Question 1

After learning the E-I-E-I-O framework, Hugh uses rehearsal to recall his new student ID number. This would be an example of an ____ memory aid.
A) implicit-internal
B) implicit-external
C) explicit-internal
D) explicit-external

Accepted Answer

Rehearsal is a conscious strategy to remember information, making it an explicit memory aid. Since Hugh is using his own cognitive processes without relying on external tools, it is considered internal.

Question 2

Which statement is MOST accurate about the level of detail remembered about past events?
A) Older adults remember more details from past events than younger adults.
B) Older adults remember fewer details from past events than younger adults.
C) Young adults use details remembered from past events to maintain more information in working memory.
D) Young adults use details remembered from past events to encode new memories.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that older adults tend to remember fewer specific details from past events compared to younger adults. This is often attributed to age-related declines in episodic memory and the efficiency of encoding and retrieving detailed information.

Question 3

Maura suspects that she has some memory deficit. What kind of assessment should she undergo?
A) COPD
B) Divided attention
C) Neuropsychological
D) Selective attention

Accepted Answer

Neuropsychological assessments are designed to evaluate cognitive functions, including memory, and can help identify memory deficits or other cognitive impairments.

Question 4

Which factor is LEAST likely to help someone become wise?
A) Specific expertise
B) Leadership experience
C) Mental ability
D) A crisis-free life

Accepted Answer

A crisis-free life is least likely to contribute to wisdom, as wisdom often develops through overcoming challenges and learning from difficult experiences.

Question 5

Akuba has a great deal of knowledge, which she applies skillfully to most any situation. She does not turn her back on the difficult problems in life, but rather applies her great knowledge to give expert advice in order to aid individuals and society. Akuba would BEST be described as exhibiting:
A) creativity.
B) wisdom.
C) implicit memory.
D) divided attention.

Accepted Answer

Wisdom is the quality that best describes someone who applies their knowledge skillfully to solve problems and offer advice, which matches Akuba's characteristics.

Question 6

The rate of severe depression:
A) follows no developmental pattern.
B) declines between young adulthood and old age.
C) increases between young adulthood and old age.
D) declines between young adulthood and middle age, and then rises dramatically in old age.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The rate of severe depression:
A) follows no...

Question 7

Jackie is playing a game in which she has to answer questions regarding the meaning of 10 random words. This sort of game would be MOST challenging to Jackie's:
A) implicit memory.
B) episodic memory.
C) semantic memory.
D) selective attention.

Accepted Answer

Semantic memory is responsible for the storage of factual information, including the meanings of words. A game requiring knowledge of word meanings would directly challenge and engage Jackie's semantic memory.

Question 8

Which statement regarding wisdom is MOST accurate?
A) The older a person is, the wiser they are likely to be.
B) Young people are more likely to be wise than older people.
C) There is no relationship between age and wisdom.
D) Older males tend to be wiser than older females.

Accepted Answer

Wisdom is not solely determined by age; it involves experience, knowledge, and reflection, which can be found in individuals of various ages.

Question 9

The key question in determining whether or not Kwan should be concerned about her memory is:
A) "Does the memory problem interfere in Kwan's life?"
B) "Has Kwan ever forgotten to perform a household chore?"
C) "How many times has Kwan forgotten something?"
D) "Does anyone think Kwan might have a memory problem?"

Accepted Answer

The most relevant factor in determining if Kwan should be concerned about her memory is whether the memory problem significantly interferes with her daily life. Occasional forgetfulness, like missing a household chore or forgetting something a few times, is common and not necessarily indicative of a serious memory issue. The perceptions of others regarding Kwan's memory can be subjective and may not accurately reflect the severity or impact of the problem.

Question 10

How many of these are examples of internal memory aids: a calendar, a diary, class notes, and mental notes?
A) one
B) two
C) three
D) four

Accepted Answer

Internal memory aids are techniques or methods used within one's mind without external tools, so mental notes are the only example of internal memory aids among the options given.

Question 11

When Judy is asked, "What's 2 + 2?" the answer just seems to pop into her head. This is an example of:
A) implicit memory.
B) attentional control.
C) cross-linking.
D) explicit memory.

Accepted Answer

Implicit memory involves unconscious or automatic memory processes, which is what happens when Judy knows the answer to "2 + 2" without actively trying to recall it.

Question 12

What is the general age-related pattern of creativity when defined by the overall number of ideas an individual generates?
A) Lower in one's 30s, higher in one's 40s, and peaks thereafter
B) High in one's 30s, higher in one's 40s, and peaks thereafter
C) Lower in one's 30s, higher in one's 40s, and declines thereafter
D) Higher in one's 30s, lower in one's 40s, and declines thereafter

Accepted Answer

Research on creativity and age suggests that creativity tends to peak in one's 40s after a period of growth and then declines in later years. This pattern reflects the accumulation of knowledge and experience that enhances creativity up to a point, after which cognitive changes may lead to a decline.

