Question 1

A survey to collect data on the entire population is
A) a census
B) a sample
C) a population
D) an inference

Accepted Answer

A survey to collect data on the entire population is called a census. A sample is a subset of the population that is selected for study, while a population refers to the entire group of individuals or objects that the study is focused on. Inference refers to drawing conclusions based on the data collected. Therefore, option A is the correct choice.

Question 2

How many scales of measurement exist?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many scales of measurement exist?
A) 1
B)...

Question 3

Which of the following is the correct number of classes in a frequency distribution?
A) 4
B) 6
C) 10
D) There is no correct number of classes.

Accepted Answer

The correct number of classes in a frequency distribution depends on the data set and the context in which it is being analyzed. There is no universally correct number.

Question 4

A population is
A) the same as a sample
B) the selection of a random sample
C) the collection of all items of interest in a particular study
D) always the same size as the sample

Accepted Answer

A population refers to the entire group of individuals, objects, or events that a researcher is interested in studying. It is the collection of all items of interest in a particular study, and may or may not be the same size as the sample that is chosen to represent it.

Question 5

In Excel, a worksheet that displays the data for the problem and shows the results of the analysis is
A) a formula worksheet
B) a value worksheet
C) an absolute worksheet
D) a descriptive worksheet

Accepted Answer

A worksheet that displays the data for the problem and shows the results of the analysis is typically referred to as a "value worksheet." This is because it contains the actual data values and any calculated results based on those values. The other options listed are not commonly used terms in Excel.

Question 6

In a random sample of 200 items, 5 items were defective. An estimate of the percentage of defective items in the population is
A) 5.0%
B) 2.5%
C) 200
D) 10.0%

Accepted Answer

To estimate the percentage of defective items in the population, we use the sample proportion which is equal to (number of defective items in the sample/total number of items in the sample) = (5/200) = 0.025 or 2.5%. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 7

As one of its major contributions, statistics uses data from a sample to make estimates and test hypotheses about the characteristics of a population through a process referred to as
A) hypothesis of the sample
B) descriptive statistics
C) influencing the sample information
D) statistical inference

Accepted Answer

Statistical inference is the process of using data from a sample to make inferences or draw conclusions about a broader population. This involves making estimates and hypothesis testing that help researchers generalize findings from a sample to the population at large. Descriptive statistics, on the other hand, simply summarize and describe features of the data in the sample, while influencing the sample information is not a recognized term in statistics. Hypothesis of the sample is also not recognized in statistical inference.

Question 8

The process of conducting a survey to collect data for the entire population is called a
A) sample survey
B) population
C) census
D) statistical inference

Accepted Answer

The process of conducting a survey to collect data for the entire population is called a census. Sample survey is a method of collecting data from a subset of the population, statistical inference is the process of drawing conclusions about a population based on a sample.

Question 9

On a street, the houses are numbered from 300 to 450. The house numbers are examples of
A) categorical data
B) quantitative data
C) both quantitative and categorical data
D) neither quantitative nor categorical data

Accepted Answer

The answer of On a street, the houses are numbered...

Question 10

In Excel, a worksheet that displays the formulas used to create the results is a
A) results worksheet
B) formula worksheet
C) value worksheet
D) sample worksheet

Accepted Answer

A worksheet that displays the formulas used to create the results is called a formula worksheet. It allows the user to see which calculations were used to obtain the results and can be helpful for troubleshooting errors or modifying the formulas for different purposes.

Question 11

The process of conducting a survey to collect data for a sample is called a
A) sample survey
B) census
C) inference
D) either inference or census depending on the situation

Accepted Answer

A sample survey is a method of collecting data from a subset of a larger population. This is different from a census, which aims to survey every individual in the population. Inference refers to making conclusions about a population based on the data collected from a sample. Therefore, A is the best answer as it specifically refers to the process of collecting data from a sample.

Question 12

Which of the following can be classified as quantitative data?
A) interval and ordinal
B) ratio and ordinal
C) nominal and ordinal
D) interval and ratio

Accepted Answer

Quantitative data deals with numerical and measurable information. Interval and ratio data are both types of quantitative data. Nominal and ordinal data are both types of categorical data. Therefore, the best choice is D, which includes both interval and ratio data.

Question 13

The following is a frequency distribution of the monthly expenditures for gasoline of 400 households in Chattanooga. $\begin{array}{|c|c|r|}
\hline\text { Class } & \text { Expenditure \$) } & \text { \# of households } \
\hline 1 & 0 \text { and under } 20 & 84 \
\hline 2 & 20 \text { and under 40 } & 128 \
\hline 3 & 40 \text { and under } 60 & 68 \
\hline 4 & 60 \text { and under } 80 & 56 \
\hline 5 & 80 \text { and under } 100 & 40 \
\hline 6 & 100 \text { and over } & 24\\hline
\end{array}$ What is the cumulative relative frequency of the 3rd class?
A) .17
B) .53
C) .66
D) .70

Accepted Answer

The answer of The following is a frequency distribution of...

Question 14

In observational studies, the variable of interest
A) is not controlled
B) is controlled
C) must be numerical
D) cannot be numerical

Accepted Answer

In observational studies, the variable of interest is not controlled by the researcher, but rather is observed and measured as it naturally exists within the study population. Therefore, A is the correct choice. B is incorrect because in a controlled study, the variable of interest is deliberately manipulated by the researcher. C and D are both incorrect because the variable of interest can be any type of variable (numerical or categorical) in an observational study.

Question 15

In experimental studies, the variable of interest
A) is not controlled
B) is controlled
C) must be numerical
D) cannot be numerical

Accepted Answer

In experimental studies, the variable of interest must be controlled in order to isolate its effects and determine causality.

Question 16

Exhibit 1-1
In a recent study based upon an inspection of 200 homes in Daisy City, 80 were found to violate one or more city codes.
-Refer to Exhibit 1-1. The Daisy City study described above is an example of the use of a
A) census
B) sample
C) probability
D) population

Accepted Answer

The study is based on an inspection of 200 homes, indicating that a sample of homes was selected and inspected rather than the entire population of homes in Daisy City. Therefore, B (sample) is the correct choice. A (census) would apply if the study had inspected every home in Daisy City, which did not occur. Probability (C) is not applicable to the design of the study. Population (D) is the entire group of homes in Daisy City, which is not directly relevant to the study design itself.

Question 17

Exhibit 1-1
In a recent study based upon an inspection of 200 homes in Daisy City, 80 were found to violate one or more city codes.
-Refer to Exhibit 1-1. The city manager released a statement that 40% of Daisy City's 2,000 homes are in violation of city codes. The manager's statement is an example of
A) a census
B) an experiment
C) Data and Statistics
D) statistical inference

Accepted Answer

The city manager's statement is an example of statistical inference because they used a sample of 200 homes to make an inference about the entire population of 2,000 homes. It is not a census because they did not inspect all 2,000 homes, and it is not an experiment because they did not manipulate any variables or compare groups. It falls under the category of data and statistics, but the specific type of statistical analysis being used is inference.

Question 18

The sample size
A) can be larger than the population size
B) is always smaller than the population size
C) can be larger or smaller than the population size
D) is always equal to the size of the population

Accepted Answer

The answer of The sample size
A) can be larger than...

Question 19

An interviewer has made an error in recording the data. This type of error is known as
A) an experimental error
B) a data acquisition error
C) a non-experimental error
D) a conglomerate error

Accepted Answer

A data acquisition error refers to mistakes made during the collection or recording of data, such as recording incorrect values or data points. This is the most appropriate answer as it directly describes the situation presented in the question.

Question 20

Census refers to
A) an experimental study to collect data on the entire population
B) an experimental study to collect data on a sample
C) a survey to collect data on a sample
D) a survey to collect data on the entire population

Accepted Answer

Census refers to a survey to collect data on the entire population. It involves gathering information on every member of the population, rather than just a sample.

Quiz 1: Data and Statistics

A survey to collect data on the entire population is

How many scales of measurement exist?

Which of the following is the correct number of classes in a frequency distribution?

A population is

In Excel, a worksheet that displays the data for the problem and shows the results of the analysis is

In a random sample of 200 items, 5 items were defective. An estimate of the percentage of defective items in the population is

As one of its major contributions, statistics uses data from a sample to make estimates and test hypotheses about the characteristics of a population through a process referred to as

The process of conducting a survey to collect data for the entire population is called a

On a street, the houses are numbered from 300 to 450. The house numbers are examples of

In Excel, a worksheet that displays the formulas used to create the results is a

The process of conducting a survey to collect data for a sample is called a

Which of the following can be classified as quantitative data?

In observational studies, the variable of interest

In experimental studies, the variable of interest

Exhibit 1-1 In a recent study based upon an inspection of 200 homes in Daisy City, 80 were found to violate one or more city codes. -Refer to Exhibit 1-1. The Daisy City study described above is an example of the use of a

The sample size

An interviewer has made an error in recording the data. This type of error is known as

Census refers to