Question 1

Which of the following is FALSE regarding developmental cascades in the study of childhood psychopathology?
A)Developmental cascades involve the connections across domains over time that influence developmental pathways.
B)Little evidence exists as to the connection between early childhood patterns of behavior and adolescent outcomes.
C)Developmental cascades can involve biological,cognitive,and social processes.
D)Links between domains that produce positive or negative outcomes may occur during emerging adulthood.

Accepted Answer

The statement that little evidence exists as to the connection between early childhood patterns of behavior and adolescent outcomes is false. There is ample evidence to support the idea that early childhood patterns of behavior can have a significant impact on a person's development and outcomes during adolescence and beyond.

Question 2

The behavioral problems that most likely cause adolescents to be referred to a clinic for mental health treatment are
A)feelings of sadness or depression.
B)feelings of anxiety.
C)eating disorders.
D)self-injurious behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Feelings of sadness or depression are common reasons for adolescents to be referred to mental health clinics, as these issues can significantly impact their daily functioning and overall well-being.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT an externalizing problem?
A)depression
B)juvenile delinquency
C)aggression
D)antisocial behavior

Accepted Answer

Externalizing problems refer to behaviors that are outwardly directed, such as aggression, delinquency, and antisocial behavior. Depression, on the other hand, is an internalizing problem that primarily affects the individual's thoughts and emotions.

Question 4

Which of the following adolescents is most likely to have the most problems?
A)Nathan,who lives with his married,biological parents.
B)Josie,whose mother suffers from major depression,but is treated at an expensive private hospital.
C)Willard,whose single mother runs a bakery.
D)Samantha,whose father receives Social Security disability payments because he suffers from bipolar disorder.

Accepted Answer

Samantha is likely to face more problems due to her father's bipolar disorder, which can create an unstable home environment and financial challenges, especially if the family relies on disability payments.

Question 5

Research has shown that from the last three months of high school through the end of the first year of college
A)sex with multiple partners decreased.
B)marijuana use decreased.
C)property crimes decreased.
D)driving after drinking increased.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that property crimes decrease during this time period, as individuals become more invested in their futures and begin to understand the consequences of their actions. While some individuals may experience an increase in risky behaviors such as driving after drinking or drug use, overall trends suggest a decrease in criminal behavior. There is no evidence to suggest a decrease in sex with multiple partners or marijuana use during this time period.

Question 6

Peers and ________ influences are believed to be especially important factors in adolescent problems.
A)school
B)family
C)religious
D)co-worker

Accepted Answer

Family influences, along with peers, play a significant role in the development and problems faced by adolescents.

Question 7

Cheri has an overactive thyroid gland that sometimes causes her to have angry outbursts when she doesn't take her medication as prescribed.A therapist seeing Cheri would attribute her anger to
A)social factor.
B)psychological factor.
C)biopsychosocial factor.
D)biological factor.

Accepted Answer

Cheri's anger outbursts are directly related to her overactive thyroid gland, which is a biological factor.

Question 8

Researchers in the field of developmental psychopathology seek to establish links between
A)life and death.
B)early precursors of a problem and later outcomes.
C)late signs of a problem and prognosis.
D)None of these choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Researchers in the field of developmental psychopathology aim to understand the development of mental health problems by examining early precursors (such as genetic factors or adverse childhood experiences) and how they may predict later outcomes (such as specific diagnoses or functional impairment). They are interested in the factors and processes that contribute to the onset and maintenance of mental health problems over time. The other choices are not relevant to the field of developmental psychopathology.

Question 9

Research by Alan Sroufe and colleagues found that anxiety problems in adolescence are linked with
A)secure attachment in infancy.
B)insecure resistant attachment in infancy.
C)avoidant attachment in infancy.
D)disorganized attachment in infancy.

Accepted Answer

Research by Alan Sroufe and colleagues has shown that insecure resistant attachment in infancy is associated with anxiety problems in adolescence.

Question 10

Which approach emphasizes that biological,psychological,and social factors interact to produce the problems that adolescents,emerging adults,and people of other ages develop?
A)the multimodal approach
B)the multi-context approach
C)the comprehensive approach
D)the biopsychosocial approach

Accepted Answer

The biopsychosocial approach emphasizes that biological, psychological, and social factors interact to produce the problems that individuals develop. This approach recognizes that individuals cannot be understood solely based on one particular factor, such as biology or psychology, but rather, a combination of all three factors.

Question 11

Dr.Angco is studying whether adolescents who cut themselves to relieve tension were children who did things like bang their heads on walls or scratch their arms with their fingernails when they were between the ages of three and six.Dr.Angco uses which approach?
A)the developmental psychopathology approach
B)the parental discipline approach
C)the contextual approach
D)the psychiatric approach

Accepted Answer

The developmental psychopathology approach focuses on understanding the development of disorders and psychopathology, including examining early childhood experiences and behaviors that may contribute to later difficulties. Dr.Angco's study falls under this approach as she is examining the potential link between early childhood behaviors and adolescent self-injury.

Question 12

Predictors of problems are called
A)precursors.
B)red flags.
C)risk factors.
D)indicators.

Accepted Answer

Risk factors are factors that increase the likelihood that problems will occur. Precursors and indicators may refer to early signs or symptoms of a problem, but they do not necessarily predict the likelihood of future problems. Red flags are warning signs that a problem may be imminent or already present, but they do not necessarily function as predictors of problems.