Question 13

If an individual cheats on this exam by looking at notes they have taken, they are using a(n) ____ memory aid.
A) implicit
B) spaced retrieval
C) internal
D) external

Accepted Answer

Looking at notes taken is an example of using an external memory aid, as the individual is relying on something outside of their own mind to recall information. Implicit memory involves unconscious memory of skills and how to perform tasks, spaced retrieval is a learning technique involving reviewing over increasing intervals, and internal would imply the use of mental strategies without external tools.

Question 14

The key characteristic of an explicit memory is that it is:
A) naughty.
B) false.
C) not tied to a specific time.
D) deliberate.

Accepted Answer

Explicit memory involves conscious, intentional remembering of information that is both factual and personal.

Question 15

One would expect the greatest differences between older and younger adults on tasks assessing ____ memory.
A) implicit
B) semantic
C) episodic
D) procedural

Accepted Answer

Episodic memory, which involves the recollection of specific events, situations, and experiences, tends to decline with age more so than other types of memory. This contrasts with semantic memory (facts and general knowledge), procedural memory (how to do things), and implicit memory (unconscious memory), which generally remain more stable into older adulthood.

Question 16

Which statement concerning autobiographical memory development is TRUE?
A) Younger adults tend to more vividly recall information from ages 10-30, while older adults tend to recall information from after age 30.
B) Older adults tend to more vividly recall information from ages 10-30, while younger adults tend to recall information from after age 30.
C) Younger adults and older adults both tend to more vividly recall information from ages 10-30.
D) Younger adults and older adults both tend to more vividly recall information from after age 30.

Accepted Answer

The reminiscence bump phenomenon explains that both younger and older adults tend to more vividly recall autobiographical memories from the ages of 10-30, a period of heightened identity formation and significant life events.

Question 17

Storing a new acquaintance's picture in one's iPhone so that one can recall what he looks like provides a good example of an ____ memory aid.
A) explicit-external
B) explicit-internal
C) implicit-external
D) implicit-internal

Accepted Answer

Storing a picture on an iPhone as a reminder of what someone looks like is an example of an explicit-external memory aid. It is "explicit" because it involves conscious recall of information, and "external" because the aid exists outside of the individual's mind.

Question 18

Gina is recalling the time last year that she hiked up a big hill in the rain with a group of her friends. This memory would be best described as a(n) ____ memory.
A) implicit
B) vigilance
C) semantic
D) episodic

Accepted Answer

This memory is best described as episodic because it involves recalling a specific event that happened at a particular time and place.

Question 19

In preparing for a date in court, Angeline commits to memory the details of the case. This sort of conscious preparation and remembering of information is an example of ____ memory.
A) implicit
B) sensory
C) working
D) explicit

Accepted Answer

Explicit memory involves the intentional recollection of factual information, previous experiences, and concepts, which is what Angeline is doing by consciously memorizing details for her court date.

Question 20

When asked how she is able to remember the names of all the students in her class, Dr. Willis-Rivera says, "I just try to match each student's face to an image of a famous person." This technique BEST exemplifies the concept of:
A) spaced retrieval.
B) implicit memory.
C) vigilance.
D) an internal memory aid.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Willis-Rivera's strategy of matching each student's face to an image of a famous person is an example of using an internal memory aid. This technique involves creating a mental association or image to help remember information, which is an internal process.

Quiz 14: The Personal Context of Later Life: Physical, Cognitive, and Mental Health Issues

After learning the E-I-E-I-O framework, Hugh uses rehearsal to recall his new student ID number. This would be an example of an ____ memory aid.

Which statement is MOST accurate about the level of detail remembered about past events?

Maura suspects that she has some memory deficit. What kind of assessment should she undergo?

Which factor is LEAST likely to help someone become wise?

Akuba has a great deal of knowledge, which she applies skillfully to most any situation. She does not turn her back on the difficult problems in life, but rather applies her great knowledge to give expert advice in order to aid individuals and society. Akuba would BEST be described as exhibiting:

The rate of severe depression:

Jackie is playing a game in which she has to answer questions regarding the meaning of 10 random words. This sort of game would be MOST challenging to Jackie's:

Which statement regarding wisdom is MOST accurate?

The key question in determining whether or not Kwan should be concerned about her memory is:

How many of these are examples of internal memory aids: a calendar, a diary, class notes, and mental notes?

When Judy is asked, "What's 2 + 2?" the answer just seems to pop into her head. This is an example of:

What is the general age-related pattern of creativity when defined by the overall number of ideas an individual generates?

If an individual cheats on this exam by looking at notes they have taken, they are using a(n) ____ memory aid.

The key characteristic of an explicit memory is that it is:

One would expect the greatest differences between older and younger adults on tasks assessing ____ memory.

Which statement concerning autobiographical memory development is TRUE?

Storing a new acquaintance's picture in one's iPhone so that one can recall what he looks like provides a good example of an ____ memory aid.

Gina is recalling the time last year that she hiked up a big hill in the rain with a group of her friends. This memory would be best described as a(n) ____ memory.

In preparing for a date in court, Angeline commits to memory the details of the case. This sort of conscious preparation and remembering of information is an example of ____ memory.

When asked how she is able to remember the names of all the students in her class, Dr. Willis-Rivera says, "I just try to match each student's face to an image of a famous person." This technique BEST exemplifies the concept of: