Which of the Following Is an Example of Negative Reinforcement

Which of the following is an example of negative reinforcement?

A) A mother picks up her infant when he cries, which then stops his crying, thereby reducing the mother's level of annoyance.
B) A father picks up his infant when she cries, thereby increasing the likelihood that she will cry to be picked up again in the future.
C) A grandmother gives her granddaughter a "time out" when she misbehaves, thereby leading the granddaughter to calm down.
D) A grandfather gives his grandson $10 for every "A" on his report card, thereby strengthening his grandson's study habits.
E) A caregiver removes a child from the "block play center" when he is throwing blocks, thereby causing him to cry.