The logic of the experimental method rests heavily on the assumption that
A) two variables are positively correlated.
B) experimental and control groups are alike in all important matters except for the independent variable.
C) experimental and control groups are alike in all important matters except for the dependent variable.
D) the independent variable is quantifiable and measurable.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The experimental method requires the comparison of an experimental group (in which the independent variable is manipulated) and a control group (in which the independent variable is kept constant). To draw valid conclusions, the experimental and control groups must be alike in all important respects except for the independent variable being tested. This is known as controlling for extraneous variables. Therefore, the assumption that the experimental and control groups are alike in all important matters except for the independent variable is crucial for the logic of the experimental method. The other choices are not necessary assumptions for the experimental method.

The Logic of the Experimental Method Rests Heavily on the Assumption