Question 1

All but which of the following are common medical complications arising from bulimia?
A)potassium deficiency
B)decay of tooth enamel
C)constipation
D)frequent vomiting
E)loss of menstruation

Accepted Answer

Loss of menstruation is more commonly associated with anorexia nervosa rather than bulimia. Bulimia often leads to complications like potassium deficiency, tooth enamel decay, constipation, and frequent vomiting.

Question 2

According to the text, each of the following factors plays a major role in obesity EXCEPT
A)laziness.
B)environmental factors like television commercials.
C)genetics.
D)behavioral patterns.
E)eating in response to emotional cues.

Accepted Answer

Laziness is often a stereotype or misconception associated with obesity, rather than a direct cause. Obesity is a complex condition influenced by genetics, environmental factors, behavioral patterns, and emotional responses, rather than simply a lack of physical activity or motivation.

Question 3

Bulimia nervosa
A)is a major cause of obesity.
B)involves recurrent episodes of binging and purging, with severe weight loss.
C)involves recurrent episodes of binging and purging, with maintenance of a relatively normal weight.
D)is a form of self-starvation resulting in extremely low body weight.
E)is a major cause of death among adolescents and young adults.

Accepted Answer

Bulimia nervosa is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as purging, with individuals typically maintaining a relatively normal weight, distinguishing it from other eating disorders like anorexia nervosa or binge-eating disorder.

Question 4

Anorexia nervosa is
A)a form of food restriction that results in extremely low body weight.
B)an eating disorder among individuals of relatively normal weight.
C)a disorder in which episodes of binge eating are followed by purging.
D)a major cause of obesity.
E)equally prevalent in men and women.

Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa is characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight and a distorted body image, leading individuals to restrict their food intake to the point of severe weight loss and potentially life-threatening low body weight.

Question 5

The psychological sense of femaleness or maleness is called
A)gender.
B)sex.
C)gender role.
D)sexual orientation.
E)gender identity.

Accepted Answer

Gender identity refers to an individual's personal sense of their own gender, whether they identify as male, female, a blend of both, or neither, regardless of their biological sex. This psychological sense of one's gender is what distinguishes gender identity from biological sex, gender roles, or sexual orientation.

Question 6

Charlize has anorexia nervosa. She is at risk for developing any of the following EXCEPT
A)irregular heartbeat.
B)diabetes.
C)low blood pressure.
D)loss of menstruation.
E)chronic constipation.

Accepted Answer

Anorexia nervosa primarily affects the body's metabolism and can lead to severe malnutrition, but it is not directly associated with the development of diabetes. Diabetes is a condition related to the body's ability to produce or respond to insulin, whereas anorexia nervosa involves restrictive eating behaviors and an intense fear of gaining weight. Conditions like irregular heartbeat, low blood pressure, loss of menstruation, and chronic constipation are more directly related to the nutritional deficiencies and physical stressors associated with anorexia nervosa.

Question 7

The theory that the brain regulates body weight around a genetically predetermined level is identified as
A)metabolic constancy theory.
B)self-regulatory theory.
C)set point theory.
D)genetic determination theory.
E)basal metabolism theory.

Accepted Answer

Set point theory suggests that the body has a built-in mechanism that regulates body weight around a genetically predetermined or "set" level, aiming to maintain a stable weight over time.

Question 8

All of the following factors may be associated with eating disorders EXCEPT
A)issues of control and perfectionism.
B)cultural pressures to be thin.
C)abnormally low or high set points.
D)sexual or physical abuse.
E)disturbances in brain mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

Set points refer to the theory that each person's body has a predetermined or natural weight that it "defends," making significant long-term weight change difficult. This concept is more related to weight regulation and obesity rather than directly causing eating disorders. Eating disorders are more complex and involve psychological, cultural, and possibly biological factors, but not abnormally low or high set points in the context implied by the question.

Question 9

A group of co-workers at Acme Corporation decides to diet together. Over six months, they collectively shed 349 pounds. Now that they have lost weight, they would like to maintain their loss. Based on recommendations from the text, the group should do all but which of the following?
A)learn to control portion sizes
B)limit fat intake to less than 30% of daily calories
C)eat quickly to avoid being at the table around food
D)beware of hidden calories in items like colas and fruit drinks
E)engage in regular physical activity to help increase the metabolic rate

Accepted Answer

Eating quickly is not recommended for maintaining weight loss as it can lead to overeating. Proper weight management strategies include controlling portion sizes, limiting fat intake, being aware of hidden calories, and engaging in regular physical activity.

Question 10

Vasocongestion (blood pooling in genitals)characterizes which phase of the sexual response cycle?
A)excitement phase in males
B)excitement phase in females
C)excitement phase in both females and males
D)excitement phase in males and orgasm phase in females
E)orgasm and excitement phase in females and males

Accepted Answer

Vasocongestion, or the pooling of blood in the genital regions, is a characteristic of the excitement phase in both females and males, marking the beginning of the sexual response cycle.

Question 11

Which of the following approaches to weight loss leads to the highest rate of long-term success?
A)Commercial weight loss programs that allow people to shed weight quickly
B)Diet drugs that are widely available over the counter
C)Anti-obesity medications
D)Low-calorie, low-fat diets combined with exercise
E)Modified fasting diets that take the food choice away from dieters

Accepted Answer

Low-calorie, low-fat diets combined with exercise are widely recognized for leading to the highest rate of long-term success in weight loss. This approach promotes gradual, sustainable weight loss through a balanced diet and regular physical activity, which are key components of a healthy lifestyle.

Question 12

Based on research cited in the text, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)In men, body dissatisfaction is linked to the desire to be lean and muscular.
B)One in seven college women report that they would be embarrassed to buy a candy bar in a store.
C)Research indicates that media portrayals of the thin ideal, as well as peer influences, negatively affect body image and self-esteem in girls as young as three.
D)Recovery from eating disorders is typically a long-term process and continued symptoms and relapses are quite common.
E)Despite the attention on eating disorders in the U.S., eating disorders are actually more common in non-Western countries.

Accepted Answer

Eating disorders are often perceived as being more prevalent in Western countries due to cultural emphasis on thinness and dieting, as well as media portrayals of beauty standards. Non-Western countries may experience these issues differently, but the assertion that eating disorders are more common in non-Western countries is false.

Question 13

The body's downward adjustment of metabolic rate during times of famine is explained by which of the following theories?
A)metabolic adjustment theory.
B)self-regulatory theory.
C)dietary control theory.
D)set point theory.
E)basal metabolism theory.

Accepted Answer

The set point theory explains the body's downward adjustment of metabolic rate during times of famine. It suggests that the body has a built-in mechanism that regulates body weight and energy expenditure, adjusting the metabolic rate to maintain a certain weight set point, even in times of reduced food intake.

Question 14

In what order do the phases of the sexual response cycle occur?
A)excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution
B)excitement, orgasm, plateau, resolution
C)excitement, orgasm, resolution, plateau
D)plateau, excitement, orgasm, resolution
E)plateau, excitement, resolution, orgasm

Accepted Answer

The sexual response cycle, as identified by Masters and Johnson, consists of four phases: excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution. This sequence describes the physiological responses that occur during sexual activity.

Question 15

Which researcher(s)identified the sexual response cycle?
A)Seligman and Ekman
B)Maslow
C)Masters and Johnson
D)Freud
E)Bem

Accepted Answer

Masters and Johnson are the researchers who identified the sexual response cycle, which describes the phases of sexual response in humans, including excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.

Question 16

In a particular society, men are expected to provide protection and monetary support, while women are expected to tend to the home and children. These expectations reflect _______ for females and males in the society.
A)gender identities
B)gender roles
C)gender confusion
D)sex roles
E)sexual orientations

Accepted Answer

Gender roles refer to the societal norms dictating the types of behaviors considered acceptable, appropriate, or desirable for people based on their actual or perceived sex or sexuality. In this context, the expectations for men to provide protection and monetary support and for women to tend to the home and children are examples of gender roles assigned to each sex within that society.

Question 17

During which phase of her sexual response cycle will Sasha experience an expansion and thickening of her vagina?
A)Excitement
B)Plateau
C)Orgasm
D)Arousal
E)Resolution

Accepted Answer

The answer of During which phase of her sexual response...

Question 18

Regarding research on restaurant portion sizes reported in the text, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A)Portion sizes have increased, but consumers have responded by asking to take home the extra food instead of consuming it at the restaurant.
B)People who select larger portions are less likely to exercise.
C)When portions are presented on larger plates, people tend to select more food; however, portion size does not affect how much food people select to eat.
D)When portion sizes are larger, people tend to select more food to eat, but they do not select more food when the portions are simply placed on a larger plate.
E)When portion sizes are larger or are offered on larger plates, people tend to select more food.

Accepted Answer

Research on restaurant portion sizes has shown that both the size of the portion and the size of the plate can influence how much food people select to eat. Larger portions and larger plates can lead to people choosing more food, indicating that visual cues play a significant role in food consumption choices.

Question 19

Droplets of sperm-carrying fluid are secreted and accumulate at the tip of a man's penis during which stage of the sexual response cycle?
A)orgasm
B)excitement
C)plateau
D)arousal
E)resolution

Accepted Answer

During the plateau stage of the sexual response cycle, pre-ejaculatory fluid, which may contain sperm, is secreted and can accumulate at the tip of the penis.

Question 20

The sexual response cycle consists of how many phases?
A)2
B)4
C)6
D)12
E)An unknown number

Accepted Answer

The sexual response cycle is commonly divided into four phases: excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution. This model was first described by Masters and Johnson.

Quiz 8: Motivation and Emotion

All but which of the following are common medical complications arising from bulimia?

According to the text, each of the following factors plays a major role in obesity EXCEPT

Bulimia nervosa

Anorexia nervosa is

The psychological sense of femaleness or maleness is called

Charlize has anorexia nervosa. She is at risk for developing any of the following EXCEPT

The theory that the brain regulates body weight around a genetically predetermined level is identified as

All of the following factors may be associated with eating disorders EXCEPT

A group of co-workers at Acme Corporation decides to diet together. Over six months, they collectively shed 349 pounds. Now that they have lost weight, they would like to maintain their loss. Based on recommendations from the text, the group should do all but which of the following?

Vasocongestion (blood pooling in genitals) characterizes which phase of the sexual response cycle?

Which of the following approaches to weight loss leads to the highest rate of long-term success?

Based on research cited in the text, which of the following statements is FALSE?

The body's downward adjustment of metabolic rate during times of famine is explained by which of the following theories?

In what order do the phases of the sexual response cycle occur?

Which researcher(s) identified the sexual response cycle?

In a particular society, men are expected to provide protection and monetary support, while women are expected to tend to the home and children. These expectations reflect _______ for females and males in the society.

During which phase of her sexual response cycle will Sasha experience an expansion and thickening of her vagina?

Regarding research on restaurant portion sizes reported in the text, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Droplets of sperm-carrying fluid are secreted and accumulate at the tip of a man's penis during which stage of the sexual response cycle?

The sexual response cycle consists of how many phases?