. These epithelia contain specialized cells that can detect specific stimuli and transmit signals to the nervous system for processing and interpretation.

Question 6

Examination of a tissue sample reveals groups of cells united by junctional complexes and interlocking membranes.The cells have one free surface and lack blood vessels.The tissue is most likely ________ tissue.
A)muscle
B)neural
C)epithelial
D)connective
E)adipose

Accepted Answer

The tissue has junctional complexes and interlocking membranes, which are characteristic of epithelial tissue. It also has one free surface and lacks blood vessels, further supporting the identification of epithelial tissue.

Question 7

A layer of glycoproteins that prevents leakage of materials from connective tissues into epithelia is the
A)integral proteins.
B)lamina lucida.
C)matrix.
D)lamina densa.
E)ground substance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A layer of glycoproteins that prevents leakage...

Question 8

Which one of the following is not one of the four main tissue categories?
A)muscle tissue
B)neural tissue
C)osseous tissue
D)connective tissue
E)epithelial tissue

Accepted Answer

The four main tissue categories are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue. Osseous tissue refers specifically to bone tissue, which is a type of connective tissue.

Question 9

Dead skin cells are shed in thin sheets because they are held together by "spots" of proteoglycan reinforced by intermediate filaments.Such strong intercellular connections are called
A)gap junctions.
B)intermediate junctions.
C)tight junctions.
D)desmosomes.
E)junctional complexes.

Accepted Answer

Desmosomes are strong intercellular connections that occur in tissues that are mechanically stressed, such as the skin. They are composed of proteins called cadherins that attach to intermediate filaments and hold adjacent cells together. Dead skin cells are shed in thin sheets because they are held together by desmosomes. Gap junctions, intermediate junctions, tight junctions, and junctional complexes are all different types of intercellular connections that have different functions in the body.

Question 10

The junction type that lets neighboring cells exchange small molecules is the
A)desmosome.
B)hemidesmosome.
C)gap junction.
D)tight junction.
E)zonula adherens.

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions are the junction type that allows neighboring cells to exchange small molecules such as ions, second messengers, and small metabolites. Gap junctions are formed by proteins called connexins, which create channels connecting the cytoplasm of two cells.

Question 11

Germinative cells
A)start in the superficial layers of epithelial tissue.
B)cannot divide.
C)make up most of the epithelial type of tissue.
D)divide continually to produce new epithelial cells.
E)cannot function in the repair of epithelial tissue.

Accepted Answer

Germinative cells, also known as stem cells, are located in the basal layer of epithelial tissue and continually divide to produce new epithelial cells. This process helps to repair and maintain the tissue. Therefore, option D is the correct choice.

Question 12

You would find pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the
A)trachea.
B)urinary bladder.
C)secretory portions of the pancreas.
D)surface of the skin.
E)stomach.

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium has cilia and is found lining the respiratory tract, including the trachea.

Question 13

In stratified epithelia adapted to resist mechanical forces,which of the following types of cell-to-cell junctions are especially abundant?
A)tight junctions
B)basolateral junctions
C)gap junctions
D)hemidesmosomes
E)desmosomes

Accepted Answer

Desmosomes are especially abundant in stratified epithelia that need to resist mechanical forces. Desmosomes are specialized cell-to-cell junctions that connect the intermediate filaments of neighboring cells, providing strong adhesion between them.

Question 14

Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for
A)contraction.
B)conduction.
C)secretion.
D)circulation.
E)support.

Accepted Answer

Epithelial cells are specialized cells that line the surfaces of organs and structures in the body. These cells have modifications such as microvilli, cilia, and goblet cells that facilitate secretion of substances like mucus, enzymes, and hormones. Therefore, choice C - secretion - is the best answer. The other choices are not appropriate since epithelial cells are not typically involved in contraction, conduction, circulation, or support.

