Question 1

Wetlands are standing bodies of freshwater,just like lakes and ponds.However,wetlands are different from lakes and ponds because _____.
A)wetlands have shallow water
B)wetlands have emergent vegetation
C)wetlands have oxygen-poor water
D)wetlands have shallow water and emergent vegetation
E)wetlands have emergent vegetation and oxygen-poor water

Accepted Answer

Wetlands have shallow water and emergent vegetation, making them distinct from lakes and ponds. They also have unique soil types and hydrological characteristics that support a variety of specialized plant and animal species. While some wetlands may have oxygen-poor water, this is not a defining characteristic that sets them apart from lakes and ponds.

Question 2

In the limnetic zone,you are most likely to find which organism?
A)lobster
B)halibut
C)pike
D)clam

Accepted Answer

The limnetic zone is the open water area of a freshwater habitat such as a lake or pond. Organisms that can swim freely such as fish, including pike, are most likely to be found in this zone. Lobsters and clams are typically found in saltwater habitats, while halibut is not a freshwater fish.

Question 3

Which abiotic factor would have the most significant physiological effect on migrating salmon?
A)water solute content
B)competition for resources
C)ambient temperature
D)human-built structural interferences

Accepted Answer

A

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding turnover is true?
A)In fall turnover,dense water at 4°C sinks and disturbs sediments in the benthic zone.
B)In fall turnover,dense water at 4°C rises and disturbs sediments in the benthic zone.
C)The surface water gets to 4°C only by cooling.
D)Fall turnovers and spring turnovers are exactly the same.

Accepted Answer

In fall turnover, the surface water cools to 4°C, becomes denser, sinks, and disturbs sediments in the benthic zone.

Question 5

In deep water,which of the following abiotic factors would most limit productivity?
A)temperature
B)light availability
C)solute concentration
D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

In deep water, light availability would be the most limiting abiotic factor for productivity as photosynthesis cannot occur without sufficient light. Temperature and solute concentration may also have an impact, but they are typically more relevant in shallower waters where there is greater variation in temperature and salinity. Therefore, option B is the best choice as it is the most limiting factor for productivity in deep water.

Question 6

Figure 50.2

-Based on the data in Figure 50.2,which of the following statements is true?
A)Area 1 could be called a boreal forest.
B)Area 2 could be called a temperate grassland.
C)Area 1 could be called a tropical wet forest.
D)Area 2 could be tundra.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Figure 50.2

-Based on the...

Question 7

Which of the following terms does not describe aspects of how much plants in a biome grow?
A)productivity
B)net primary productivity
C)aboveground biomass
D)photosynthetic quotient

Accepted Answer

Photosynthetic quotient is not directly related to the growth or productivity of plants in a biome. It is a ratio that compares the amount of CO2 taken up during photosynthesis to the amount of O2 released. A, B, and C are all measures of plant growth and productivity in a biome.

Question 8

A fish swimming into a bog environment in Ohio would likely have which of the following as its greatest physiological challenge?
A)The low oxygen content would make it difficult for the fish to swim aerobically.
B)The low nitrogen content would make it difficult for the fish to synthesize proteins.
C)The high temperature would stress the fish by denaturing its proteins.
D)The high water flow would make the fish expend more energy.
E)The high methane content would make respiration difficult.

Accepted Answer

Bogs are characterized by low oxygen content due to the accumulation of organic matter that consumes oxygen during decay. This makes it difficult for fish to swim aerobically as they require oxygen for respiration. Nitrogen content, temperature, water flow, and methane content are not typically high in bog environments and therefore not the greatest physiological challenge for fish.

Question 9

Figure 50.1
 
-In Figure 50.1,which number would designate the arctic tundra biome?
A)2
B)3
C)4
D)5
E)The arctic tundra is not designated by a number in Figure 50.1.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Figure 50.1
 
-In Figure 50.1,which number would...

Question 10

Figure 50.3

-Based on the data in Figure 50.3,which of the following statements is false?
A)Area 1 has more average precipitation than Area 2.
B)Area 1 has a higher average temperature than Area 2.
C)Both areas have low variation in monthly precipitation.
D)Area 2 has a lower annual temperature variation compared to Area 1.

Accepted Answer

The statement is false because Area 2 having a lower annual temperature variation compared to Area 1 contradicts the data in Figure 50.3, which shows that Area 2 actually has a higher annual temperature variation.

Question 11

A fish swimming into an estuary from a river would have which of the following as its greatest physiological challenge?
A)The high water flow would make the fish expend more energy.
B)The low oxygen content would give the fish difficulty in swimming aerobically.
C)The temperature change would stress the fish by denaturing its proteins.
D)The change in water solute content would challenge the osmotic balance of the fish.
E)The flux of nutrients washing into the estuary would give the fish difficulty in swimming aerobically.

Accepted Answer

The change in water solute content would challenge the osmotic balance of the fish. When a fish moves from a freshwater river to a saltwater estuary, it would face the challenge of osmoregulation. In the freshwater, the fish would absorb water and lose salt while in the estuary it would lose water and absorb salt. To compensate for this, the fish must modify its physiological processes to adjust to the new environment.

Question 12

The specific abiotic factors defining a biome are _____.
A)maximum annual temperature and moisture levels
B)average annual temperature and moisture levels
C)annual variation in temperature and precipitation
D)maximum annual temperatures,moisture levels,and average annual temperature
E)average annual temperature,moisture levels,and annual variation in temperature and precipitation

Accepted Answer

The specific abiotic factors that define a biome are the average annual temperature, moisture levels, and annual variation in temperature and precipitation. These factors determine the dominant vegetation and adapted animal species in a particular biome. Maximum annual temperature and moisture levels, as well as average annual temperature alone, do not provide enough information to fully define a biome.

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding temperate grasslands is false?
A)Prairie fires can result from lightning strikes.
B)Grassland soils are not very fertile.
C)Grasslands are lower in productivity than tropical forest communities.
D)Grasslands have too little precipitation to support abundant tree growth.

Accepted Answer

Grassland soils are typically very fertile, which is why they are often converted to agricultural use.

Question 14

A fish species known for its success in the aphotic zone would likely not have which of the following characteristics?
A)symbioses with photosynthetic organisms
B)highly developed chemoreception
C)adaptations for burrowing
D)adaptations for sit-and-wait predation

Accepted Answer

Symbioses with photosynthetic organisms would not be beneficial for a fish species that lives in the aphotic zone where there is no light for photosynthesis to occur.

Question 15

Figure 50.1
 
-In Figure 50.1,which number would designate the biome with the highest variation in annual precipitation?
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Accepted Answer

The answer of Figure 50.1
 
-In Figure 50.1,which number would...

Question 16

Figure 50.3

-Based on the data in Figure 50.3,which of the following statements is true?
A)The data from Area 1 describes a subtropical desert.
B)The data from Area 2 describes an arctic tundra.
C)The data from Area 1 describes a tropical wet forest.
D)The data from Area 2 describes a boreal forest.

Accepted Answer

The data from Area 2 (11ea48b8_2342_2135_b057_47adf6665155_TB3734_00_TB3734_00) shows a much colder climate with low temperatures and low precipitation, indicating an arctic or boreal biome. Therefore, option D is the correct choice as it describes a boreal forest. Option A is incorrect as the data from Area 1 (11ea48b8_2342_2134_b057_99e0635b44a4_TB3734_00_TB3734_00) shows high temperatures and low precipitation which corresponds to a tropical or subtropical biome. Option B is incorrect as the data from Area 2 does not match the characteristics of an arctic tundra, which typically has even lower temperatures and less precipitation than what is shown in the figure. Option C is also incorrect as the data from Area 1, although indicating a warm and wet climate, does not have the level of precipitation characteristic of tropical wet forests.

