Question 1

Susan is a skier and never worried about driving in the snow.One day on the way to the ski resort she skidded off the road after hitting some ice.Now every time that Susan has to drive in the snow she becomes very nervous and scared.This is an example of ______.
A)behavioral contrast
B)sensitization
C)habituation
D)higher-order conditioning

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

McSweeney and Murphy demonstrated that ______ can cause a reward to lose its effectiveness.
A)sensitization
B)habituation
C)opponent process
D)behavioral contrast

Accepted Answer

Habituation refers to the process where repeated exposure to a stimulus results in a decrease in response, which can cause a reward to lose its effectiveness over time.

Question 3

Maurice was walking down a street in a new city where he has never been before.At first,he was frightened from all the cars,noise,and the people.However,as time progressed,Maurice became less and less fearful.Maurice is experiencing ______.
A)behavioral contrast
B)sensitization
C)habituation
D)higher-order conditioning

Accepted Answer

Maurice is experiencing habituation, which is the process of becoming accustomed to a stimulus after repeated exposure, leading to a decrease in response.

Question 4

An increase in a response due to repeated exposures is called ______.
A)sensitization
B)habituation
C)higher-order conditioning
D)modeling

Accepted Answer

Sensitization is the process where repeated exposure to a stimulus results in an increased response.

Question 5

The stronger the stimuli are,the more ______ you will experience.
A)behavioral contrast
B)opponent process
C)habituation
D)sensitization

Accepted Answer

Stronger stimuli typically lead to sensitization, where an organism becomes more responsive to a stimulus.

Question 6

Steve cannot stand the smell of cigarette smoke.However,when he goes to a casino there is a lot of cigarette smoke.At first,Steve can barely stand it.However,as time goes on,Steve no longer smells the smoke.Steve is experiencing ______.
A)higher-order conditioning
B)habituation
C)sensitization
D)behavioral contrast

Accepted Answer

Steve is experiencing habituation, which is a decrease in response to a stimulus after repeated exposure. In this case, Steve becomes accustomed to the smell of cigarette smoke and no longer notices it.

Question 7

Which of the following does not impact habituation?
A)more frequent stimulus presentations
B)changing characteristics of the stimulus
C)weaker stimuli
D)intense stimuli

Accepted Answer

Intense stimuli can enhance habituation, rather than impede it.

Question 8

Mark is walking alone in the woods.At first,he was scared from all the sounds,but as time progressed his fear decreased.Mark is experiencing ______.
A)habituation
B)sensitization
C)behavioral contrast
D)higher-order conditioning

Accepted Answer

Habituation is the process by which an individual becomes accustomed to a stimulus after repeated exposure, leading to a decrease in response. Mark's fear decreased as he got used to the sounds in the woods.

Question 9

McSweeney and Murphy demonstrated that ______ can cause a reward to increase its effectiveness.
A)sensitization
B)habituation
C)opponent process
D)behavioral contrast

Accepted Answer

Sensitization refers to an increased response to a stimulus, which can make a reward more effective by enhancing the organism's sensitivity to it.

Question 10

Sam goes to a new restaurant where the waitress recommends the Calamari.Although appetizing,Sam only consumed a small amount,relying instead on massive quantities of French Fries.The next time,however,Sam was enthusiastic and consumed a three servings of Calamari.This is an example of ______.
A)ingestional neophobia
B)sensitization
C)habituation
D)dishabituation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sam goes to a new restaurant where...

Question 11

Initially,Janice could not stand the smell of the neighbor's dog when she went to their house.After several times,Janice no longer smells the dog when she enters the house.Janice is experiencing ______.
A)habituation
B)higher-order conditioning
C)behavioral contrast
D)sensitization

Accepted Answer

Janice is experiencing habituation, which is a decrease in response to a stimulus after repeated exposure.

Question 12

A decrease in a response due to repeated exposures is called ______.
A)sensitization
B)habituation
C)higher-order conditioning
D)modeling

Accepted Answer

Habituation is a decrease in response to a stimulus that is presented repeatedly.

Question 13

______ always has a temporary effect.
A)Sensitization
B)Dishabituation
C)Behavioral contrast
D)Habituation

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______ always has a temporary effect.
A)Sensitization
B)Dishabituation
C)Behavioral contrast
D)Habituation...

Question 14

At a buffet restaurant I observe people eating lots and lots of food.Then they stop.After about 2 min they get up and go to the dessert area where they get large servings of ice cream and cake.They then return and eat these items.Which concepts explain why the individual would eat the dessert after eating a huge meal?
A)disinhibition
B)sensitization
C)higher-order conditioning
D)habituation

Accepted Answer

The answer of At a buffet restaurant I observe people...

Question 15

Last night,when Janice was trying to go to sleep she heard a band playing music.At first it was just irritating.But over time,the band actually sounded like it was getting louder even though it was not.This is an example of ______.
A)higher-order conditioning
B)habituation
C)sensitization
D)behavioral contrast

Accepted Answer

Sensitization is when a repeated stimulus causes an increased response over time, as Janice experienced with the music seeming to get louder.

Question 16

The weaker the stimulus,the more ______ you will experience.
A)higher-order conditioning
B)second-order conditioning
C)sensitization
D)habituation

Accepted Answer

Habituation occurs when repeated exposure to a weak or mild stimulus leads to a decrease in response, as the organism becomes accustomed to it.

Question 17

Marcus and Valerie go to a restaurant where he has a nice dinner.When the server arrives and asks for a dessert order Marcus declines.However,Valerie does not.When dessert arrives,Marcus has a sample of Valerie's dessert.Then orders a serving for himself.The reason Marcus consumes the dessert is due to ______.
A)habituation
B)sensitization
C)dishabituation
D)behavioral contrast

Accepted Answer

The answer of Marcus and Valerie go to a restaurant...

Question 18

The first time Frederick consumed raspberries he experienced some minor itchiness and tingling.Now every time Frederick consumes raspberries he breaks out in hives all over his body.Frederick is experiencing ______.
A)sensitization
B)habituation
C)higher-order conditioning
D)modeling

Accepted Answer

Frederick is experiencing sensitization, which is an increased reaction to a stimulus after repeated exposure, often seen in allergic reactions.

Question 19

Mark is walking alone in the woods.At first,he was scared from all the sounds.But as time passed his fear began to decrease.Then,a loud twig snapped behind him and Mark jumped.Now Mark is hearing twigs snapping all around him.Mark is experiencing ______.
A)habituation
B)sensitization
C)behavioral contrast
D)higher-order conditioning

Accepted Answer

Mark is experiencing sensitization, where his response to a stimulus (the snapping twig) becomes more pronounced after being exposed to it, leading to heightened awareness and reaction to similar stimuli.

Question 20

Which always has a temporary effect?
A)disinhibition
B)behavioral contrast
C)sensitization
D)habituation

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which always has a temporary effect?
A)disinhibition
B)behavioral contrast
C)sensitization
D)habituation...

Quiz 2: The Modification of Instinctive Behavior

Susan is a skier and never worried about driving in the snow.One day on the way to the ski resort she skidded off the road after hitting some ice.Now every time that Susan has to drive in the snow she becomes very nervous and scared.This is an example of ______.

McSweeney and Murphy demonstrated that ______ can cause a reward to lose its effectiveness.

Maurice was walking down a street in a new city where he has never been before.At first,he was frightened from all the cars,noise,and the people.However,as time progressed,Maurice became less and less fearful.Maurice is experiencing ______.

An increase in a response due to repeated exposures is called ______.

The stronger the stimuli are,the more ______ you will experience.

Steve cannot stand the smell of cigarette smoke.However,when he goes to a casino there is a lot of cigarette smoke.At first,Steve can barely stand it.However,as time goes on,Steve no longer smells the smoke.Steve is experiencing ______.

Which of the following does not impact habituation?

Mark is walking alone in the woods.At first,he was scared from all the sounds,but as time progressed his fear decreased.Mark is experiencing ______.

McSweeney and Murphy demonstrated that ______ can cause a reward to increase its effectiveness.

Sam goes to a new restaurant where the waitress recommends the Calamari.Although appetizing,Sam only consumed a small amount,relying instead on massive quantities of French Fries.The next time,however,Sam was enthusiastic and consumed a three servings of Calamari.This is an example of ______.

Initially,Janice could not stand the smell of the neighbor's dog when she went to their house.After several times,Janice no longer smells the dog when she enters the house.Janice is experiencing ______.

A decrease in a response due to repeated exposures is called ______.

______ always has a temporary effect.

Last night,when Janice was trying to go to sleep she heard a band playing music.At first it was just irritating.But over time,the band actually sounded like it was getting louder even though it was not.This is an example of ______.

The weaker the stimulus,the more ______ you will experience.

The first time Frederick consumed raspberries he experienced some minor itchiness and tingling.Now every time Frederick consumes raspberries he breaks out in hives all over his body.Frederick is experiencing ______.

Mark is walking alone in the woods.At first,he was scared from all the sounds.But as time passed his fear began to decrease.Then,a loud twig snapped behind him and Mark jumped.Now Mark is hearing twigs snapping all around him.Mark is experiencing ______.

Which always has a temporary effect?