Question 1

The part of the nervous system that conducts impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles is the_________nervous system.

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Question 2

What symptoms would a nurse focus on in his or her care of a patient with multiple sclerosis?

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Question 3

Neuroglia found in the CNS that change the permeability of capillaries in the brain by binding to and surrounding these blood vessels are called_________ .

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Question 4

What mechanism is responsible for axonal transport?

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Question 5

When one or more presynaptic neurons fire in rapid order it produces a much greater depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane than would result from a single EPSP; this event is called __________ summation.

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Question 6

What is the difference between a direct acting neurotransmitter and an indirect acting neurotransmitter?

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Question 7

What is the role of microglial cells and why are they so important in the CNS?

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Question 8

Which group of neurotransmitters play a role in emotional behavior and help regulate the biological clock?

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Question 9

Because all action potentials are alike, how does the brain separate situations that require immediate attention from ordinary "positional" reports?

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Question 10

What function is served by the increased axon diameter at the nodes of Ranvier?

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Question 11

Which of the following describes the excitatory postsynaptic potential?
A) short distance depolarization
B) opens K+ or Cl- channels
C) moves membrane potential away from threshold
D) short distance hyperpolarization

Accepted Answer

The excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is a short distance depolarization that moves the membrane potential closer to threshold and makes it more likely for an action potential to occur. Choice A accurately describes this phenomenon. Choice B is incorrect because opening K+ or Cl- channels would cause hyperpolarization, not depolarization. Choice C is also incorrect because EPSPs move the membrane potential towards threshold, not away from it. Choice D describes the inhibitory postsynaptic potential (IPSP), which is a short distance hyperpolarization that moves the membrane potential farther away from threshold and makes it less likely for an action potential to occur.

Question 12

At the biochemical level, what is the explanation of the hyperpolarization phase at the conclusion of the action potential?

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Question 13

A patient is admitted to the hospital with exacerbation of multiple sclerosis (MS). She asks the nurse, "Why did this have to happen to me again? I was doing so well." Explain why some forms of MS are characterized by periods of remission and exacerbation.

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Question 14

A heroin addict was brought into the emergency room. The addict's friend asks the emergency room physician why heroin and morphine are such addictive drugs. How does the physician respond?

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Question 15

Define synaptic delay.

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Question 16

What are the basic divisions of the peripheral nervous system?

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Question 17

The synapse more common in embryonic nervous tissue than in adults is the __________ .

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Question 18

Imagine a neuron that has several hundred axonal knobs impinging on it. The majority of these axonal knobs are shown to be "firing." However, the neuron in question does not transmit an impulse. Give a valid explanation of why this could occur.

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Question 19

When information is delivered within the CNS simultaneously by different parts of the neural pathway, the process is called __________ processing.

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Question 20

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease in which the myelin sheaths are destroyed. What process does this interfere with and what would be the consequence?

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Quiz 11: Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue