Labeling Theory Holds That Deviance Is Not a Quality of the Act

Labeling theory holds that deviance is not a quality of the act because it

A) is the result of personality factors associated with committing deviance.
B) is the result of the application by others of rules and sanctions to one labeled deviant.
C) is a consequence of the violation of the criminal code and being caught.
D) reflects a condition of anomie for those trapped in social structure.