Question 1

What philosophy supports the belief that all children, regardless of the severity of their disability, must be provided an education appropriate to their unique needs at no cost to the parent/guardian?
A) Equal opportunity
B) Integration
C) Least restrictive environment
D) Zero reject

Accepted Answer

The philosophy that supports the belief that all children, regardless of the severity of their disability, must be provided an education appropriate to their unique needs at no cost to the parent/guardian is known as the "zero reject" philosophy. This philosophy is based on the idea that no child should be excluded from receiving an education due to their disability. It is considered a foundational principle of special education and is mandated by law under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).

Question 2

What model does Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 employ?
A) Diagnostic
B) Functional
C) Categorical
D) Rehabilitative

Accepted Answer

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 employs a functional model, which requires schools to provide reasonable accommodations and modifications in order to ensure that students with disabilities can have equal access to education and educational opportunities. This model focuses on a student's functional limitations and needs, rather than on diagnoses or labels.

Question 3

Standardized tests linked to interindividual differences are called
A) Criterion-referenced tests
B) Norm-referenced tests
C) Curriculum-based measurements
D) Mastery-based assessments

Accepted Answer

Norm-referenced tests compare an individual's performance to the performance of a norm group, allowing for the identification of interindividual differences. Criterion-referenced tests measure an individual's performance against a predetermined standard, while curriculum-based measurements and mastery-based assessments are methods for monitoring student progress in relation to specific academic goals.

Question 4

What procedure for identifying students with a disability did IDEA 2004 provide as an alternative to the discrepancy model?
A) Child find
B) Response to intervention
C) Mainstreaming
D) Least restrictive environment

Accepted Answer

IDEA 2004 provided the response to intervention (RTI) as an alternative to the discrepancy model for identifying students with a disability. RTI is a multi-tiered approach to identifying and supporting students with academic or behavioral difficulties, where students receive increasingly intensive interventions based on their level of need. This approach allows for earlier identification and intervention for students with disabilities, rather than waiting for a significant discrepancy between their expected and actual performance.

Question 5

What is the IDEA-mandated process of screening and identification of individuals suspected of having a disability?
A) Brigance
B) Child seek
C) Child find
D) SCOPE

Accepted Answer

Child find is the IDEA-mandated process of identifying children suspected of having a disability. It requires school districts to actively locate, identify, and evaluate all children, ages birth through 21, who may have a disability that affects their ability to learn and participate in school. The other options, Brigance and SCOPE, are specific assessment tools that may be used as part of the screening and evaluation process, but they do not encompass the entire IDEA-mandated process. Child seek is not a term used within IDEA.

Question 6

What landmark case declared segregation unlawful and laid the groundwork for increasing educational access for students with disabilities?
A) Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas
B) Smith v. Board of Education of Philadelphia
C) Diana v. State Board of Education
D) Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

Accepted Answer

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas declared segregation unlawful and paved the way for more inclusive education practices. While Diana v. State Board of Education established the right to diagnostic testing and remediation for students with disabilities, Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania established the right to a free, appropriate public education for children with disabilities. However, neither of these cases directly dealt with segregation or declared it unlawful like Brown v. Board of Education did. Smith v. Board of Education of Philadelphia is not a landmark case related to education or disability rights.

Question 7

Which amendment includes the equal protection clause?
A) First Amendment
B) Fourth Amendment
C) Eleventh Amendment
D) Fourteenth Amendment

Accepted Answer

The equal protection clause is part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which was ratified in 1868. It states that no state shall deny any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. This clause has been used to challenge discrimination on the basis of race, gender, and other protected characteristics.

Question 8

Select the first step in determining whether or not a student has a disability.
A) Collect preliminary assessment data using standardized protocols.
B) Secure parent permission for student evaluation.
C) Implement instruction in alternate educational settings to assess learning impact.
D) Provide accommodations and modifications to assess learning impact.

Accepted Answer

Before any evaluation or assessment can occur, parent permission is required according to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) and the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA). Therefore, securing parent permission is the first step in determining if a student has a disability.

Question 9

When must an individualized education program be developed following the determination of a disability?
A) 14 days
B) 30 days
C) 60 days
D) 90 days

Accepted Answer

An individualized education program (IEP) must be developed within 30 days of determining that a child has a disability and needs special education services. This timeline is set by federal law under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).

Question 10

Select the public law that was the "bill of rights" for children with exceptionalities and their families.
A) PL 90-112
B) PL 94-142
C) PL 98-192
D) PL 94-132

Accepted Answer

PL 94-142, also known as the Education for All Handicapped Children Act, was the "bill of rights" for children with exceptionalities and their families. It required that public schools provide a free appropriate public education (FAPE) to all children with disabilities, and outlined the rights and protections for parents and students.

Question 11

What type of plan is developed for students ages birth to 2 years who are experiencing a developmental delay or have a high probability of a developmental delay?
A) Individualized education program
B) Individualized assistance plan
C) Educational assistance plan
D) Individualized family service plan

Accepted Answer

An individualized family service plan (IFSP) is developed for students ages birth to 2 who are experiencing a developmental delay or have a high probability of a developmental delay. The IFSP outlines services and goals for the child and family, and involves collaboration with families, service providers, and other relevant parties. An individualized education program (IEP) is developed for students ages 3-21 with special needs who are eligible for special education services in a school setting. The other options, individualized assistance plans and educational assistance plans, are not commonly used terms in special education and do not refer specifically to plans for children with developmental delays.

Question 12

What is a written request to evaluate a student to determine whether or not the child has a disability?
A) Request for assistance
B) Referral
C) Eligibility determination
D) Manifestation determination

Accepted Answer

A written request to evaluate a student to determine whether or not the child has a disability is called a referral. A referral can be made by a parent or teacher, and it is the first step in the special education process. The referral triggers an evaluation process where the student is assessed to determine if they have a disability and, if so, what services and accommodations they may need to succeed in school.

Question 13

What should occur before initiating a referral for special education services?
A) Nine weeks from the first recognition of a potential disability
B) Provision of accommodations and modifications
C) Related service provision
D) Prereferral interventions

Accepted Answer

Prereferral interventions should occur before initiating a referral for special education services. These interventions may include screening, observation, and targeted interventions to address the student's needs before considering special education services. This process is often referred to as Response to Intervention (RTI) or Multi-Tiered System of Supports (MTSS).

Question 14

The age restriction stipulated by Section 504 is
A) The same as IDEA age restrictions
B) Ages 6 to 18 years
C) Ages birth to 26 years
D) There is no age restriction

Accepted Answer

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act does not have specific age restrictions; it applies to individuals with disabilities in programs receiving federal financial assistance, regardless of age.

Question 15

What did PL 101-476 rename PL 94-142?
A) No Child Left Behind
B) Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act
C) Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
D) Americans with Disabilities Act

Accepted Answer

PL 101-476 renamed PL 94-142 as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).

Question 16

The achievement of which students are the focus of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB)Act?
A) Students with disabilities
B) Students without disabilities
C) All students
D) Preschool students

Accepted Answer

The No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) aimed to improve academic outcomes for all students, regardless of socio-economic background or race. Therefore, the focus of the act is on all students, not just those with disabilities or without disabilities. The legislation held schools accountable for the academic progress of every student, including those who historically have been underserved such as low-income and minority students.

Question 17

Select the measure of emphasis used to determine a school's progress of meeting mandates of the No Child Left Behind Act.
A) Standardized tests
B) Semester grades
C) Class averages
D) Benchmark scores

Accepted Answer

Standardized tests are the measure of emphasis used to determine a school's progress of meeting mandates of the No Child Left Behind Act. This is because the act requires schools to administer these tests to students in order to assess their proficiency in subjects such as reading and math. The results of these tests are then used to evaluate the school's progress in meeting the act's mandates.

Question 18

PL 99-457 extended the scope of educational services provided by PL 94-142 to support which population?
A) High school students
B) Middle school students
C) Elementary students
D) Children ages birth to 5 years of age

Accepted Answer

PL 99-457 extended the scope of educational services provided by PL 94-142 to support children ages birth to 5 years of age. It established early intervention services for infants, toddlers, and their families and increased federal funding for special education services for children with disabilities.

Question 19

PL 101-476 identified what disability/disabilities as distinct categories?
A) Traumatic brain injury
B) Autism
C) All of the above
D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

PL 101-476, also known as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), identified both traumatic brain injury and autism as distinct disability categories, along with other categories such as intellectual disability, deafness, and emotional disturbance.

Question 20

Standardized tests linked to intraindividual differences are called
A) Criterion-referenced tests
B) Norm-referenced tests
C) Curriculum-based measurements
D) Mastery-based assessments

Accepted Answer

The answer of Standardized tests linked to intraindividual differences are...

Quiz 2: Policies Practices and Programs

What philosophy supports the belief that all children, regardless of the severity of their disability, must be provided an education appropriate to their unique needs at no cost to the parent/guardian?

What model does Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 employ?

Standardized tests linked to interindividual differences are called

What procedure for identifying students with a disability did IDEA 2004 provide as an alternative to the discrepancy model?

What is the IDEA-mandated process of screening and identification of individuals suspected of having a disability?

What landmark case declared segregation unlawful and laid the groundwork for increasing educational access for students with disabilities?

Which amendment includes the equal protection clause?

Select the first step in determining whether or not a student has a disability.

When must an individualized education program be developed following the determination of a disability?

Select the public law that was the "bill of rights" for children with exceptionalities and their families.

What type of plan is developed for students ages birth to 2 years who are experiencing a developmental delay or have a high probability of a developmental delay?

What is a written request to evaluate a student to determine whether or not the child has a disability?

What should occur before initiating a referral for special education services?

The age restriction stipulated by Section 504 is

What did PL 101-476 rename PL 94-142?

The achievement of which students are the focus of the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act?

Select the measure of emphasis used to determine a school's progress of meeting mandates of the No Child Left Behind Act.

PL 99-457 extended the scope of educational services provided by PL 94-142 to support which population?

PL 101-476 identified what disability/disabilities as distinct categories?

Standardized tests linked to intraindividual differences are called