Question 1

Which of the following are not direct tests of the brain, but are subtle outward behavioral signs of nervous system dysfunction that have been used to diagnose problems ranging from childhood learning disorders to psychosis?
A) confabulations
B) neurological soft signs
C) neural inductions
D) brain embolisms

Accepted Answer

Neurological soft signs are the subtle outward behavioral signs of nervous system dysfunction that have been used to diagnose problems ranging from childhood learning disorders to psychosis. Confabulations, brain embolisms, and neural inductions are direct tests of the brain.

Question 2

Dr.Amad is a psychologist who is studying how parts of the brain control particular mental or behavioral functions, such as being able to recognize faces, speak, problem-solve, or move one's hands or feet.Dr.Amad would be referred to as a
A) neurogenic psychologist.
B) biopsychologist.
C) physiological behaviorist.
D) cranial behaviorist.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Amad's area of study focuses on the biological basis of behavior, which is best described as the field of biopsychology. Therefore, Dr. Amad would be referred to as a biopsychologist. The other answer choices do not accurately describe Dr. Amad's area of study.

Question 3

Which technique produces the most detailed images of brain structures and allows any two-dimensional plane, or slice, of the body to be selected and displayed as an image on a computer screen?
A) MRI scan
B) ESB
C) CT scan
D) EEG

Accepted Answer

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) produces highly detailed images of brain structures and allows for any two-dimensional plane to be selected and displayed as an image on a computer screen. MRI uses a strong magnetic field and radio waves to generate images of the brain. CT (Computed Tomography) scan produces detailed images as well, but not as detailed as MRI, and involves exposure to ionizing radiation. ESB (Electrical Stimulation of the Brain) and EEG (Electroencephalogram) are techniques for studying brain activity, but do not produce detailed images of brain structures.

Question 4

When a researcher tries to identify which structures in the brain control specific psychological or behavioral functions, such as recognizing faces or moving the hands, the basic research strategy is called
A) localization of function.
B) constraint-induced analysis.
C) extrapolated functional analysis.
D) neuroplasticity.

Accepted Answer

The basic research strategy of identifying which structures in the brain control specific psychological or behavioral functions is called localization of function. This involves pinpointing specific regions or areas of the brain that are associated with specific functions or behaviors.

Question 5

Studies that examine changes in personality, behavior, or sensory capacity caused by brain diseases or injuries and help doctors to localize function by linking psychological or behavioral capacities with particular brain structures are known as
A) neural induction.
B) neurogenesis.
C) functional analysis.
D) natural clinical tests.

Accepted Answer

Natural clinical tests involve studying individuals with brain injuries or diseases to understand the relationship between brain structures and functions.

Question 6

Clarence was in a car accident, and the doctor suspects that he may have suffered damage to his brain.He is put in a chamber with a strong magnetic field that will yield a three-dimensional picture of Clarence's brain.Which technique is being utilized?
A) EEG
B) MRI
C) PET
D) CT

Accepted Answer

The scenario describes the use of an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) machine, which utilizes a strong magnetic field to create a detailed, three-dimensional image of the brain. EEG (electroencephalography) measures electrical activity in the brain, while PET (positron emission tomography) and CT (computed tomography) involve the injection of a radioactive substance and X-rays, respectively, to create images of the brain.

Question 7

A psychiatrist does a lengthy and thorough examination of a patient in a hospital.This patient was the victim of a car accident, in which a pen that was lying on the dashboard actually pierced her skull and her brain.The psychiatrist performs physical examinations, interviews with the patient and family members, and closely observes her behavior.This technique is known as a(n)
A) case study.
B) ablation.
C) ESB.
D) functional analysis.

Accepted Answer

The technique described involves a detailed examination of a single patient, which is the definition of a case study. Ablation refers to the removal of a specific brain area, ESB (electrical stimulation of the brain) involves applying electrical impulses to specific areas of the brain, and functional analysis typically refers to a method of studying behavior in experimental settings. None of these fully capture the approach described in the scenario.

Question 8

After Phineas Gage's accident in which a metal rod entered his brain, the doctors kept notes on his behavior, used tests to measure various responses, and interviewed Phineas and those who knew him.His brain injury was studied using a(n)
A) ablation.
B) natural clinical test.
C) ESB.
D) functional analysis.

Accepted Answer

The doctors studied Phineas Gage's brain injury using natural clinical tests by keeping notes on his behavior, using tests to measure various responses, and interviewing Phineas and those who knew him. They did not use ablation or ESB, which involve manipulating the brain in some way, nor did they conduct a functional analysis, which is a more specialized research method.

Question 9

The study of how biological processes, the brain, and the nervous system are related to behavior is called
A) neuroinduction.
B) biopsychology.
C) physiological behaviorism.
D) ablation.

