Question 1

Which of the following have been found to be a predictor of later behavior problems in children with ADHD?
A)A specific genetic mutation
B)Low birth weight
C)Hostile home environment
D)All of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the mentioned factors, including genetic mutations, low birth weight, and a hostile home environment, have been associated with an increased risk of later behavior problems in children with ADHD.

Question 2

Neurotransmitters implicated in the cause of ADHD include all of the following
A)dopamine.
B)endorphin.
C)norepinephrine.
D)gamma-aminobutyric acid.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

Because the diagnosis of ADHD is comparable across countries,
A)ADHD is considered normal high activity level of children.   
Bit is now found to be equally prevalent among boys and girls.
B)this suggests that ADHD is no longer thought to be the result of intolerant parents.
C)this suggests that ADHD has significantly increased and spread worldwide.

Accepted Answer

The comparability of ADHD diagnosis across countries suggests that it is recognized as a legitimate condition rather than a result of parenting styles, indicating a broader understanding and acceptance of ADHD as a neurodevelopmental disorder.

Question 4

ADHD is estimated to occur in about ____ percent of adults.
A)1
B)3
C)8
D)14

Accepted Answer

ADHD is estimated to occur in about 3 percent of adults.

Question 5

The main reason that it is so important to identify children with developmental disorders as early as possible is that
A)medications are most effective when administered at an early stage of the disorder.
B)skill deficits can be identified and addressed before they impact later development.
C)family functioning often declines as the developmental disorder progresses.
D)children are more receptive to therapy when they are young.

Accepted Answer

Identifying skill deficits and addressing them early on can prevent them from impacting later development, making it easier for children to learn and navigate their environment. Early intervention can also help families adjust and cope with the challenges of raising a child with a developmental disorder, potentially reducing the likelihood of family functioning declining as the disorder progresses. While medications may be one aspect of treatment, they are not always the primary intervention for developmental disorders. Similarly, while children may be more receptive to therapy when they are young, this is not the only reason early identification is important.

Question 6

All of the following side effects ________ are associated with the medications Ritalin and Concerta,used to treat ADHD.
A)insomnia
B)drowsiness
C)irritability
D)weight gain

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following side effects ________...

Question 7

Johnny is a two-year-old boy who has no motivation to interact with other people.His absence of interest in people may also lead to severe deficits in his ability to
A)Eat and drink.
B)think.
C)communicate.
D)walk.

Accepted Answer

The absence of interest in people could lead to severe deficits in communication because communication involves interaction with others. Without motivation to interact, Johnny may struggle to develop language and communication skills.

Question 8

The medications that are generally used to treat ADHD have proven particularly helpful to most patients in
A)temporarily reducing hyperactivity and impulsivity and/or improving concentration.
B)reducing hyperactivity and impulsivity and/or improving concentration, with gains maintained even after the medication is discontinued.
C)temporarily and drastically changing academic performance and socialization.
D)Altering the biological "root" of the problem in terms of neurochemistry, leading to gains maintained after the medication is discontinued.

Accepted Answer

ADHD medications, such as stimulants and non-stimulants, are designed to temporarily reduce hyperactivity and impulsivity and/or improve concentration. However, these effects are not typically maintained once the medication is discontinued.

Question 9

One of the most common reasons that children are referred for mental health services in the United States is
A)ADHD.
B)autism.
C)pervasive developmental disorder.
D)stuttering.

Accepted Answer

ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is one of the most common childhood mental health disorders, affecting up to 11% of children in the US. It is characterized by symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, and can significantly impact a child's ability to function in academic and social settings.

Question 10

In a longitudinal study that followed 200 boys with ADHD into adulthood,researchers found that
A)These men had more social problems compared to those who never had ADHD
B)These men had less education and vocational success compared to those who never had ADHD
C)These men had more substance use problems compared to those who never had ADHD
D)All of the above.

Accepted Answer

The longitudinal study found that the men with ADHD had more social problems, less education and vocational success, and more substance use problems compared to those who never had ADHD. Therefore, all of the choices (A, B, and C) are correct.

Question 11

The major reason that developmental disorders are considered to be so serious in terms of their capacity to disrupt later functioning is
A)the fact that medications used in children can have long-term effects.
B)the impact that they have on family functioning.
C)that the purely biological nature of developmental disorders leads to subsequent developmental failures.
D)that failure to develop at one level is thought to inhibit later stages of development.

Accepted Answer

Developmental disorders are serious as they can hinder the development of skills and abilities that are necessary for success in later stages of life. For example, failure to develop language skills in early childhood may impede the development of communication and academic skills in later years. Therefore, developmental disorders can have long-term effects on an individual's overall development and functioning.

Question 12

The ratio of boys to girls for ADHD is
A)about equal, or 1:1.
B)approximately 2 boys to every 1 girl.
C)approximately 3 boys to every 1 girl.
D)more than 10 boys to every 1 girl.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ratio of boys to girls for...

Question 13

The medications-such as Ritalin and Concerta-generally used to treat ADHD are classified as
A)minor sedatives.
B)depressants.
C)stimulants.
D)antidepressants.

Accepted Answer

Medications such as Ritalin and Concerta are classified as stimulants, as they increase the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, leading to increased focus and attention.

Question 14

Of the following,the most accurate statement with regard to the genetic influences of ADHD is that
A)there are no known genetic influences.
B)there appears to be a single gene influence.
C)there appear to be multiple genetic influences.
D)defects on the Y chromosome are the major influence.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that there are multiple genetic influences on ADHD, rather than a single gene influence or no known genetic influences. Studies of families with ADHD have shown that the condition is highly heritable, with estimates ranging from 70-90% of variance in ADHD symptoms being attributed to genetics.

Question 15

Alicia is pregnant and continues to smoke cigarettes throughout her pregnancy.She is ________ more likely to have a child diagnosed with ADHD than a mother who does not smoke during pregnancy.
A)no
B)2 times
C)3 times
D)5 times

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that mothers who smoke during pregnancy are three times more likely to have a child diagnosed with ADHD compared to mothers who do not smoke during pregnancy.

Question 16

The medications that are generally used to treat ADHD have proven to be helpful to ____ percent of ADHD patients.
A)25
B)50
C)70
D)90

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that ADHD medications are effective for about 70% of patients, helping to improve focus, attention, and impulse control.

Question 17

Which best describes the way ADHD develops as children grow into adulthood?
A)Children tend to outgrow ADHD.
B)Symptoms remain relatively stable throughout the lifespan for most individuals.
C)Manifestations of ADHD tend to change over time, but problems often persist.

Accepted Answer

Although some children may outgrow their ADHD, for many individuals, symptoms persist into adulthood. However, the specific manifestations of ADHD often change as an individual ages, such as hyperactivity becoming more internalized.

Question 18

In order to be diagnosed with ADHD,________ must be present.
A)hyperactive behavior that alternates with periods of distraction
B)either a pattern of inattention or a pattern of hyperactivity and impulsivity
C)both patterns of inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity
D)none of the above

Accepted Answer

In order to be diagnosed with ADHD, either a pattern of inattention or a pattern of hyperactivity and impulsivity must be present. It is not necessary to have both. However, it is possible to have a combined type of ADHD where both patterns are present.

Question 19

The inattention symptom of ADHD is characterized by
A)careless mistakes.
B)fidgeting.
C)not waiting one's turn to answer questions.
D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

The inattention symptom of ADHD is primarily characterized by careless mistakes, such as overlooking details or making errors while performing tasks. B) and C) are symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity, not inattention.

Question 20

Although not classified as developmental disorders,many psychological disorders can be considered developmental because they
A)appear early in life and change over the lifespan.
B)have a genetic component.
C)lack biological causes and are influenced by learning.
D)are unique to children.

Accepted Answer

Developmental disorders are typically those that manifest in childhood and affect development, such as autism or ADHD. However, many psychological disorders also emerge early in life and continue to change over the lifespan, such as depression or anxiety. Therefore, while they may not be classified as developmental disorders, they can still be considered developmental in nature.

Quiz 13: Neurodevelopmental and Neurocognitive Disorders

Which of the following have been found to be a predictor of later behavior problems in children with ADHD?

Neurotransmitters implicated in the cause of ADHD include all of the following

Because the diagnosis of ADHD is comparable across countries,

ADHD is estimated to occur in about ____ percent of adults.

The main reason that it is so important to identify children with developmental disorders as early as possible is that

All of the following side effects ________ are associated with the medications Ritalin and Concerta,used to treat ADHD.

Johnny is a two-year-old boy who has no motivation to interact with other people.His absence of interest in people may also lead to severe deficits in his ability to

The medications that are generally used to treat ADHD have proven particularly helpful to most patients in

One of the most common reasons that children are referred for mental health services in the United States is

In a longitudinal study that followed 200 boys with ADHD into adulthood,researchers found that

The major reason that developmental disorders are considered to be so serious in terms of their capacity to disrupt later functioning is

The ratio of boys to girls for ADHD is

The medications-such as Ritalin and Concerta-generally used to treat ADHD are classified as

Of the following,the most accurate statement with regard to the genetic influences of ADHD is that

Alicia is pregnant and continues to smoke cigarettes throughout her pregnancy.She is ________ more likely to have a child diagnosed with ADHD than a mother who does not smoke during pregnancy.

The medications that are generally used to treat ADHD have proven to be helpful to ____ percent of ADHD patients.

Which best describes the way ADHD develops as children grow into adulthood?

In order to be diagnosed with ADHD,________ must be present.

The inattention symptom of ADHD is characterized by

Although not classified as developmental disorders,many psychological disorders can be considered developmental because they