Question 1

Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can damage the developing embryo and fetus,resulting in:
A) excessively large babies.
B) sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS).
C) fetal alcohol syndrome.
D) neonatal Korsakoff's syndrome.

Accepted Answer

Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can cause fetal alcohol syndrome, which can lead to physical, behavioral, and cognitive deficits in the child. Excessively large babies and neonatal Korsakoff's syndrome are not typically associated with alcohol use during pregnancy. While there is some evidence linking alcohol use during pregnancy to an increased risk of SIDS, this is not the most common consequence of alcohol use during pregnancy.

Question 2

An acquaintance of yours uses Ecstasy and says,"Wow! I was totally energized and tripping.It was like LSD and meth combined." Your acquaintance's experience with Ecstasy was:
A) very unusual; the drug usually acts as a central nervous system depressant.
B) common; the drug has both stimulant and hallucinogenic properties.
C) uncommon; the drug has stimulant but not hallucinogenic properties.
D) uncommon; the drug has hallucinogenic but not stimulant properties.

Accepted Answer

Ecstasy, also known as MDMA, has both stimulant and hallucinogenic properties. It increases levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin, which can produce feelings of euphoria, energy, and empathy. It can also cause hallucinations and distortions in perception. Thus, the user's experience of being energized and tripping aligns with the effects of Ecstasy.

Question 3

Which statement BEST describes the changes in the rate of opioid addiction in the United States over the past 30 to 40 years?
A) a slow but steady increase
B) relatively constant rates for 20-plus years,followed by a sudden decrease
C) minor increases and decreases throughout the years
D) up-and-down shifts throughout the years,with rates currently being high

Accepted Answer

The rate of opioid addiction in the United States has experienced fluctuations over the years, with significant increases in recent decades, leading to high current rates.

Question 4

Robert has just taken marijuana.Almost half an hour passes before he begins to experience the drug high.Robert has most likely _____ the marijuana.
A) smoked
B) eaten
C) intramuscularly injected
D) intravenously injected

Accepted Answer

When marijuana is eaten, it takes longer for the effects to be felt, typically around 30 minutes to 2 hours, due to the time it takes for the drug to be digested and metabolized.

Question 5

A friend has done some heavy drinking and asks you what to do to "sober up" as quickly as possible.The response that is MOST appropriate is:
A) Drink coffee,lots of coffee.
B) Stop drinking.
C) Take an ice-cold shower.
D) Drink carbonated soda.

Accepted Answer

The most effective way to sober up is to simply stop drinking and wait for the body to metabolize the alcohol. The liver can only break down approximately one standard drink per hour, so time is the only way to eliminate alcohol from the body. Caffeine in coffee may make one feel more alert, but it does not actually reduce the intoxicating effects of alcohol. Cold showers or carbonated soda have no effect on alcohol in the body.

Question 6

The club drug that damages nerve endings but is NOT considered hallucinogenic is:
A) methamphetamine.
B) amphetamine.
C) Ecstasy (MDMA).
D) hashish.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The club drug that damages nerve endings...

Question 7

William takes two drugs at the same time and experiences antagonistic effects.William most likely took which combination of drugs?
A) LSD and cocaine
B) alcohol and barbiturates
C) cocaine and amphetamine
D) barbiturates and cocaine

Accepted Answer

Barbiturates are depressants, while cocaine is a stimulant. When taken together, they can produce antagonistic effects, as one drug slows down the central nervous system while the other speeds it up.

Question 8

Deborah frequently speaks in front of large groups.To calm her anxiety,she usually has a couple of glasses of wine before beginning to speak.This "medicinal" use of alcohol can be explained MOST easily:
A) by opponent-process theory.
B) through molecular biological analysis.
C) by operant conditioning.
D) as genetic predisposition.

Accepted Answer

Operant conditioning explains this behavior as Deborah uses alcohol to reduce her anxiety, which acts as a negative reinforcement, encouraging her to continue this behavior.

Question 9

Which is NOT a risk for young people abusing cocaine?
A) heart attacks
B) respiratory failure
C) miscarriage
D) macular degeneration

Accepted Answer

Macular degeneration is primarily an age-related condition affecting the eyes, not directly linked to cocaine abuse.

Question 10

Research has shown that,compared with other cognitive-behavioral techniques,acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)for substance use disorder is:
A) more effective and the preferred treatment.
B) at least as effective and sometimes more effective.
C) typically less effective,except in cases of alcohol misuse.
D) effective only when used in combination with biological treatments.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that ACT for substance use disorder is at least as effective and sometimes more effective than other cognitive-behavioral techniques. Therefore, option B is correct. Option A is incorrect because although ACT can be effective, it is not always the preferred treatment. Option C is incorrect because ACT can be effective in cases of substance misuse beyond just alcohol. Option D is incorrect because ACT can be effective on its own and does not necessarily require combination with biological treatments.

Question 11

Alcoholics Anonymous supports the belief that alcoholics should:
A) cease drinking entirely.
B) learn to stop after one drink.
C) be taught to drink more moderately.
D) admit that they are morally reprehensible for drinking.

Accepted Answer

Alcoholics Anonymous' main principle is to help individuals overcome their addiction to alcohol by stopping entirely, rather than attempting to moderate their drinking. This is supported through their concept of complete abstinence as the only solution to their problem.

Question 12

Joshua is a recovering alcoholic.After treatment,he learned how to recognize situations that might cause him to drink and signs that he should stop drinking.What is this known as?
A) aversive therapy
B) ego-control therapy
C) relapse-prevention training
D) behavioral self-control training

Accepted Answer

Relapse-prevention training involves teaching individuals to recognize and manage situations that may trigger a relapse, helping them maintain their recovery.