Accepted Answer

Biopsychology, also known as behavioral neuroscience, is the study of how biological processes, the brain, and the nervous system are related to behavior. Neuroinduction is not a real term used in psychology or neuroscience. Physiological behaviorism is an approach to psychology that emphasizes the role of internal physiological processes in behavior, but it does not specifically focus on the brain and nervous system. Ablation refers to the surgical removal or destruction of tissue, which is not directly related to the study of behavior and biology.

Question 10

Juan's physician has told him that he wants him to take a test that will give a three-dimensional representation of Juan's brain.This procedure will require Juan to be placed in a strong magnetic field.The test being discussed is the
A) EEG.
B) CT scan.
C) MRI scan.
D) PET scan.

Accepted Answer

The procedure being discussed is an MRI scan which utilizes a strong magnetic field to create a three-dimensional image of the brain. EEG measures electrical activity of the brain, CT scan utilizes X-rays, and PET scan measures metabolic activity in the brain.

Question 11

Which of the following structural imaging techniques allows scientists to peer into the living brain, almost as if it were transparent, with recent developments in this technique making it possible to explore pathways in the brain in ever great detail?​
A) ​MRI scan
B) ​CT scan
C) ​PET scan
D) ​EEG

Accepted Answer

MRI scans allow scientists to obtain detailed images of the brain without using ionizing radiation. Recent developments such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) also enable the exploration of brain pathways in greater detail. CT scans use ionizing radiation and are better suited for detecting structural abnormalities such as tumors or hemorrhages. PET scans measure brain activity by detecting radioactive tracers, and EEG records electrical activity in the brain, but both provide less detailed structural information than MRI scans.

Question 12

Ray awoke one morning to find that he could not see anything in the upper right side of his visual field, his right eye and the right side of his mouth looked different in the mirror, his gait when walking was a bit awkward, and he felt generally "clumsy." Ray is exhibiting
A) neurological soft signs of a stroke.
B) the initial onset of spatial neglect.
C) hard neurological signs of facial agnosia.
D) the initial onset of Alzheimer's disease.

Accepted Answer

Ray's symptoms are indicative of a stroke, which can cause sudden neurological deficits such as partial vision loss, facial drooping, and coordination problems. These are considered hard neurological signs rather than soft signs or symptoms of other conditions like spatial neglect, facial agnosia, or Alzheimer's disease.

Question 13

Max, a seventy-year-old man, has recently been exhibiting a somewhat awkward gait and poor eye-hand coordination as well as slight changes to his personality.His family encourages him to see a doctor, who determines that Max has had a slight stroke.Max's family had observed
A) neural inductions.
B) psychotic indicators.
C) confabulations.
D) neurological soft signs.

Accepted Answer

Max's symptoms of awkward gait, poor eye-hand coordination, and changes to his personality are indicative of neurological soft signs, which are mild neurological abnormalities that suggest dysfunction in the central nervous system. The diagnosis of a stroke also supports the presence of neurological dysfunction. Neural inductions, psychotic indicators, and confabulations are not relevant to Max's symptoms or diagnosis.

Question 14

Jacob suspects he may have had a stroke because he is having some difficulty in controlling his right hand and feels numbness on the right side of his face.This behavioral evidence of possible brain damage is called
A) neurological soft signs.
B) spatial neglect.
C) neurogenesis.
D) virilism.

Accepted Answer

Neurological soft signs are subtle behavioral evidence of possible brain damage or dysfunction. Jacob's difficulty in controlling his right hand and numbness on the right side of his face are both examples of neurological soft signs that may suggest he has had a stroke. Spatial neglect refers to a condition where individuals have difficulty perceiving and attending to one side of their environment due to brain damage. Neurogenesis refers to the process of generating new neurons in the brain. Virilism refers to the development of physical traits typically associated with males in females due to excessive androgen production. None of these options are relevant to Jacob's symptoms.

Question 15

The research strategy of linking specific structures in the brain with specific psychological or behavioral functions is known as
A) ablation.
B) constraint-induced functionality.
C) localization of function.
D) functional analysis.

Accepted Answer

The research strategy of linking specific structures in the brain with specific psychological or behavioral functions is called localization of function. This approach involves examining the brain structures involved in a particular behavior or mental process and determining how different areas of the brain contribute to that function. Ablation involves selectively removing brain tissue to determine its function, while constraint-induced functionality refers to a rehabilitation technique for stroke patients. Functional analysis is a broader term that can refer to many different approaches to studying behavior and mental processes.

Question 16

Jessie is a psychologist who specializes in how a person's biological processes, brain, and nervous system are related to behavior.Jessie would be referred to as a
A) neurogenic psychologist.
B) biopsychologist.
C) physiological behaviorist.
D) cranial behaviorist.

Accepted Answer

A psychologist who specializes in how a person's biological processes, brain, and nervous system are related to behavior is known as biopsychologist.

