Question 1

Figure 6- 1 Bone Tissue
Use Figure 6- 1 to answer the following questions):
-Which structure is termed an osteon?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Accepted Answer

The structure labeled as 2 is an osteon, which is the basic functional unit of compact bone tissue. It consists of concentric layers of mineralized extracellular matrix surrounding a central canal called the Haversian canal.

Question 2

Figure 6- 1 Bone Tissue
Use Figure 6- 1 to answer the following questions):
-The structure labeled "3" is the result of which process?
A) remodeling of compact bone
B) osteoporosis
C) bone cells adding matrix between existing osteons
D) surface growth of bone
E) remodeling of spongy bone

Accepted Answer

The answer of  Figure 6- 1 Bone Tissue
Use Figure...

Question 3

The following are major steps in the process of intramembranous ossification. 1. Clusters of osteoblasts form osteoid that becomes mineralized.
2) Osteoblasts differentiate within mesenchymal connective tissue.
3) Spicules of bone radiate out from the ossification centers.
4) Mesenchymal cells aggregate.
The correct order for these events is
A) 2, 1, 3, 4.
B) 4, 1, 2, 3.
C) 2, 3, 1, 4.
D) 4, 2, 1, 3.

Accepted Answer

Intramembranous ossification begins with the aggregation of mesenchymal cells (4), which then differentiate into osteoblasts (2). These osteoblasts form osteoid that becomes mineralized (1), and finally, spicules of bone radiate out from the ossification centers (3).

Question 4

After a fracture of the diaphysis has healed, the thickened region that results is called the
A) external callus.
B) fracture facet.
C) dense tuberosity.
D) epiphyseal plate.
E) condyle.

Accepted Answer

The thickened region that forms after a fracture heals is called the external callus, which stabilizes the fracture during the healing process.

Question 5

Small, oddly shaped bones that fill gaps between bones of the skull are called_____ bones.
A) sagittal
B) irregular
C) tendon
D) sesamoid
E) sutural

Accepted Answer

Sutural bones, also known as Wormian bones, are small, irregular bones that can be found between the sutures of the skull.

Question 6

A child with rickets often has
A) bowed legs.
B) oversized facial bones.
C) inadequate muscle development.
D) long fingers.
E) frequent bruises.

Accepted Answer

Rickets is a condition caused by vitamin D deficiency, leading to softening and weakening of bones in children, often resulting in bowed legs.

Question 7

Accelerated closure of the epiphyseal plates could be caused by
A) elevated levels of estrogen.
B) too little thyroxine.
C) high levels of vitamin D.
D) too much calcium in the diet.
E) an excess of growth hormone.

Accepted Answer

Elevated levels of estrogen can lead to the accelerated closure of the epiphyseal plates, as estrogen promotes the maturation and eventual fusion of these growth plates.

Question 8

A deep hollow on a bone is termed a
A) fossa.
B) sulcus.
C) fissure.
D) line.
E) facet.

Accepted Answer

A fossa is a deep hollow on a bone.

Question 9

Identify the structures labeled "4."
A) circumferential lamellae
B) interstitial lamellae
C) periosteum
D) trabeculae
E) concentric lamellae

Accepted Answer

The concentric lamellae are the layers of bone that are arranged around the central canal of an osteon.

Question 10

Figure 6- 2 Endochondral Ossification
Use Figure 6- 2 to answer the following questions):
-Where does growth in length occur?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Accepted Answer

The answer of  Figure 6- 2 Endochondral Ossification
Use Figure...

Question 11

______accounts for almost two- thirds of the weight of bone.
A) Collagen fibers
B) Fluoride
C) Water
D) Calcium carbonate
E) Calcium phosphate

Accepted Answer

Calcium phosphate accounts for almost two-thirds of the weight of bone, providing it with strength and rigidity.

Question 12

When the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone,
A) long bones have reached their adult length.
B) interstitial bone growth begins.
C) the bone becomes more brittle.
D) puberty begins.
E) appositional bone growth begins.

