Question 1

When you visit a restaurant that you've never been to before, you still have an idea of what will happen there because of your
A) syntax.
B) pragmatism.
C) prosody.
D) script.
E) research.

Accepted Answer

A script, in psychological terms, refers to a sequence of expected behaviors, actions, and events that individuals understand implicitly within a specific context, such as dining at a restaurant. This allows people to anticipate what will happen even in new places.

Question 2

A person who has a serious problem in articulating words, especially function words, may be suffering from
A) Broca's aphasia.
B) Wernicke's aphasia.
C) isolation aphasia.
D) phonological dyslexia.
E) surface dyslexia.

Accepted Answer

Broca's aphasia, also known as expressive aphasia, is characterized by difficulty in producing speech. Individuals with this condition often have a good understanding of language but struggle to articulate words, especially function words (like "is," "and," "the"), and form grammatically correct sentences, making it the correct choice.

Question 3

__________ often results from damage to Broca's area.
A) Phonological dyslexia
B) Surface dyslexia
C) Isolation aphasia
D) Agrammatism
E) Wernicke's aphasia

Accepted Answer

Agrammatism often results from damage to Broca's area, which is involved in the production of speech and language processing, leading to difficulties in forming complete sentences or using correct grammar.

Question 4

Agrammatism involves
A) recognizing spoken words.
B) an inability to comprehend speech.
C) difficulty in the production and comprehension of grammatical features.
D) an inability to pronounce the terms used to describe the grammatical features of a sentence.
E) deficits in the perception of speech.

Accepted Answer

Agrammatism is characterized by difficulty in the production and comprehension of grammatical features, often seen in individuals with Broca's aphasia.

Question 5

When people with Broca's aphasia hear the sentence "the cow was kicked by the horse"they are unable to decide which animal was kicked. The occurs because __________ is causing difficulty in __________ of grammatical elements of speech.
A) agrammatism; production
B) Wernicke's aphasia; production
C) agrammatism; comprehension
D) asemanticism; comprehension
E) word deafness; comprehension

Accepted Answer

Agrammatism, a symptom of Broca's aphasia, primarily affects comprehension (and production) of grammatical structures, making it difficult for individuals to understand complex sentences where grammatical cues indicate relationships between sentence elements.

Question 6

Research by Petitto and colleagues (2000) examining PET scans of both vocal and sign language users indicates that a region of the frontal cortex called __________ is probably responsible for grammatical sequences in language.
A) the auditory cortex
B) the motor centre
C) the insula
D) Wernicke's area
E) Broca's area

Accepted Answer

Petitto and colleagues' research using PET scans showed that both vocal and sign language users activate Broca's area, a region in the frontal cortex, when processing grammatical sequences in language. This suggests that Broca's area is responsible for this aspect of language processing, regardless of whether the language is spoken or signed.

Question 7

The brain structure that has been implicated in the recognition of spoken words is __________ area.
A) Broca's
B) Wernicke's
C) Carlson's
D) Merrill's
E) Chomsky's

Accepted Answer

Wernicke's area is known for its role in the comprehension of language, including the recognition of spoken words.

Question 8

A person who has a serious problem in the production and comprehension of speech may be suffering from
A) Broca's aphasia.
B) Wernicke's aphasia.
C) isolation aphasia.
D) phonological dyslexia.
E) agrammatism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person who has a serious problem...

Question 9

Suppose that a person approaches you on campus and says, "Oy've stent here walls and my gosh thay roped fourteen. We jus' took it to the bank and arranjen iss pedic."Since you just studied language and language use in your psychology class, you correctly note that this person seems to be suffering from
A) Broca's aphasia.
B) Wernicke's aphasia.
C) isolation aphasia.
D) phonological dyslexia.
E) agrammatism.

Accepted Answer

The person's speech is fluent but nonsensical, indicating a problem with understanding and producing meaningful language, which is characteristic of Wernicke's aphasia.

Question 10

Damage to Broca's area can cause __________. Damage to Wernicke's area can cause __________ .
A) agrammatism; pure word deafness
B) isolation aphasia; agrammatism
C) meaningless fluent speech; meaningful but slow speech
D) pure word deafness; isolation aphasia
E) isolation aphasia; pure word deafness

Accepted Answer

Damage to Broca's area can lead to agrammatism, a condition characterized by difficulty in using grammatical constructions, often resulting in telegraphic speech. Damage to Wernicke's area can lead to pure word deafness, where the individual may speak fluently but cannot understand spoken words.

Question 11

People with pure word deafness
A) are deaf.
B) cannot understand what others say to them.
C) cannot learn new sequences of words.
D) are unable to repeat strings of words that they read.
E) cannot learn to speak.

Accepted Answer

People with pure word deafness can hear sounds but have difficulty understanding spoken words, meaning they cannot comprehend what others say to them. This condition does not affect their ability to speak, read, or write.

Question 12

Damage to the posterior language area that surrounds __________ area disrupts the ability to __________ words.
A) Wernicke's; recognize
B) Wernicke's; understand
C) Broca's; understand
D) Broca's; recognize
E) Broca's; vocalize

Accepted Answer

The posterior language area that surrounds Wernicke's area is crucial for language comprehension. Damage to this area disrupts the ability to understand words, which is consistent with the symptoms of Wernicke's aphasia.

Question 13

People who have isolation aphasia can __________ but cannot __________.
A) produce meaningful speech; comprehend speech
B) comprehend speech; produce meaningful speech
C) comprehend speech; learn new word sequences
D) repeat others' speech; produce meaningful speech
E) produce meaningful speech; repeat others speech

Accepted Answer

The answer of People who have isolation aphasia can __________...

Question 14

Studies by Peterson and colleagues (1988) using PET scanners to study neural activity of people with healthy brains has shown that the sound of words activates
A) the left posterior temporal lobe (the region of Wernicke's area).
B) the right anterior temporal lobe.
C) Broca's area.
D) both frontal lobes (the region that surrounds Broca's area).
E) all areas of the brain equally.

Accepted Answer

The study by Peterson and colleagues found that the sound of words activates the left posterior temporal lobe, which is associated with Wernicke's area, a region involved in language comprehension.

Question 15

If we hear a story, understanding it involves __________ but then retelling it to someone else involves __________.
A) Broca's area; Wernicke's area
B) the posterior language area; Wernicke's area
C) Wernicke's area; Broca's area
D) Broca's area; the posterior language area
E) the visual association cortex; the posterior language area

Accepted Answer

The answer of If we hear a story, understanding it...

Question 16

People who suffer from autotopagnosia cannot
A) write.
B) repeat words that they hear spoken.
C) produce or comprehend meaningful speech.
D) name their body parts.
E) repeat words that they read.

Accepted Answer

Autotopagnosia is a disorder where individuals have difficulty recognizing, identifying, or naming their own body parts or the body parts of others, which directly relates to choice D.

Question 17

Given the instruction "put your hands on your head,"Pearl does not know where to put her hands, although most of her speech processing and production is normal. She is probably suffering from
A) propagnosia.
B) isolation aphasia.
C) agrammatism.
D) autotopagnosia.
E) Broca's aphasia.

Accepted Answer

Autotopagnosia is a disorder that affects the ability to recognize or localize body parts. Pearl's difficulty in understanding where to put her hands, despite having normal speech processing and production, suggests a problem with recognizing or identifying parts of her own body, which aligns with autotopagnosia.

Question 18

With the exception of the __________ language, most modern languages use an alphabetic writing system.
A) Latin
B) Roman
C) Chinese
D) Aleutian
E) Greek

Accepted Answer

Chinese is the correct answer because it primarily uses a logographic system for its writing, known as Chinese characters, rather than an alphabetic system.

Question 19

The __________ alphabet was originally developed to represent the sounds of the __________ language.
A) Phoenician; Roman
B) Latin; Greek
C) Greek; Phoenician
D) Roman; Latin
E) Chinese; Roman

Accepted Answer

The Roman alphabet, also known as the Latin alphabet, was originally developed to represent the sounds of the Latin language.

Question 20

When we read, we perceive things
A) continuously as the eye scans the page.
B) only during brief periods of inflection.
C) only once we have finished reading a complete sentence.
D) only during brief periods of eye fixation.
E) only once we have completed each complete thought.

Accepted Answer

When reading, we perceive information during brief periods of eye fixation, known as saccades, rather than continuously as the eye moves across the page.

Quiz 10: Language

When you visit a restaurant that you've never been to before, you still have an idea of what will happen there because of your

A person who has a serious problem in articulating words, especially function words, may be suffering from

__________ often results from damage to Broca's area.

Agrammatism involves

When people with Broca's aphasia hear the sentence "the cow was kicked by the horse"they are unable to decide which animal was kicked. The occurs because is causing difficulty in of grammatical elements of speech.

Research by Petitto and colleagues (2000) examining PET scans of both vocal and sign language users indicates that a region of the frontal cortex called __________ is probably responsible for grammatical sequences in language.

The brain structure that has been implicated in the recognition of spoken words is __________ area.

A person who has a serious problem in the production and comprehension of speech may be suffering from

Damage to Broca's area can cause . Damage to Wernicke's area can cause .

People with pure word deafness

Damage to the posterior language area that surrounds area disrupts the ability to words.

People who have isolation aphasia can but cannot .

Studies by Peterson and colleagues (1988) using PET scanners to study neural activity of people with healthy brains has shown that the sound of words activates

If we hear a story, understanding it involves but then retelling it to someone else involves .

People who suffer from autotopagnosia cannot

Given the instruction "put your hands on your head,"Pearl does not know where to put her hands, although most of her speech processing and production is normal. She is probably suffering from

With the exception of the __________ language, most modern languages use an alphabetic writing system.

The alphabet was originally developed to represent the sounds of the language.

When we read, we perceive things