Question 13

Parker is constantly getting into trouble for fighting and destroying others' belongings.According to research,Parker is more likely to
A)be in a middle-SES family.
B)be in a lower-SES family.
C)have parents who are married.
D)be an older adolescent or emerging adult.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that children from lower-SES families are more likely to exhibit externalizing behaviors such as aggression and destruction of property. This could be due to a variety of factors such as exposure to violence or less access to resources and support.

Question 14

The developmental psychopathology approach focuses on
A)describing and exploring the developmental pathways of problems.
B)looking at family patterns of pathology over three or more generations.
C)looking at prenatal influences that might predispose an adolescent to psychopathology.
D)looking at parental discipline techniques that might contribute to acting-out behaviors.

Accepted Answer

The developmental psychopathology approach is focused on describing and exploring the developmental pathways of problems, rather than looking at specific parental techniques or prenatal influences. It seeks to understand how problems manifest and change over time and how they are influenced by biological, psychological, and social factors.

Question 15

Dr.Vengrove believes that the cause of his adolescent client's depression is a lack of serotonin in her brain; he prescribes an anti-depressant drug to treat her depression.Dr.Vengrove is using the ________ approach to adolescent problems.
A)psychological
B)social
C)biological
D)holistic

Accepted Answer

Dr.Vengrove is using a biological approach by identifying the cause of depression as a lack of serotonin in the brain and prescribing an anti-depressant drug to treat it.

Question 16

Hannah,age 22,suffers from an anxiety disorder that requires her to take anti-anxiety medication in order to function at her job and in her personal life.Hannah has which of the following problems?
A)an externalizing problem
B)an internalizing problem
C)a latent problem
D)an acute problem

Accepted Answer

Hannah's dependence on medication to manage her anxiety suggests that she has an internalizing problem, which involves experiencing emotional distress internally rather than expressing it outwardly.

Question 17

Research by Alan Sroufe and colleagues has shown a link between avoidant attachment in infancy and ________ in adolescence.
A)obsessive-compulsive disorder
B)anxiety
C)depression
D)conduct problems

Accepted Answer

Sroufe's research has linked avoidant attachment in infancy with conduct problems in adolescence.

Question 18

Trent believes that everyone in his class is laughing at him and that his peers think he is "strange." Trent's distorted thought processes are a ________ factor in his problems with his peers.
A)biological
B)valid
C)psychological
D)social

Accepted Answer

Trent's belief that his peers are laughing at him and considering him "strange" is a cognitive or psychological factor. It pertains to his thought processes and beliefs, which are influencing his behavior and emotions.

Question 19

Adolescent and emerging adult problems are usually categorized as either
A)overt or covert.
B)latent or hidden.
C)externalizing or internalizing.
D)neurotic or psychotic.

Accepted Answer

Adolescent and emerging adult problems are typically categorized as either externalizing or internalizing. Externalizing problems refer to behaviors that are disruptive or harmful to others, such as aggression or substance abuse. Internalizing problems refer to behaviors and emotions that are directed inward, such as anxiety or depression. This categorization helps professionals understand and address the different types of challenges young people may face during this period of development.

Question 20

Which of the following would NOT be considered a psychological factor in an adolescent's problems?
A)emotional turmoil
B)distorted thoughts
C)inappropriate learning
D)socioeconomic status

Accepted Answer

Socioeconomic status is a social factor, not a psychological factor. Psychological factors refer to thoughts, emotions, and behaviors within an individual's mind and psyche. Emotional turmoil and distorted thoughts are examples of psychological factors, while inappropriate learning would be an educational factor.

Quiz 13: Problems in Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood

Which of the following is FALSE regarding developmental cascades in the study of childhood psychopathology?

The behavioral problems that most likely cause adolescents to be referred to a clinic for mental health treatment are

Which of the following is NOT an externalizing problem?

Which of the following adolescents is most likely to have the most problems?

Research has shown that from the last three months of high school through the end of the first year of college

Peers and ________ influences are believed to be especially important factors in adolescent problems.

Cheri has an overactive thyroid gland that sometimes causes her to have angry outbursts when she doesn't take her medication as prescribed.A therapist seeing Cheri would attribute her anger to

Researchers in the field of developmental psychopathology seek to establish links between

Research by Alan Sroufe and colleagues found that anxiety problems in adolescence are linked with

Which approach emphasizes that biological,psychological,and social factors interact to produce the problems that adolescents,emerging adults,and people of other ages develop?

Dr.Angco is studying whether adolescents who cut themselves to relieve tension were children who did things like bang their heads on walls or scratch their arms with their fingernails when they were between the ages of three and six.Dr.Angco uses which approach?

Predictors of problems are called

Parker is constantly getting into trouble for fighting and destroying others' belongings.According to research,Parker is more likely to

The developmental psychopathology approach focuses on

Dr.Vengrove believes that the cause of his adolescent client's depression is a lack of serotonin in her brain; he prescribes an anti-depressant drug to treat her depression.Dr.Vengrove is using the ________ approach to adolescent problems.

Hannah,age 22,suffers from an anxiety disorder that requires her to take anti-anxiety medication in order to function at her job and in her personal life.Hannah has which of the following problems?

Research by Alan Sroufe and colleagues has shown a link between avoidant attachment in infancy and ________ in adolescence.

Trent believes that everyone in his class is laughing at him and that his peers think he is "strange." Trent's distorted thought processes are a ________ factor in his problems with his peers.

Adolescent and emerging adult problems are usually categorized as either

Which of the following would NOT be considered a psychological factor in an adolescent's problems?