Question 15

Close examination of a healthy organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells.The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells lines the cavity of the organ.This tissue is a type of
A)epithelium.
B)muscle tissue.
C)connective tissue.
D)neural tissue.
E)fat tissue.

Accepted Answer

The description of several layers of cells lining a cavity without any blood vessels is characteristic of epithelial tissue.

Question 16

Which tissue lines the small intestine and the stomach?
A)simple squamous epithelium
B)simple cuboidal epithelium
C)simple columnar epithelium
D)pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
E)stratified squamous epithelium

Accepted Answer

The tissue that lines the small intestine and the stomach is simple columnar epithelium. This tissue is specialized for absorption and secretion, which is important for the digestive function of these organs.

Question 17

Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretion usually have ________ at their free surface.
A)mitochondria
B)cilia
C)microvilli
D)junctional complexes
E)Golgi complexes

Accepted Answer

Microvilli are small, finger-like projections on the free surface of epithelial cells that increase the surface area available for absorption or secretion. This adaptation allows for more efficient transport of substances into or out of the cell. Mitochondria are involved in cellular respiration and energy production, cilia are involved in movement, junctional complexes are involved in cell-cell adhesion, and Golgi complexes are involved in protein modification and packaging. While these organelles may be present in epithelial cells, they are not specifically adapted for absorption or secretion.

Question 18

Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by
A)keratin.
B)interfacial canals.
C)a basal lamina.
D)a reticular lamina.
E)proteoglycan.

Accepted Answer

Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by a basal lamina, which is a thin layer of extracellular matrix.

Question 19

Transitional epithelium is found
A)lining the urinary bladder.
B)lining the ducts that drain sweat glands.
C)lining kidney tubules.
D)lining the stomach.
E)at the surface of the skin.

Accepted Answer

Transitional epithelium is a specialized type of epithelium found in organs that must stretch to accommodate changes in volume or pressure, such as the urinary bladder. It allows the tissue to expand without tearing or damaging the underlying layers.

Question 20

The heart and blood vessels are lined by
A)pseudostratified columnar epithelium.
B)transitional epithelium.
C)simple cuboidal epithelium.
D)simple columnar epithelium.
E)simple squamous epithelium.

Accepted Answer

The heart and blood vessels are lined by a thin layer of endothelial cells which form a simple squamous epithelium. This type of epithelium is well suited for the role of the endothelium in allowing for easy diffusion of gases and nutrients through the walls of the blood vessels.

Quiz 4: The Tissue Level of Organization

Functions of epithelia include all of the following,except

A type of intercellular junction that stops materials from crossing an epithelium between cells is termed a(n)

Characteristics of epithelia include all of the following except

The tissue that always has a "top" and a "bottom" is

Epithelia specialized for providing sensations of smell,taste,sight,equilibrium,and hearing are known as

Examination of a tissue sample reveals groups of cells united by junctional complexes and interlocking membranes.The cells have one free surface and lack blood vessels.The tissue is most likely ________ tissue.

A layer of glycoproteins that prevents leakage of materials from connective tissues into epithelia is the

Which one of the following is not one of the four main tissue categories?

Dead skin cells are shed in thin sheets because they are held together by "spots" of proteoglycan reinforced by intermediate filaments.Such strong intercellular connections are called

The junction type that lets neighboring cells exchange small molecules is the

Germinative cells

You would find pseudostratified columnar epithelium lining the

In stratified epithelia adapted to resist mechanical forces,which of the following types of cell-to-cell junctions are especially abundant?

Epithelial cells exhibit modifications that adapt them for

Close examination of a healthy organ reveals a lining of several layers of cells.The layers do not contain any blood vessels and one surface of the cells lines the cavity of the organ.This tissue is a type of

Which tissue lines the small intestine and the stomach?

Epithelial cells that are adapted for absorption or secretion usually have ________ at their free surface.

Epithelium is connected to underlying connective tissue by

Transitional epithelium is found

The heart and blood vessels are lined by