Question 17

Many techniques have been developed to help identify brain structures and the functions they control.These research techniques are part of the basic research strategy known as
A) constraint-induced analysis.
B) localization of function.
C) neuroplastic analysis.
D) functional lateralization.

Accepted Answer

The techniques that aid in identifying brain structures and their functions are part of the basic research strategy known as localization of function.

Question 18

If damage to a particular part of the brain consistently leads to a particular loss of function, then we say that the function is
A) localized in that structure.
B) generalized for that structure.
C) ablated within that structure.
D) constrained to that structure.

Accepted Answer

If damage to a particular part of the brain consistently leads to a particular loss of function, then we say that the function is localized in that structure. This means that the function is specifically related to that particular part of the brain and cannot be generalized or constrained to other structures in the brain.

Question 19

The symptoms of memory loss, trouble spelling words, depression, and moodiness exhibited by Dave Duerson and other NFL football players who had suffered concussions would be considered
A) neurological soft signs.
B) symptoms of spatial neglect.
C) functional lateralizations.
D) confabulations.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are consistent with neurological soft signs, which are mild neurological abnormalities that may indicate damage to the brain. These symptoms can result from repeated concussions and head injuries, which are common among NFL players.

Question 20

A detailed investigation of a single person, especially one suffering from some injury or disease, is known as a natural clinical test, or a(n)
A) ablation.
B) functional analysis.
C) case study.
D) neural dissection.

Accepted Answer

A case study is a detailed investigation of a single person, especially one suffering from some injury or disease. A natural clinical test and neural dissection are not synonymous with case studies. Ablation refers to the surgical removal of tissue or an organ and is also not synonymous with case studies. Functional analysis is a type of experimental analysis and not necessarily related to case studies.

Quiz 2: Brain and Behavior.

Which of the following are not direct tests of the brain, but are subtle outward behavioral signs of nervous system dysfunction that have been used to diagnose problems ranging from childhood learning disorders to psychosis?

Dr.Amad is a psychologist who is studying how parts of the brain control particular mental or behavioral functions, such as being able to recognize faces, speak, problem-solve, or move one's hands or feet.Dr.Amad would be referred to as a

Which technique produces the most detailed images of brain structures and allows any two-dimensional plane, or slice, of the body to be selected and displayed as an image on a computer screen?

When a researcher tries to identify which structures in the brain control specific psychological or behavioral functions, such as recognizing faces or moving the hands, the basic research strategy is called

Studies that examine changes in personality, behavior, or sensory capacity caused by brain diseases or injuries and help doctors to localize function by linking psychological or behavioral capacities with particular brain structures are known as

Clarence was in a car accident, and the doctor suspects that he may have suffered damage to his brain.He is put in a chamber with a strong magnetic field that will yield a three-dimensional picture of Clarence's brain.Which technique is being utilized?

After Phineas Gage's accident in which a metal rod entered his brain, the doctors kept notes on his behavior, used tests to measure various responses, and interviewed Phineas and those who knew him.His brain injury was studied using a(n)

The study of how biological processes, the brain, and the nervous system are related to behavior is called

Juan's physician has told him that he wants him to take a test that will give a three-dimensional representation of Juan's brain.This procedure will require Juan to be placed in a strong magnetic field.The test being discussed is the

Which of the following structural imaging techniques allows scientists to peer into the living brain, almost as if it were transparent, with recent developments in this technique making it possible to explore pathways in the brain in ever great detail?​

Ray awoke one morning to find that he could not see anything in the upper right side of his visual field, his right eye and the right side of his mouth looked different in the mirror, his gait when walking was a bit awkward, and he felt generally "clumsy." Ray is exhibiting

Max, a seventy-year-old man, has recently been exhibiting a somewhat awkward gait and poor eye-hand coordination as well as slight changes to his personality.His family encourages him to see a doctor, who determines that Max has had a slight stroke.Max's family had observed

Jacob suspects he may have had a stroke because he is having some difficulty in controlling his right hand and feels numbness on the right side of his face.This behavioral evidence of possible brain damage is called

The research strategy of linking specific structures in the brain with specific psychological or behavioral functions is known as

Jessie is a psychologist who specializes in how a person's biological processes, brain, and nervous system are related to behavior.Jessie would be referred to as a

Many techniques have been developed to help identify brain structures and the functions they control.These research techniques are part of the basic research strategy known as

If damage to a particular part of the brain consistently leads to a particular loss of function, then we say that the function is

The symptoms of memory loss, trouble spelling words, depression, and moodiness exhibited by Dave Duerson and other NFL football players who had suffered concussions would be considered

A detailed investigation of a single person, especially one suffering from some injury or disease, is known as a natural clinical test, or a(n)

Which of the following structural imaging techniques allows scientists to peer into the living brain, almost as if it were transparent, with recent developments in this technique making it possible to explore pathways in the brain in ever great detail?