Question 17

Figure 50.1
 
-Which of the following biomes has the highest variation in annual temperature?
A)subtropical deserts
B)arctic tundra
C)temperate forests
D)temperate grasslands
E)boreal forests

Accepted Answer

The answer of Figure 50.1
 
-Which of the following biomes...

Question 18

Figure 50.2

-Based on the data in Figure 50.2,which of the following statements is false?
A)Area 1 has more average precipitation than Area 2.
B)Area 1 would be considered a desert because of its high average temperature.
C)Area 2 would be considered a desert because of its low average precipitation.
D)Area 2 has a large annual temperature variation.

Accepted Answer

According to the data in Figure 50.2, Area 1 has an average precipitation of 40cm while Area 2 has an average precipitation of 20cm, proving statement A to be true. However, the average temperature of Area 1 is 20°C, which does not classify it as a desert. Furthermore, the average temperature of Area 2 is 30°C, indicating that it would be considered a desert due to its high temperature and low precipitation, making statement C true. The data also shows that Area 2 has a large annual temperature variation, proving statement D to be true. Therefore, the false statement is B, which wrongly states that Area 1 would be considered a desert due to its high temperature.

Question 19

Which level of ecological study focuses the most on abiotic factors?
A)speciation ecology
B)population ecology
C)community ecology
D)ecosystem ecology
E)None of the above focuses on abiotic factors.

Accepted Answer

Ecosystem ecology focuses on the interactions of biotic and abiotic factors in an ecosystem, with particular emphasis on the flow of energy and nutrients. Abiotic factors are a crucial component of ecosystem ecology, as they determine the physical and chemical constraints under which organisms must live. Speciation ecology focuses on the evolution of new species, population ecology on the dynamics of populations, and community ecology on the interactions between different species in a given area, although abiotic factors may influence all of these levels of ecological study.

Question 20

The carnivorous pitcher plant is successful in bog habitats because _____.
A)it can tolerate lack of oxygen in the bog water
B)it can tolerate the high acidity of the bog water
C)it has a strategy to get nitrogen,which gives it a competitive advantage
D)it can gain oxygen in an unusual way

Accepted Answer

The carnivorous pitcher plant is able to gain nitrogen from the insects it traps, giving it a competitive advantage in the bog habitat. This is because bog habitats are usually deficient in nitrogen due to their acidic and anaerobic conditions.

Quiz 50: An Introduction to Ecology

Wetlands are standing bodies of freshwater,just like lakes and ponds.However,wetlands are different from lakes and ponds because _____.

In the limnetic zone,you are most likely to find which organism?

Which abiotic factor would have the most significant physiological effect on migrating salmon?

Which of the following statements regarding turnover is true?

In deep water,which of the following abiotic factors would most limit productivity?

Figure 50.2 -Based on the data in Figure 50.2,which of the following statements is true?

Which of the following terms does not describe aspects of how much plants in a biome grow?

A fish swimming into a bog environment in Ohio would likely have which of the following as its greatest physiological challenge?

Figure 50.1 -In Figure 50.1,which number would designate the arctic tundra biome?

Figure 50.3 -Based on the data in Figure 50.3,which of the following statements is false?

A fish swimming into an estuary from a river would have which of the following as its greatest physiological challenge?

The specific abiotic factors defining a biome are _____.

Which of the following statements regarding temperate grasslands is false?

A fish species known for its success in the aphotic zone would likely not have which of the following characteristics?

Figure 50.1 -In Figure 50.1,which number would designate the biome with the highest variation in annual precipitation?

Figure 50.3 -Based on the data in Figure 50.3,which of the following statements is true?

Figure 50.1 -Which of the following biomes has the highest variation in annual temperature?

Figure 50.2 -Based on the data in Figure 50.2,which of the following statements is false?

Which level of ecological study focuses the most on abiotic factors?

The carnivorous pitcher plant is successful in bog habitats because _____.