Question 1

Bethenny is conducting a study on the relationship between teacher-student interaction and student learning outcomes. Bethenny must choose a sample for her study, so she firsts obtains a list of all potential participants in her study population (students attending Ohio University). The students accessible to her are referred to as which of the following?
A)theoretical population
B)sampling frame
C)sampling population
D)simple sample

Accepted Answer

The sampling frame refers to the actual list of individuals from which a sample will be drawn, in this case, the list of students attending Ohio University that Bethenny has access to for her study.

Question 2

Bethenny is conducting a study on the relationship between teacher-student interaction and student learning outcomes. While Bethenny would like to generalize her study results to all college students, she cannot possibly sample students at every college in the United States. Because of this, Bethenny must use which type of sampling type?
A)probability sampling
B)nonprobability sampling
C)stratified random sampling
D)cluster sampling

Accepted Answer

Bethenny must use nonprobability sampling because she cannot sample students at every college, making it impractical to use methods that require a complete list of all members of the population (as in probability sampling techniques). Nonprobability sampling allows for the selection of participants in a way that does not give every individual an equal chance of being chosen, which is more feasible in her situation.

Question 3

Carlos runs a study where he wants to compare blind and deaf college students and their perceptions of professor sensitivity to the needs of other-impaired students. To conduct his study, he contacts organizations consisting of blind and deaf college student groups at universities across the country. He then randomly selects members from each organization for participation in his study. What form of probability sampling did he use?
A)simple random sample
B)stratified random sample
C)cluster sample
D)systematic sample

Accepted Answer

Carlos used a stratified random sample because he divided the population into two distinct groups (strata) - blind and deaf college students - and then randomly selected members from each group.

Question 4

Bethenny selects the sample for her study by determining the sample size needed from the population and selecting every "nth" person from the population for inclusion in the study. Which type of sample is Bethenny using?
A)stratified sample
B)convenience sample
C)systematic sample
D)volunteer sample

Accepted Answer

Bethenny is using a systematic sample, as she selects every "nth" person from the population, which is characteristic of this sampling method.

Question 5

Which sampling-related theory states the idea that the mean of the scores obtained from the probability sample will be equal to the mean of the scores obtained from the population?
A)quasi-sampling theory
B)central limits theorem
C)probability sampling theory
D)regression to the mean theory

Accepted Answer

The Central Limit Theorem states that the sampling distribution of the sample means approaches a normal distribution as the sample size gets larger, regardless of the shape of the population distribution. This theorem implies that the mean of the sample means will equal the population mean, which is the idea described in the question.

Question 6

Which of the following samples is chosen to ensure that the number of volunteers recruited for a study is proportionate or equal to the number of group members in the population?
A)proportionate quota sample
B)quota sample
C)stratified sample
D)nonproportionate quota sample

Accepted Answer

A proportionate quota sample ensures that the number of volunteers recruited is proportionate to the number of group members in the population.

Question 7

Amanda is conducting a study examining firefighters' communication satisfaction with their station chief. She visits all the fire stations in the region of her state and recruits participants who would like to participate in her study. What sampling approach is Amanda using?
A)convenience sample
B)volunteer sample
C)purposive sample
D)quota sample

Accepted Answer

Amanda is using a volunteer sample because she is recruiting participants who are willing to participate in her study, rather than selecting them based on specific criteria or at random.

Question 8

Which of the following is an advantage of network sampling?
A)It is the easiest sampling procedure to use.
B)It is the most efficient probability sampling procedure.
C)It enables researchers to recruit members of populations that are not easily identifiable.
D)It allows a researcher to increase generalizability.

Accepted Answer

Network sampling is particularly useful for accessing hard-to-reach or hidden populations, such as individuals engaged in illegal activities or those with rare characteristics, by leveraging social networks and connections.

Question 9

During the 2012 presidential election, news sources are reported that polls indicated that 59% of the population supported Obama for reelection. In addition, sources indicated a margin of error of 4%. Which of the following was the confidence interval?
A)55-63
B)4
C)63-67
D)2

Accepted Answer

The confidence interval is calculated by taking the reported percentage (59%) and adding and subtracting the margin of error (4%). This gives us a range from 55% to 63%.

Question 10

What is the term used to refer to selecting people or units for inclusion in a research study?
A)sampling
B)research selection
C)methods
D)replication

Accepted Answer

Sampling is the process of selecting individuals or units from a larger population to participate in a study, allowing researchers to make inferences about the population based on the sample.

Question 11

Jamie is conducting a study using college students. He realizes that he needs a sample because there is no way he could possibly survey all college students in the world. All college students would represent what?
A)population
B)sampling frame
C)theoretical sample
D)populace

Accepted Answer

All college students in the world would represent the population for Jamie's study, as the population is the entire group of individuals or instances about whom the research is concerned.

Question 12

Which form of sampling involves selecting members of the accessible population in a nonrandom manner?
A)nonprobability
B)probability
C)random
D)nonrandom

Accepted Answer

Nonprobability sampling involves selecting members of the population in a nonrandom manner, where not all members of the population have a chance of being selected.

Question 13

Joann is conducting a study using a large mailing list. After rolling a dice, she ends up selecting every fourth person on the list until she meets her needed sample size. What type of sampling procedure did Joann use?
A)systematic
B)cluster
C)stratified
D)convenience

Accepted Answer

Joann used systematic sampling because she selected every fourth person from the list, which involves selecting members of the population at regular intervals.

Question 14

Daryl is conducting a study on student perceptions of college professors' teaching. He finds a professor who will let him conduct a survey in a larger 300 student lecture hall. What type of sampling procedure did Daryl use?
A)convenience
B)cluster
C)volunteer
D)quota

Accepted Answer

Daryl used convenience sampling because he chose a readily available group (a large lecture hall) for his study, which is characteristic of this sampling method. Convenience sampling involves selecting participants because of their convenient accessibility and proximity to the researcher.

Question 15

A ______________ refers to an entire set of objects, observations, or scores that have some characteristic in common.
A)public
B)populace
C)population
D)sample

Accepted Answer

A population in statistical terms refers to the entire group of individuals or items that share one or more characteristics from which data can be gathered and analyzed.

Question 16

The term _____________ refers to the notion that the results of studying a sample from a population can be assumed to be true of the entire population.
A)generalizable
B)variable
C)postulated sample
D)universalizable

Accepted Answer

Generalizability refers to the ability to apply the findings from a study on a sample population to the larger population from which the sample was drawn.

Question 17

Xavier is conducting a study within a large multinational organization. He's gotten permission to randomly sample people at offices in the United States. All of the employees within these offices are considered Xavier's what?
A)sample
B)population
C)sampling frame
D)theoretical sample

Accepted Answer

The sampling frame is the list or group of individuals from which a sample is actually drawn. In this case, it's the employees in the US offices from which Xavier can randomly sample.

Question 18

To quickly conduct a study on instructor-student communication, a communication researcher hands outs surveys in three large lecture classes taught on her campus. What type of sample does this represent?
A)probability sample
B)nonprobability sample
C)stratified sample
D)systematic sample

Accepted Answer

This represents a nonprobability sample because the researcher is not randomly selecting participants from the entire population but rather selecting a convenient subset of individuals who are readily available (students in three large lecture classes).

Question 19

A ___________ sample involves nonrandomly selecting participants to fulfill or meet a specific purpose the researcher has in mind.
A)convenience
B)volunteer
C)purposive
D)quota

Accepted Answer

Purposive sampling involves selecting participants based on specific characteristics or criteria set by the researcher, aiming to fulfill a particular purpose or to gain insights from a specific subgroup.

Question 20

A sample is an entire set of objects, observations, or scores that have some characteristic in common.

Accepted Answer

A sample is a subset of objects, observations, or scores taken from a larger population, not the entire set.

Quiz 12: Sampling Methods

Bethenny selects the sample for her study by determining the sample size needed from the population and selecting every "nth" person from the population for inclusion in the study. Which type of sample is Bethenny using?

Which sampling-related theory states the idea that the mean of the scores obtained from the probability sample will be equal to the mean of the scores obtained from the population?

Which of the following samples is chosen to ensure that the number of volunteers recruited for a study is proportionate or equal to the number of group members in the population?

Amanda is conducting a study examining firefighters' communication satisfaction with their station chief. She visits all the fire stations in the region of her state and recruits participants who would like to participate in her study. What sampling approach is Amanda using?

Which of the following is an advantage of network sampling?

During the 2012 presidential election, news sources are reported that polls indicated that 59% of the population supported Obama for reelection. In addition, sources indicated a margin of error of 4%. Which of the following was the confidence interval?

What is the term used to refer to selecting people or units for inclusion in a research study?

Jamie is conducting a study using college students. He realizes that he needs a sample because there is no way he could possibly survey all college students in the world. All college students would represent what?

Which form of sampling involves selecting members of the accessible population in a nonrandom manner?

Joann is conducting a study using a large mailing list. After rolling a dice, she ends up selecting every fourth person on the list until she meets her needed sample size. What type of sampling procedure did Joann use?

Daryl is conducting a study on student perceptions of college professors' teaching. He finds a professor who will let him conduct a survey in a larger 300 student lecture hall. What type of sampling procedure did Daryl use?

A ______________ refers to an entire set of objects, observations, or scores that have some characteristic in common.

The term _____________ refers to the notion that the results of studying a sample from a population can be assumed to be true of the entire population.

Xavier is conducting a study within a large multinational organization. He's gotten permission to randomly sample people at offices in the United States. All of the employees within these offices are considered Xavier's what?

To quickly conduct a study on instructor-student communication, a communication researcher hands outs surveys in three large lecture classes taught on her campus. What type of sample does this represent?

A ___________ sample involves nonrandomly selecting participants to fulfill or meet a specific purpose the researcher has in mind.

A sample is an entire set of objects, observations, or scores that have some characteristic in common.