Question 1

Patrick's parents are reluctant to have him see a psychologist because they're afraid other family members will think they are "bad" parents. Their reluctance is most closely related to lack of resources in their local community.

Accepted Answer

The reluctance of Patrick's parents to have him see a psychologist is most closely related to the societal stigma surrounding seeking help for mental health issues, not lack of resources in their local community.

Question 2

The major difference between psychopathology and developmental psychopathology is the:

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

Tolan and Dodge (2005) have proposed a four-part model for a comprehensive mental health system that serves children and their families. Based on what is known about existing barriers to services, which of the following components would likely be a part of this model?

Accepted Answer

Based on existing barriers to services, the model proposed by Tolan and Dodge prioritizes preventive care and emphasizes the importance of providing care in natural settings such as schools and daycares to increase accessibility and early intervention. While effective emergency care is important, it is not the primary focus of this model. The emphasis on cultural majority may even undermine effective treatment for minorities, so it is not a part of this model. An expansion of psychiatric hospitals for long-term care is also not included in this model, as it is important to provide community-based care and support instead of isolating individuals in long-term inpatient settings.

Question 4

Children in Africa, Latin America, and Eastern Europe are less likely to have access to quality mental health services. These countries may be classified as:

Accepted Answer

These countries are often referred to as resource-poor because they have limited access to resources such as funding, trained mental health professionals, and infrastructure for mental health services. This is often due to a lack of investment in mental health care by governments and a focus on other health priorities such as infectious diseases. The other options, uneducated, poor, and rural, may be factors that contribute to a lack of access to mental health services, but they do not accurately capture the overarching issue of resource scarcity.

Question 5

Sameroff (1993) stated that "all life is characterized by disturbance that is overcome, and that only through disturbance can we advance and grow." How does this statement further the understanding of developmental psychopathology?

Accepted Answer

This statement normalizes the idea that disturbance is a natural part of life and highlights that all individuals face challenges that need to be overcome. This is particularly relevant to understanding developmental psychopathology, as it emphasizes that experiencing difficulties in childhood is not abnormal or unexpected. Instead, it suggests that it is not the presence of challenges, but our ability to overcome them that is critical for healthy development. Therefore, this statement supports the idea that developmental psychopathology should focus on resilience, rather than solely on risk and vulnerability factors.

Question 6

In some Native American tribes, it is considered a sign of disrespect to look at an elder when talking to them. This is an example of a sociocultural norm.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Sociocultural norms are unwritten rules in a society that govern social behavior and interactions. Looking at an elder while speaking to them is considered disrespectful in some Native American tribes and is therefore a sociocultural norm in those communities.

Question 7

The authors of this text believe that all children should have the support they need to reach their full potential, in spite of challenges they may face. This is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The authors of this text believe that...

Question 8

Dr. Wang has diagnosed Emma with separation anxiety disorder based on her presenting symptoms, but also has considered how these symptoms impact her quality of life. Dr. Wang is using the ________ aspect of psychopathology.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr. Wang has diagnosed Emma with separation...

Question 9

In order to accurately understand psychopathology in children, it is important to distinguish between "normal" and "abnormal" development.

Accepted Answer

Distinguishing between normal and abnormal development is crucial in accurately understanding psychopathology in children, as it allows for appropriate diagnosis, treatment, and intervention.

Question 10

Dr. Andrews wants to study how many children under the age of 5 in the United States have been diagnosed with autism over the past 10 years. In order to do this, he is most likely to use a random sampling of the general population to estimate the prevalence of autism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr. Andrews wants to study how many...

Question 11

Dr. Jones tells her psychology class that it is difficult to determine one true definition of psychopathology. Which of the following statements would best support her assertion regarding developmental psychopathology?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr. Jones tells her psychology class that...

Question 12

At age 6, Allison's temper tantrums are more frequent and intense than her same-aged peers. Allison's behavior may be considered pathological based on which of these criteria?

Accepted Answer

The answer of At age 6, Allison's temper tantrums are...

Question 13

Despite early abuse and neglect, 10-year-old Joshua has adapted well to his new foster family, has made good friends at school, and is excelling in reading and soccer. Joshua's situation would most likely be an example of adequate adaptation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Despite early abuse and neglect, 10-year-old Joshua...

Question 14

A child's behaviors might be considered typical or adaptive in one situation but not in another because these behaviors may:

Accepted Answer

Behaviors and social expectations vary across different cultures and situations. What may be considered appropriate or adaptive in one context may not be acceptable in another. Therefore, a child's behaviors should be considered within the context of their environment and cultural background.

Question 15

Dr. Vance works with all of his clients to identify their strengths and weaknesses and develops a plan for them to be able to function at the highest level possible. This is known as ________ adaptation.

Accepted Answer

The term "optimal" suggests that the goal is to achieve the highest level of functioning possible for each client, which is in line with Dr. Vance's approach. The other choices do not accurately capture the emphasis on striving for the highest level of functioning.

Question 16

Dr. Uyenco wants to know how many new cases of autism are diagnosed each year in her particular state. Which type of data should she access?

Accepted Answer

Dr. Uyenco should access incidence data, which refers to the number of new cases of a particular disease or condition that occur during a specific time period (usually one year). This will provide her with information on how many new cases of autism are diagnosed in her state each year. Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in populations, which may include incidence data. Prevalence refers to the total number of cases of a disease or condition that exist in a population at a given time. Identification rate is not a commonly used term in this context, but could potentially refer to the rate at which individuals are identified as having autism (i.e. the number of individuals identified as having autism divided by the total number of individuals screened or tested).

Question 17

The authors of this text assert that psychopathology is best understood in relationship to:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The authors of this text assert that...

Question 18

The fact that many children who need mental health care don't receive it is primarily based on denial of mental health treatment.

Accepted Answer

The underutilization of mental health services by children is due to a variety of factors including stigma, lack of awareness, accessibility issues, and financial constraints, rather than primarily denial of treatment.

Question 19

More current definitions of psychopathology include both extremes of behavior (too little or too much).

Accepted Answer

This is true, as modern definitions of psychopathology consider abnormal behavior to include both deficient and excessive behavior, encompassing a broader range of mental health concerns.

Question 20

According to the authors of this text, the understanding of developmental psychopathology must be centered in what is _______ for a particular child's development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the authors of this text,...

Quiz 1: Introduction