Question 1

Including your client in the process of answering your practice question is a standard part of the evidence-based practice process.

Accepted Answer

Including the client in the process ensures that their preferences, values, and needs are considered, making it a fundamental aspect of the evidence-based practice process.

Question 2

The accreditation standards related to research and the use of evidence-based practice are the same for all types of entry-level occupational therapy programs.

Accepted Answer

Accreditation standards related to research and the use of evidence-based practice can vary between different types of entry-level occupational therapy programs, such as master's and doctoral levels, reflecting the varying depth and focus of research training and application expected at each level.

Question 3

An effective strategy for keeping up with current evidence is to sign up for alerts with electronic databases when an article related to a key word is published.

Accepted Answer

Signing up for alerts with electronic databases allows individuals to receive notifications when new articles related to specific keywords are published, ensuring they stay updated with the latest evidence and research findings in their field of interest.

Question 4

The principles that guide teaching adult occupational therapy practitioners to use evidence-based practice strategies are the same principles used to guide educational strategies across the life span.

Accepted Answer

The principles guiding the teaching of adult occupational therapy practitioners to use evidence-based practice strategies are tailored to adult learning theories and may differ from those used across the entire lifespan, which would need to accommodate the developmental and cognitive stages of children and adolescents. Adult learning often emphasizes self-directed learning, practical application, and relevance to professional practice, which may not be the focus in educational strategies for younger learners.

Question 5

A tool used to record the key characteristics, findings, strengths, and limitations of the materials that have been uncovered and appraised during a search in a compact and manageable format is best called:
A) A bibliographic database.
B) Levels of evidence.
C) An extraction matrix.
D) A comparative analysis.

Accepted Answer

An extraction matrix is specifically designed to systematically record and organize key details from various sources, making it easier to compare and analyze the information collected during research. This tool is particularly useful in literature reviews and evidence synthesis projects.

Question 6

The use of PICO is associated with which step of the evidence-based process?
A) Locating resources
B) Implementing the findings within your practice
C) Conducting a critical appraisal
D) Setting a question related to a practice problem

Accepted Answer

PICO is a framework used to formulate clinical questions in evidence-based practice, helping to clearly define the problem, intervention, comparison, and outcome.

Question 7

A systematic approach to capture, collect, and share tacit knowledge in order for it to become explicit knowledge is best called:
A) Patient education.
B) Training and development.
C) Knowledge transfer.
D) Evidence translation.

Accepted Answer

Knowledge transfer is the process of capturing, collecting, and sharing tacit knowledge to make it explicit, allowing it to be more easily communicated and applied within an organization or group.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a type of validity used to determine whether or not a research design or a measurement tool was able to capture what it intended to capture?
A) Performance validity
B) Criterion validity
C) Construct validity
D) Content validity

Accepted Answer

Performance validity is not a standard term used to describe a type of validity in research methodology. Criterion validity, construct validity, and content validity are all established types of validity used to assess the effectiveness of a research design or measurement tool.

Question 9

Which of the following is a service provided by journals whereby alerts are e-mailed whenever articles that include key words you submit are published?
A) PICO alerts
B) Electronic table of contents alerts
C) Critical appraisal matrix alerts
D) Evidence-based practice alerts

Accepted Answer

Electronic table of contents alerts are services provided by journals that notify subscribers via email when new articles containing specified keywords are published. This helps researchers and professionals stay updated with the latest developments in their field of interest.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the limitations of adult learning principles and characteristics identified by Knowles as presented in Chapter 18?
A) There is much more evidence of applicability to those in early adulthood than those in later adulthood.
B) The principles and characteristics apply to adults in work-related learning only.
C) The principles and characteristics apply to adults in leisure- and hobby-related learning but may not transfer to the workplace.
D) They may not be universally applicable and may be Eurocentric.

Accepted Answer

Knowles' principles of adult learning have been critiqued for not being universally applicable and potentially being Eurocentric, meaning they might not fully account for cultural differences in learning styles and preferences across different global contexts.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a step in the evidence-based practice process as presented in Chapter 18?
A) Acquire evidence that may contain information relevant to the question.
B) Evaluate the results.
C) Scan the environment to determine what types of evidence-based practice questions will be well received.
D) Present the evidence to those who must act on it.

Accepted Answer

Scanning the environment to determine what types of evidence-based practice questions will be well received is not a step in the evidence-based practice process as outlined in typical methodologies. The process focuses on identifying a question, acquiring, appraising, and applying evidence, and then evaluating the outcomes, rather than assessing the reception of potential questions.

Question 12

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the terms translational research and knowledge transfer in regard to occupational therapy as presented in Chapter 18?
A) Translational research could be more appropriate to medically focused treatment such as new medications, and knowledge transfer might be more appropriate to the sharing and application of knowledge within occupational therapy.
B) Knowledge transfer is a more general term related to all sciences, and translational research is more specific to the translation of specific research to direct clinical interventions and might be more appropriate to the sharing and application of knowledge within occupational therapy.
C) Both terms relate to more medically focused and basic science research, and neither appropriately describes the sharing and application of knowledge within occupational therapy.
D) There is no functional difference between the terms; they should be considered synonyms and reflect the same meaning.

Accepted Answer

Translational research is often associated with the application of findings from basic science to enhance human health and well-being, which can include medically focused treatments like new medications. Knowledge transfer, on the other hand, involves the dissemination and practical application of knowledge, which is crucial in fields like occupational therapy for implementing evidence-based practices.

Question 13

Which of the following are benefits of shared values in the workplace?
A) They help turn commonplace, routine work into valued activities.
B) They create a connection between the organization's mission and society's values.
C) They provide a source of competitive advantage to the organization.
D) All of the above.

Accepted Answer

Shared values in the workplace can transform routine tasks into meaningful activities, align the organization's mission with societal values, and offer a competitive advantage by fostering a cohesive and motivated workforce.

Question 14

In regard to the scholarship-related standards for accreditation in OTA educational programs, master's-entry and doctoral-entry educational programs for the OT, which of the following is true?
A) The research-related standards are the same in both types of entry-level programs.
B) A side-by-side comparison of the accreditation standards related to scholarship shows increasingly complex expectations across educational programs as one moves from occupational therapy assistant education to education of occupational therapists at the master's and doctoral levels.
C) Doctoral-entry standards differ only in the addition of expectations to evaluate qualitative research in addition to evaluating quantitative research.
D) Doctoral-entry standards differ only in that they require doctoral students to teach evidence-based practice to others.

Accepted Answer

The accreditation standards related to scholarship for occupational therapy educational programs are designed to reflect a progression in complexity and depth as one moves from the education of occupational therapy assistants (OTAs) to the education of occupational therapists at the master's and doctoral levels. This progression ensures that as the level of education and responsibility in the field increases, so too do the expectations for understanding, engaging in, and contributing to scholarship and research.

Question 15

Which of the following would best describe adult learners?
A) Adult learners learn in the same manner and for the same reasons as children.
B) Adult learners tend to be more dependent on others for motivation because they do not routinely participate in learning experiences.
C) Adult learners almost always are involved in learning only for financial gain such as a promotion.
D) Adult learners are self-directed, goal-oriented, and may have multiple internal and external motivations for learning.

Accepted Answer

Adult learners are typically characterized by their self-direction, goal-orientation, and a variety of motivations for learning, which can include personal development, career advancement, and other internal or external factors. Unlike children, adults often engage in learning voluntarily and bring a wealth of experience to their educational pursuits.

Question 16

Which of the following is not an element of a well-defined clinical question?
A) A specific client group or population
B) The assessment, treatment, or other clinical issues that you are addressing
C) The source where you are obtaining data
D) The outcome in which you are interested

Accepted Answer

The source where you are obtaining data is not an element of a well-defined clinical question. A well-defined clinical question typically includes the population, the intervention or issue of interest, and the outcome, but not the data source.

Question 17

Which of the following accurately represents PICO?
A) (P) patient or client (population), (I) intervention, (C) comparison, and (O) outcome
B) (P) patient or client (population), (I) interviews, (C) comparison, and (O) outcome
C) (P) patient or client (population), (I) intervention, (C) critical appraisal, and (O) outcome
D) (P) patient or client (population), (I) intervention, (C) comparison, and (O) orientation

Accepted Answer

PICO stands for (P) patient or client (population), (I) intervention, (C) comparison, and (O) outcome, which is a framework used for formulating research questions and guiding literature searches in evidence-based practice.

Question 18

Which of the following is not a positive attribute of effective communication of a message on evidence-based practice for consumers or payers?
A) Nontechnical, simple, and concrete language with simple grammatical structure
B) Terms that cross cultures and perspectives
C) Specific detail providing in-depth explanation of all information that can be shared
D) Checks for confusion or lack of comprehension

Accepted Answer

Effective communication of a message on evidence-based practice for consumers or payers should be clear, concise, and easily understandable. Providing too much specific detail with in-depth explanations can overwhelm the audience, making the communication less effective.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes knowledge transfer?
A) It is a systematic approach to capture, collect, and share tacit knowledge in order for its transfer to become explicit knowledge or to impart research knowledge from producers to potential users.
B) It is an effective translation of the new knowledge, mechanisms, and techniques generated by advances in basic science research into new approaches for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, which is essential for improving health.
C) It is the evaluation of the effectiveness of original science or knowledge and the determination if additional research to help with application to the real world is appropriate.
D) It is the transfer of approved research protocols from one setting to another to help with validation of the research questions, study design, and data collection methodologies.

Accepted Answer

Knowledge transfer involves the systematic approach to capturing and sharing both tacit and explicit knowledge, making it accessible so that others can learn from it. This process is crucial for spreading knowledge within organizations or between individuals to enhance learning and understanding.

Question 20

Which of the following is not one of the four Es presented to improve the reliability of knowledge transfer?
A) Engage
B) Educate
C) Encourage
D) Evaluate

Accepted Answer

The four Es typically presented to improve the reliability of knowledge transfer are Engage, Educate, Evaluate, and Ensure. "Encourage" is not commonly listed among these principles.

Quiz 18: Introducing Others to Evidence-Based Practice

Including your client in the process of answering your practice question is a standard part of the evidence-based practice process.

The accreditation standards related to research and the use of evidence-based practice are the same for all types of entry-level occupational therapy programs.

An effective strategy for keeping up with current evidence is to sign up for alerts with electronic databases when an article related to a key word is published.

The principles that guide teaching adult occupational therapy practitioners to use evidence-based practice strategies are the same principles used to guide educational strategies across the life span.

A tool used to record the key characteristics, findings, strengths, and limitations of the materials that have been uncovered and appraised during a search in a compact and manageable format is best called:

The use of PICO is associated with which step of the evidence-based process?

A systematic approach to capture, collect, and share tacit knowledge in order for it to become explicit knowledge is best called:

Which of the following is not a type of validity used to determine whether or not a research design or a measurement tool was able to capture what it intended to capture?

Which of the following is a service provided by journals whereby alerts are e-mailed whenever articles that include key words you submit are published?

Which of the following best describes the limitations of adult learning principles and characteristics identified by Knowles as presented in Chapter 18?

Which of the following is not a step in the evidence-based practice process as presented in Chapter 18?

Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between the terms translational research and knowledge transfer in regard to occupational therapy as presented in Chapter 18?

Which of the following are benefits of shared values in the workplace?

In regard to the scholarship-related standards for accreditation in OTA educational programs, master's-entry and doctoral-entry educational programs for the OT, which of the following is true?

Which of the following would best describe adult learners?

Which of the following is not an element of a well-defined clinical question?

Which of the following accurately represents PICO?

Which of the following is not a positive attribute of effective communication of a message on evidence-based practice for consumers or payers?

Which of the following best describes knowledge transfer?

Which of the following is not one of the four Es presented to improve the reliability of knowledge transfer?