Question 1

Co-sleeping tends to be more common in cultures who value interdependence.

Accepted Answer

Co-sleeping is often a cultural practice that reflects the social values and beliefs of the society. In cultures that prioritize interdependence and closeness in relationships, co-sleeping is more common as it fosters a sense of togetherness and connection. In cultures that prioritize independence and self-reliance, co-sleeping may be less common as it is seen as a hindrance to a child's autonomy.

Question 2

Jeffrey is a three-year-old who is beginning to make connections between people's thoughts, intentions, and behaviors. According to Wellman (2002), Jeffrey is developing
A) a theory of mind.
B) a temperament.
C) motor skills.
D) retinal disparity.

Accepted Answer

Jeffrey's ability to understand that people have mental states such as beliefs, intentions, and desires is indicative of his development of a theory of mind.

Question 3

To locomote means to move.

Accepted Answer

To locomote means to move from one place to another.

Question 4

Infant crying is typically accompanied by agitated and uncoordinated movement.

Accepted Answer

Infants often cry with agitated and uncoordinated movement, as they do not yet have full control of their motor skills and may express their distress through various physical movements.

Question 5

REM sleep becomes significantly more common between birth and age two years.

Accepted Answer

The answer of REM sleep becomes significantly more common between...

Question 6

Encouraging parents to have newborns sleep on their backs has lead to a significant reduction in the incidence of sudden infant death syndrome.

Accepted Answer

This is true. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that babies be placed to sleep on their backs to reduce the risk of SIDS. Since this recommendation was introduced in the 1990s, there has been a significant decrease in the number of SIDS deaths.

Question 7

Infants typically triple their body weight by the time of their first birthday.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Infants usually triple their body weight by the time they turn one year old.

Question 8

Experience does not influence brain development.

Accepted Answer

Experience is crucial for brain development, as it influences the formation of neural connections and the organization of brain regions. Research has shown that experiences such as learning, social interaction, and exposure to enriched environments can change the structure and function of the brain.

Question 9

Synaptic pruning significantly increases the number of neural connections in the brain.

Accepted Answer

Synaptic pruning is the process of eliminating unnecessary or weak neural connections, which reduces the overall number of connections in the brain.

Question 10

Reflexes are learned responses.

Accepted Answer

Reflexes are involuntary actions that occur automatically in response to a stimulus, they are not learned responses.

Question 11

Neurotransmitters are released by the terminal buttons.

Accepted Answer

Neurotransmitters are indeed released by the terminal buttons, which are located at the ends of axons in the nervous system. When an action potential reaches the terminal button, it triggers the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft, which then bind to receptors on the post-synaptic neuron and transmit a signal.

Question 12

Body size is the key determinate of malnutrition in infancy.

Accepted Answer

Body size is a key determinant of malnutrition in infancy. Infants who are smaller in size are at greater risk of malnutrition than those who are larger. This is because smaller infants have fewer reserves and are more susceptible to infections and other health problems that can lead to malnutrition. Additionally, smaller infants may have difficulty breastfeeding or consuming enough formula, which can also contribute to malnutrition.

Question 13

The neural plate develops into the brain and spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

The neural plate is a structure that forms during embryonic development and ultimately gives rise to the brain and spinal cord. This process is called neurulation. As the neural plate folds inwards, it forms a groove called the neural groove, which eventually becomes the neural tube. The cells of the neural tube differentiate into various types of neurons and glial cells to produce the central nervous system.

Question 14

The human brain consists of four hemispheres.

Accepted Answer

The human brain consists of two hemispheres - the left hemisphere and the right hemisphere. Each hemisphere controls different functions and is connected by a bundle of fibers called the corpus callosum.

Question 15

Less than 1 percent of American children do not have adequate food.

Accepted Answer

According to data from the USDA, as of 2019, 10.5% of American households with children were food insecure, meaning they did not have access to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members. This translates to approximately 13.6 million children who may not have adequate access to food.

Question 16

A child with high effortful control is able to maintain focus and is less distractible.

Accepted Answer

High effortful control is associated with the ability to inhibit distraction and maintain attention and focus.

Question 17

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tracks blood flow in the brain.

Accepted Answer

fMRI detects changes in oxygen levels in the blood, which is a measure of blood flow in the brain.

Question 18

Breast-fed babies are ill less often than bottle-fed babies.

Accepted Answer

Breast milk contains antibodies that help protect babies from getting sick, making breast-fed babies less likely to become ill compared to those who are bottle-fed.

Question 19

Waking activity means that a baby is awake, calm, and attentive.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Waking activity means that a baby is...

Question 20

A mad cry is a more intense version of a basic cry.

Accepted Answer

A mad cry is a cry that is more intense and urgent, usually indicating distress or pain. It is the response of a baby when they are extremely upset or uncomfortable, often resulting in inconsolable crying.

Quiz 3: Tools for Exploring the World: Physical, Perceptual, and Motor Development