Accepted Answer

The epiphyseal plate, also known as the growth plate, is where new bone is produced during growth. Once it is replaced by bone, it indicates that the bone has reached its adult length and longitudinal growth has ceased.

Question 13

The smooth, rounded articular process of a bone is termed a
A) head.
B) crest.
C) ridge.
D) trochlea.
E) condyle.

Accepted Answer

A condyle is a smooth, rounded articular process of a bone, typically involved in forming joints.

Question 14

Figure 6- 1 Bone Tissue
Use Figure 6- 1 to answer the following questions):
-Where would osteoclasts be most active?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Accepted Answer

The answer of  Figure 6- 1 Bone Tissue
Use Figure...

Question 15

Figure 6- 1 Bone Tissue
Use Figure 6- 1 to answer the following questions):
-Through the action of osteoclasts,
A) new bone is formed.
B) bony matrix is dissolved.
C) fractured bones regenerate.
D) an organic framework is formed.
E) osteoid is calcified.

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts are specialized cells that break down bone tissue by dissolving the bony matrix, a process known as bone resorption.

Question 16

The deposition of calcium salts in bone tissues is referred to as
A) ossification.
B) osteogenesis.
C) remodeling.
D) hardening.
E) calcification.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The deposition of calcium salts in bone...

Question 17

Mary is 50 years old and has entered menopause. During a checkup, a bone scan reveals the beginnings of osteoporosis. Her physician suggests hormone therapy. What hormone might she prescribe for her patient?
A) parathyroid hormone
B) growth hormone
C) estrogen
D) calcitonin
E) thyroid hormone

Accepted Answer

Estrogen is often prescribed for postmenopausal women to help prevent osteoporosis, as it helps maintain bone density.

Question 18

When stress is applied to a bone,
A) the bone becomes thin and brittle.
B) osteoclast activity increases.
C) the bone compensates by becoming thinner in the region of stress.
D) the minerals in the bone produce a weak electrical field that attracts osteoblasts.
E) it usually breaks.

Accepted Answer

When stress is applied to a bone, the minerals in the bone produce a weak electrical field that attracts osteoblasts, which are cells responsible for bone formation. This process helps in strengthening the bone in response to stress.

Question 19

Bone is composed of ______percent cells.
A) 2
B) 25
C) 50
D) 15
E) 10

Accepted Answer

Bone is composed of approximately 2 percent cells, with the rest being made up of the extracellular matrix and mineral content.

Question 20

If osteoclasts are more active than osteoblasts, bones will become
A) stronger.
B) osteopenic.
C) thicker.
D) denser.
E) calcified.

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts break down bone tissue, so if they are more active than osteoblasts, which build bone, it leads to bone loss or osteopenia.

Quiz 6: Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

Figure 6- 1 Bone Tissue Use Figure 6- 1 to answer the following questions) : -Which structure is termed an osteon?

Figure 6- 1 Bone Tissue Use Figure 6- 1 to answer the following questions) : -The structure labeled "3" is the result of which process?

After a fracture of the diaphysis has healed, the thickened region that results is called the

Small, oddly shaped bones that fill gaps between bones of the skull are called_____ bones.

A child with rickets often has

Accelerated closure of the epiphyseal plates could be caused by

A deep hollow on a bone is termed a

Identify the structures labeled "4."

Figure 6- 2 Endochondral Ossification Use Figure 6- 2 to answer the following questions) : -Where does growth in length occur?

______accounts for almost two- thirds of the weight of bone.

When the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone,

The smooth, rounded articular process of a bone is termed a

Figure 6- 1 Bone Tissue Use Figure 6- 1 to answer the following questions) : -Where would osteoclasts be most active?

The deposition of calcium salts in bone tissues is referred to as

Mary is 50 years old and has entered menopause. During a checkup, a bone scan reveals the beginnings of osteoporosis. Her physician suggests hormone therapy. What hormone might she prescribe for her patient?

When stress is applied to a bone,

Bone is composed of ______percent cells.

If osteoclasts are more active than osteoblasts, bones will become