Question 13

A combination of alcohol abuse and a vitamin B deficiency can lead to:
A) delirium tremens.
B) Tourette's syndrome.
C) Korsakoff's syndrome.
D) alcohol-induced psychotic disorder.

Accepted Answer

Korsakoff's syndrome is caused by long-term alcohol abuse and a deficiency in thiamine (vitamin B1). This syndrome is a form of dementia that can cause memory loss, confusion, and difficulty with coordination. It is often seen in individuals with alcoholism and can be fatal. Delirium tremens is a severe form of alcohol withdrawal that includes symptoms such as tremors, hallucinations, and seizures. Tourette's syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive involuntary movements and vocalizations. Alcohol-induced psychotic disorder is a type of substance-induced disorder that can occur with heavy alcohol use and can cause hallucinations, delusions, and paranoia.

Question 14

Research suggests that people continue to use tobacco despite its health risks because:
A) they are addicted to nicotine.
B) they are not aware of the dangers.
C) it decreases their level of stress.
D) it is acceptable to smoke in U.S.culture.

Accepted Answer

Research consistently shows that the addiction to nicotine is the primary reason people continue to use tobacco despite its health risks. Nicotine is highly addictive and can cause physical withdrawal symptoms when someone tries to quit using tobacco.

Question 15

A drug that produces effects similar to what neurotransmitters called endorphins produce is:
A) heroin.
B) LSD.
C) Benzedrine.
D) methamphetamine.

Accepted Answer

Heroin produces effects similar to endorphins, specifically a sense of euphoria and pain relief. This is because heroin binds to the same receptors in the brain that endorphins bind to, activating the brain's reward system.

Question 16

Psychodynamic therapies may not be very effective in the treatment of substance use disorders because:
A) they teach only new behaviors,not new thought patterns.
B) they teach only new thought patterns,not new behaviors.
C) finding the cause of a substance use disorder is less important than treating the use as an independent problem.
D) psychodynamic therapists unilaterally reject any use of multidimensional treatment programs.

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic therapies focus on uncovering and addressing underlying psychological issues that may contribute to substance use, but this approach may be less helpful in cases where the substance use is the primary issue. Treating substance use as an independent problem may require a more comprehensive, multidimensional approach that addresses behavioral, cognitive, and social factors in addition to psychological ones.

Question 17

Shayla stopped taking her regular amount of cocaine after using it for months.She will probably experience:
A) "crashing"-headaches,depressed feelings,and dizziness.
B) pain,sweating,mania,and nausea.
C) excitement,insomnia,and hallucinations.
D) dramatic tremors of the hands and face,very rapid heart rate,and convulsions.

Accepted Answer

When someone stops using cocaine after prolonged use, they often experience a "crash" characterized by symptoms such as headaches, depressed feelings, and dizziness due to the sudden absence of the drug's stimulating effects.

Question 18

Studies show that students living in substance-free dorms engage in binge drinking about ____ as often as students living in fraternity or sorority houses.
A) 10 percent
B) 25 percent
C) 50 percent
D) 75 percent

Accepted Answer

Studies indicate that students residing in substance-free dormitories engage in binge drinking approximately 50 percent as often as their counterparts living in fraternity or sorority houses, suggesting a significant reduction in such behavior among those in substance-free environments.

Question 19

The drug that,when misused,would MOST quickly result in dependence or addiction would be:
A) Xanax.
B) opium.
C) cannabis.
D) ethyl alcohol.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The drug that,when misused,would MOST quickly result...

Question 20

A friend asks which theory best explains how gambling disorder develops.Based on current research,the BEST response is:
A) Psychodynamic theory explains it best.
B) Sociocultural theory offers the best explanation.
C) Cognitive theory provides the most useful explanation.
D) No one is really sure; we need more research.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A friend asks which theory best explains...

Quiz 10: Substance Use and Addictive Disorders

Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can damage the developing embryo and fetus,resulting in:

An acquaintance of yours uses Ecstasy and says,"Wow! I was totally energized and tripping.It was like LSD and meth combined." Your acquaintance's experience with Ecstasy was:

Which statement BEST describes the changes in the rate of opioid addiction in the United States over the past 30 to 40 years?

Robert has just taken marijuana.Almost half an hour passes before he begins to experience the drug high.Robert has most likely _____ the marijuana.

A friend has done some heavy drinking and asks you what to do to "sober up" as quickly as possible.The response that is MOST appropriate is:

The club drug that damages nerve endings but is NOT considered hallucinogenic is:

William takes two drugs at the same time and experiences antagonistic effects.William most likely took which combination of drugs?

Deborah frequently speaks in front of large groups.To calm her anxiety,she usually has a couple of glasses of wine before beginning to speak.This "medicinal" use of alcohol can be explained MOST easily:

Which is NOT a risk for young people abusing cocaine?

Research has shown that,compared with other cognitive-behavioral techniques,acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for substance use disorder is:

Alcoholics Anonymous supports the belief that alcoholics should:

Joshua is a recovering alcoholic.After treatment,he learned how to recognize situations that might cause him to drink and signs that he should stop drinking.What is this known as?

A combination of alcohol abuse and a vitamin B deficiency can lead to:

Research suggests that people continue to use tobacco despite its health risks because:

A drug that produces effects similar to what neurotransmitters called endorphins produce is:

Psychodynamic therapies may not be very effective in the treatment of substance use disorders because:

Shayla stopped taking her regular amount of cocaine after using it for months.She will probably experience:

Studies show that students living in substance-free dorms engage in binge drinking about ____ as often as students living in fraternity or sorority houses.

The drug that,when misused,would MOST quickly result in dependence or addiction would be:

A friend asks which theory best explains how gambling disorder develops.Based on current research,the BEST response is: