Question 1

Nonverbal communication:
A) varies very little from one society to another.
B) is of little interest to sociologists because it is so difficult to observe.
C) varies according to ones race, class, and gender.
D) is usually one-way.

Accepted Answer

Nonverbal communication varies according to one's race, class, and gender as cultural norms and social contexts influence how nonverbal cues are expressed and interpreted.

Question 2

When the roles in ones role set clash with one another, the result is role _.
A) inconsistency
B) conflict
C) strain
D) breakdown

Accepted Answer

Role conflict occurs when there are incompatible demands placed upon a person relating to their different roles, leading to a clash.

Question 3

Parents vary their pattern of touch or tactile communication most often based on .
A) age
B) gender
C) race
D) communication style

Accepted Answer

The answer of Parents vary their pattern of touch or...

Question 4

Students are expected to spend a lot of time on their studies, but students are also increasingly expected to perform some sort of volunteer work and socialize in their residence halls. The result is:
A) role strain.
B) anomie.
C) role conflict.
D) role breakdown.

Accepted Answer

Role strain occurs when an individual is expected to fulfill multiple roles that make competing demands on their time and energy. In this case, students are expected to balance their studies, volunteer work, and social activities, which can lead to role strain.

Question 5

According to the text, in the study of social interaction, sociologists find that:
A) social status influences the meaning of nonverbal behaviors.
B) nonverbal communication, such as silence, has universal interpretations.
C) the vast majority of human communication is verbal.
D) although men and women have different speech patterns, they use nonverbal communication in the same ways.

Accepted Answer

Social status can affect how nonverbal behaviors are interpreted, as different statuses may convey different meanings or expectations in social interactions.

Question 6

Gender may be considered an achieved status as well as an ascribed status for all of the following reasons, except:
A) gender is socially constructed.
B) people enact their gender through behaviors and appearance.
C) some people transition in some way from the sex into which they were born.
D) gender and sex are unique concepts.

Accepted Answer

Gender and sex being unique concepts does not directly relate to the idea of gender as an achieved or ascribed status. The other options relate to how gender can be socially constructed and enacted, which aligns with the concept of achieved status.

Question 7

A status that is earned is called an:
A) acquired status.
B) achieved status.
C) assumed status.
D) ascribed status.

Accepted Answer

An achieved status is a status that is earned through one's own efforts.

Question 8

When a person defines her identity as a mechanic, she is creating her .
A) master or achieved status
B) ascribed status
C) role set
D) none of the above

Accepted Answer

A master or achieved status is a social position that a person can acquire based on merit; it reflects personal skills, abilities, and efforts. Being a mechanic is an achieved status because it is based on the individual's skills and training.

Question 9

Your age and race are examples of:
A) ascribed statuses.
B) achieved statuses.
C) assumed statuses.
D) acquired statuses.

Accepted Answer

Ascribed statuses are social positions a person is born into, such as age and race, which are not chosen or earned.

Question 10

A medical doctor and a judge are examples of .
A) ascribed statuses
B) achieved statuses
C) assumed statuses
D) acquired statuses

Accepted Answer

The answer of A medical doctor and a judge are...

Question 11

A student who admires her basketball coach and plans to become a coach herself is an example of .
A) role reversal
B) role modeling
C) role imitation
D) taking the role of the other

Accepted Answer

Role modeling is the process of imitating the behavior, attitudes, and values of another person. In this case, the student is imitating the behavior of her basketball coach, who she admires.

Question 12

An ascribed status is one that is .
A) beyond the individuals control
B) the responsibility of the individual
C) an earned status
D) a low rank

Accepted Answer

An ascribed status is one that is assigned to an individual based on characteristics such as race, gender, family background, or social class. These are beyond the individual's control, and they are not earned through their own efforts or achievements. Ascribed statuses can have a significant impact on an individual's social standing and opportunities in life.

Question 13

Anne is a college student, a full-time employee, and a mother of two young children. Anne is likely experiencing:
A) role conflict.
B) role strain.
C) status inconsistency.
D) status sets.

Accepted Answer

Anne is likely experiencing role conflict because she is juggling multiple roles that have competing demands, such as being a student, employee, and mother.

Question 14

Which of the following is false in regards to social interaction?
A) Everyday behaviors are shaped by society.
B) Most behaviors are inherently positive or negative, regardless of the situation is.
C) The cultural context is important in determining the meaning of a behavior.
D) An action that is positive in one culture may be negative in another.

Accepted Answer

Most behaviors are not inherently positive or negative; their interpretation often depends on the social and cultural context.

Question 15

A condition wherein a single role brings conflicting expectations is called role .
A) strain
B) breakdown
C) conflict
D) confusion

Accepted Answer

Role strain occurs when there are conflicting expectations within the same role, leading to stress or difficulty in fulfilling the role.

Question 16

According to the text, patterns of touch are strongly influenced by gender. Which of the following statements regarding gender and touch is false?
A) Women are more likely to use touch for emotional support than men are.
B) Boys tend to be touched by their parents more roughly than girls are.
C) In an interaction, which people touch others is a reflection of the relative social status of the participants.
D) In everyday interaction men and women tend to use touch about equally.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that men and women do not use touch equally in everyday interactions; women generally use touch more frequently for emotional support and connection.

Question 17

are statuses that demonstrate that it is difficult to draw a firm line between ascribed and achieved statuses.
A) Occupation and education
B) Social class and gender
C) Age and occupation
D) Being a parent and being a student

Accepted Answer

Social class and gender are both ascribed statuses, meaning that they are assigned to us at birth. However, they can also be achieved statuses, as we can change our social class or gender through our own actions. For example, someone who is born into a poor family can achieve a higher social class by getting a good education and a well-paying job. Similarly, someone who is born as one gender can achieve a different gender identity through transgender surgery or hormone therapy.

Question 18

Which of the following is likely not an example of one's master status?
A) Age
B) Race
C) Gender
D) Heterosexual

Accepted Answer

A master status is a social position that is the primary identifying characteristic of an individual. Age, race, and gender are often considered master statuses because they significantly influence how individuals are perceived and treated in society. "Heterosexual" is a sexual orientation and may not be as universally recognized as a master status compared to the others listed.

Question 19

Sociologist Arlie Hochschilds concept of "the second shift" is discussed in the text as an example of _.
A) a role set
B) role conflict
C) role strain
D) taking the role of the other

Accepted Answer

The concept of "the second shift" refers to the unpaid work at home (such as cooking, cleaning, and childcare) that is often expected of women in addition to their paid work outside of the home. This creates role conflict for women, who may feel pressure to excel in both their professional and domestic roles, leading to stress and potential strain on their mental and physical health. Therefore, the best choice is B) role conflict. There is no mention of role set, role strain, or taking the role of the other in relation to Hochschild's concept of the second shift.

Question 20

A status that is occupied from the moment of birth (e.g., your sex or race) is called an .
A) acquired status
B) assumed status
C) ascribed status
D) achieved status

Accepted Answer

An ascribed status is a social position a person is born into, such as race or sex, and is not chosen or earned.

Quiz 5: Social Structure and Social Interaction

Nonverbal communication:

When the roles in ones role set clash with one another, the result is role _.

Parents vary their pattern of touch or tactile communication most often based on .

Students are expected to spend a lot of time on their studies, but students are also increasingly expected to perform some sort of volunteer work and socialize in their residence halls. The result is:

According to the text, in the study of social interaction, sociologists find that:

Gender may be considered an achieved status as well as an ascribed status for all of the following reasons, except:

A status that is earned is called an:

When a person defines her identity as a mechanic, she is creating her .

Your age and race are examples of:

A medical doctor and a judge are examples of .

A student who admires her basketball coach and plans to become a coach herself is an example of .

An ascribed status is one that is .

Anne is a college student, a full-time employee, and a mother of two young children. Anne is likely experiencing:

Which of the following is false in regards to social interaction?

A condition wherein a single role brings conflicting expectations is called role .

According to the text, patterns of touch are strongly influenced by gender. Which of the following statements regarding gender and touch is false?

are statuses that demonstrate that it is difficult to draw a firm line between ascribed and achieved statuses.

Which of the following is likely not an example of one's master status?

Sociologist Arlie Hochschilds concept of "the second shift" is discussed in the text as an example of _.

A status that is occupied from the moment of birth (e.g., your sex or race) is called an .