Question 1

Visual sensory images that persist for about one-half second after being seen are referred to as
A) engrams.
B) echoic memory.
C) iconic memory.
D) illusions.

Accepted Answer

Visual sensory images that persist for about one-half second after being seen are referred to as iconic memory. Engrams are hypothetical memory traces, echoic memory refers to auditory sensory images that persist, and illusions are distortions of perception.

Question 2

Echoic memory involves a brief flurry of activity in the auditory system that lasts for up to __________ second(s).
A) one-half
B) two
C) six
D) 10

Accepted Answer

Echoic memory involves a brief sensory memory of auditory stimuli, lasting for up to two seconds. This allows for important information to be held in the auditory system long enough to be processed and encoded into short-term memory.

Question 3

If you look at a flower and then quickly close your eyes, you will see a fleeting visual image for about one-half second that is referred to as
A) a flashbulb memory.
B) echoic memory.
C) iconic memory.
D) illusory imagery.

Accepted Answer

The fleeting visual image that is observed after closing the eyes is called iconic memory, which refers to the visual sensory memory that lasts for a short period of time. Option A is incorrect because flashbulb memory is a type of long-term memory that is vividly remembered due to its emotional significance. Option B is incorrect because echoic memory pertains to auditory sensory memory instead of visual sensory memory. Option D is incorrect because illusory imagery does not properly describe the phenomenon observed after closing the eyes.

Question 4

Which of the following determines what information moves from sensory memory to short-term memory?
A) consolidation
B) constructive processing
C) priming
D) selective attention

Accepted Answer

Selective attention determines what information moves from sensory memory to short-term memory, as attention serves as a filter that determines which sensory information is important enough to be processed further. Consolidation refers to the process of transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory, constructive processing refers to how pre-existing knowledge and expectations influence the way we process new information, and priming refers to how exposure to a stimulus can influence our perception and behavior.

Question 5

Iconic memory and echoic memory are two types of __________ memory.
A) sensory
B) short-term
C) long-term
D) working

Accepted Answer

Iconic memory and echoic memory are both types of sensory memory, which is the brief storage of information from the five senses. Short-term memory, long-term memory, and working memory are separate memory systems that operate beyond sensory memory.

Question 6

Iconic memory involves fleeting visual images that persist for about __________ second(s).
A) one-half
B) two
C) four
D) six

Accepted Answer

Iconic memory, a type of sensory memory, involves fleeting visual images that last for about one-half second before fading.

Question 7

A brief continuation of sensory activity in the auditory system after a sound is first heard is referred to as __________ memory.
A) echoic
B) iconic
C) short-term
D) working

Accepted Answer

Echoic memory refers to the brief sensory memory that continues after a sound is first heard, allowing for the processing of auditory information. Iconic memory refers to the brief sensory memory for visual information, while short-term and working memory are broader concepts that refer to the temporary storage and manipulation of information in the brain.

Question 8

Sensory memory is the stage of memory that
A) holds small amounts of information when one is thinking or problem-solving.
B) holds an exact record of incoming information for a few seconds or less.
C) involves the permanent storage of meaningful information.
D) involves the storage of conditioned responses and learned skills.

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory is the stage of memory that holds an exact record of incoming information for a few seconds or less. It serves as a buffer between the sensory organs and the working memory, allowing the brain to process and make sense of incoming sensory information.

Question 9

Selective attention determines what information moves from
A) short-term memory to long-term memory.
B) sensory memory to short-term memory.
C) implicit memory to explicit memory.
D) episodic memory to semantic memory.

Accepted Answer

Selective attention determines what information moves from sensory memory to short-term memory, as it involves focusing on specific stimuli while ignoring others. This process is crucial for effectively managing the vast amount of information our senses take in.

Question 10

Which stage of memory allows us to perceive motion pictures as seamless and connected images?
A) short-term memory
B) long-term memory
C) contextual memory
D) sensory memory

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory allows us to perceive motion pictures as seamless and connected images. It refers to the brief storage of perceptual information before it is passed to short-term memory. In the case of motion pictures, visual input is rapidly sent from the eyes to the brain where the information from the last few moments is stored in sensory memory, allowing us to perceive motion smoothly.

Question 11

You quickly walk through your living room and hear a few words of a commercial coming form the television.An exact copy of these words will remain in your auditory system for about two seconds and are referred to as __________ memory.
A) iconic
B) echoic
C) short-term
D) flashbulb

Accepted Answer

Echoic memory refers to the brief sensory memory of auditory stimuli, such as sounds or words, which lasts for about 2-3 seconds.

Question 12

Through selective attention, information is moved to short-term memory from __________ memory.
A) procedural
B) sensory
C) implicit
D) eidetic

Accepted Answer

Selective attention allows only certain sensory information to be transferred from sensory memory to short-term memory.

Question 13

As your friend reads her shopping list to you in her apartment, you are aware that the radio is playing in the background.The fact that you remember what your friend said and not what the announcer on the radio said can be attributed to
A) short-term memory.
B) redintegrative memory.
C) selective attention.
D) constructive processing.

Accepted Answer

Selective attention is the ability to focus on one stimulus while ignoring others. In this case, you were able to focus on your friend's shopping list and ignore the radio playing in the background, demonstrating the use of selective attention.

Question 14

The first stage of memory, which holds an exact record of incoming information for a few seconds or less is called __________ memory.
A) short-term
B) working
C) sensory
D) engram

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory is the first stage of memory that holds an exact record of incoming information for a few seconds or less.

Question 15

If you are selectively attending to the terms you are trying to study, they will most likely be automatically
A) encoded into iconic memory.
B) stored in sensory memory.
C) retrieved from short-term memory and stored in working memory.
D) retrieved from sensory memory and encoded in short-term memory.

Accepted Answer

Selective attention to study materials facilitates the process of retrieving information from sensory memory (where all sensory input is temporarily stored) and encoding it into short-term memory, where it can be actively worked with and further processed. Iconic memory is a type of sensory memory specific to visual information, and while it is the initial stage of memory storage, the act of studying and focusing on terms implies moving beyond mere sensory storage to active processing and encoding in short-term memory.

Question 16

Which memory stage are we largely unaware of but which holds information just long enough for it to be moved to the second memory stage?
A) short-term memory
B) procedural memory
C) sensory memory
D) episodic memory

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory is the stage of memory where information from our senses is held for a brief period of time (usually less than a second) before it is either transferred to the next stage of memory or forgotten. We are largely unaware of this stage of memory because it happens automatically without conscious effort, and information is held for such a short amount of time that it is quickly replaced by new sensory information.

Question 17

A person is able to move information to the second memory stage by focusing on a selected portion of a sensory input, a process known as
A) selective attention
B) constructive processing.
C) priming.
D) consolidation.

Accepted Answer

Selective attention is the process by which a person focuses on a specific portion of sensory input, allowing that information to move from the sensory memory stage to the second memory stage. The other options (constructive processing, priming, consolidation) refer to different processes in memory that do not involve the initial transfer of sensory information to the second memory stage.

Question 18

You and a friend are seated in the large auditorium psychology class.There are two students seated right behind you talking about what they did last weekend.You have trouble concentrating on what the teacher is saying, but you picked up on a lot of campus gossip from the conversation going on behind you.At the end of class, you relate to your friend the latest gossip heard during class, but she does not remember hearing any gossip and is really worried about how she will complete the new assignment that the teacher discussed today.You think, "What new assignment?" This explains the difference in your and your friend's
A) short-term memory.
B) redintegrative memory.
C) selective attention.
D) procedural memory.

Accepted Answer

The difference in what you and your friend remember can be attributed to selective attention, which is the ability to focus on certain stimuli while filtering out others. Your friend was likely focusing on the teacher's discussion of the new assignment, while you were paying attention to the conversation happening behind you. This is why you heard the gossip but missed the information about the assignment. Short-term memory and procedural memory are not relevant to this scenario, and redintegrative memory is a lesser-known concept that is not applicable here.

Question 19

The types of sensory memory include
A) declarative memory and semantic memory.
B) skill memory and fact memory.
C) procedural memory and episodic memory.
D) iconic memory and echoic memory.

Accepted Answer

The types of sensory memory are iconic memory (visual sensory memory) and echoic memory (auditory sensory memory). Declarative memory and semantic memory are types of long-term memory, while skill memory and fact memory are types of procedural memory. Episodic memory is also a type of long-term memory.

Question 20

The memory system used to hold small amounts of information for relatively brief time periods of approximately a dozen seconds or so is called __________ memory.
A) episodic
B) short-term
C) long-term
D) procedural

Accepted Answer

Short-term memory is described as the memory system that holds small amounts of information for relatively brief time periods of approximately a dozen seconds or so.

Quiz 7: Memory.

Visual sensory images that persist for about one-half second after being seen are referred to as

Echoic memory involves a brief flurry of activity in the auditory system that lasts for up to __________ second(s) .

If you look at a flower and then quickly close your eyes, you will see a fleeting visual image for about one-half second that is referred to as

Which of the following determines what information moves from sensory memory to short-term memory?

Iconic memory and echoic memory are two types of __________ memory.

Iconic memory involves fleeting visual images that persist for about __________ second(s) .

A brief continuation of sensory activity in the auditory system after a sound is first heard is referred to as __________ memory.

Sensory memory is the stage of memory that

Selective attention determines what information moves from

Which stage of memory allows us to perceive motion pictures as seamless and connected images?

You quickly walk through your living room and hear a few words of a commercial coming form the television.An exact copy of these words will remain in your auditory system for about two seconds and are referred to as __________ memory.

Through selective attention, information is moved to short-term memory from __________ memory.

As your friend reads her shopping list to you in her apartment, you are aware that the radio is playing in the background.The fact that you remember what your friend said and not what the announcer on the radio said can be attributed to

The first stage of memory, which holds an exact record of incoming information for a few seconds or less is called __________ memory.

If you are selectively attending to the terms you are trying to study, they will most likely be automatically

Which memory stage are we largely unaware of but which holds information just long enough for it to be moved to the second memory stage?

A person is able to move information to the second memory stage by focusing on a selected portion of a sensory input, a process known as

The types of sensory memory include

The memory system used to hold small amounts of information for relatively brief time periods of approximately a dozen seconds or so is called __________ memory.