Data from gapminder.org on 184 countries was used to examine if there is an association between (average) female life expectancy (that is, the average lifespan of women in the country) and the average number of children women give birth to for the year 2019. A scatterplot of the data follows.
-The p-value for this test is less than 0.001. What can we conclude?
A) We have strong evidence that average number of children per woman is associated with female life expectancy.
B) We have strong evidence that an increase in average number of children per woman will decrease female life expectancy.
C) We have strong evidence that an increase in female life expectancy will decrease the average number of children per woman.
D) We have strong evidence that average number of children per woman is not associated with female life expectancy.

Question

Data from gapminder.org on 184 countries was used to examine if there is an association between (average) female life expectancy (that is, the average lifespan of women in the country) and the average number of children women give birth to for the year 2019. A scatterplot of the data follows. 
-The p-value for this test is less than 0.001. What can we conclude?
A) We have strong evidence that average number of children per woman is associated with female life expectancy. 
B) We have strong evidence that an increase in average number of children per woman will decrease female life expectancy. 
C) We have strong evidence that an increase in female life expectancy will decrease the average number of children per woman. 
D) We have strong evidence that average number of children per woman is not associated with female life expectancy.

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

A p-value less than 0.001 indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis, suggesting a significant association between the average number of children per woman and female life expectancy.

Data from Gapminder