Question 1

The only VALID electron state and shell designation among the following is
A)1p,K.
B)2s,K.
C)1s,L.
D)2p,L.
E)3f,M.

Accepted Answer

The correct electron state and shell designation is 2p, L. The principal quantum number (n) indicates the shell (n=1 is K, n=2 is L, etc.), and the azimuthal quantum number (l) indicates the subshell (s, p, d, f for l=0, 1, 2, 3, respectively). For option D, n=2 corresponds to the L shell, and p (l=1) is a valid subshell for n=2.

Question 2

How many photons per second emerge from a laser of power with wavelength (c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,h = 6.626 × 10^-34 J ∙ s) A)6.09 × 10¹⁵ photons/s B)5.03 × 10¹² photons/s C)3.07 × 10¹⁵ photons/s D)3.07 × 10¹³ photons/s

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many photons per second emerge from...

Question 3

A neutral atom has an electron configuration of 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p².How many protons does it have in its nucleus? A)5 B)11 C)14 D)20 E)26

Accepted Answer

The electron configuration indicates that there are 14 electrons in the neutral atom. Since the atom is neutral, the number of protons in the nucleus must also be 14.

Question 4

The magnitude of the orbital angular momentum L of an electron in a certain atom is equal to 3.464ħ.Which of the following angles could NOT be the angle between the orbital angular momentum vector of the electron and an arbitrary z-direction?
A)107°
B)90.0°
C)73.2°
D)54.7°
E)0.00°

Accepted Answer

The answer of The magnitude of the orbital angular momentum...

Question 5

An atom has completely filled inner shells and a single valence electron in an excited p state.The filled inner shells have an orbital momentum equal to zero.What is the magnitude of the orbital angular momentum L of the atom?
A)1.0ħ
B)1.2ħ
C)1.4ħ
D)1.7ħ
E)2.0ħ

Accepted Answer

The answer of An atom has completely filled inner shells...

Question 6

How many possible sets of quantum numbers (electron states)are there in the 5f subshell?
A)2
B)6
C)8
D)10
E)14

Accepted Answer

The 5f subshell can hold a maximum of 14 electrons, corresponding to 7 orbital types (m_l values range from -3 to +3), each of which can hold 2 electrons with opposite spins. This results in 14 possible sets of quantum numbers.

Question 7

What is the correct electronic configuration for the ground state sodium atom,which has 11 electrons? A)1s¹2s²3p⁶2s² B)1s²2s¹3p⁶2s² C)1s¹2s²2p⁶ D)1s²2s²2p⁶3s² E)1s²2s²2p⁶3s¹

Accepted Answer

The correct electronic configuration for a sodium atom in its ground state is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s¹, which corresponds to choice E. This configuration shows that sodium has two electrons in the 1s orbital, two in the 2s orbital, six in the 2p orbitals, and one in the 3s orbital, totaling 11 electrons.

Question 8

A collection of atoms has 20% of the sample in a state above the ground state.If these emit coherent radiation,what is the wavelength of the laser light produced? (c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,h = 6.626 × 10^-34 J ∙ s,1 eV = 1.60 × 10^-19 J) A)210 nm B)91 nm C)340 nm D)34 nm

Accepted Answer

The answer of A collection of atoms has 20% of...

Question 9

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm.What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser action? (c = 2.9979 × 10⁸ m/s,h = 6.626 × 10^-34 J ∙ s, 1 eV = 1.6022 × 10^-19 J) A)1.537 eV B)1.646 eV C)1.786 eV D)1.812 eV E)3.572 eV

Accepted Answer

The answer of The wavelength of a ruby laser is...

Question 10

How many electrons does it take to fill the d subshell?
A)10
B)6
C)14
D)4
E)8

Accepted Answer

The d subshell can hold a maximum of 10 electrons, as it consists of five orbitals, each capable of holding 2 electrons.

Question 11

What is the correct electronic configuration for ground state carbon,which has 6 electrons? A)1s²2s²2p² B)1s¹2p¹ C)1s¹2s²2p¹ D)1s¹2s¹2p¹ E)1s²2s²2p⁴

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the correct electronic configuration for...

Question 12

The only INVALID electron state and shell designation among the following is
A)1s,K.
B)2s,L.
C)2d,L.
D)3s,M.
E)3d,M.

Accepted Answer

The shell designation "L" is reserved only for subshells with l=1, which includes the 2p and 3p orbitals. The 2d subshell does not exist in the electron configuration of any element. Therefore, option C is invalid.

Question 13

How many electrons can be found with principal quantum number n = 3 in a suitably heavy atom?
A)18
B)6
C)20
D)9

Accepted Answer

The number of electrons that can be found in a shell with principal quantum number n = 3 is given by 2n^2. So, for n = 3, the calculation is 2*(3^2) = 2*9 = 18.

Question 14

In a ruby laser,an electron jumps from a higher energy level to a lower one.If the energy difference between the two levels is 1.8 eV,what is the wavelength of the emitted photon? (c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,h = 6.626 × 10^-34 J ∙ s,1 eV = 1.60 × 10^-19 J) A)350 nm B)470 nm C)650 nm D)690 nm E)960 nm

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a ruby laser,an electron jumps from...

Question 15

An atom has completely filled inner shells and a single valence electron in an excited p state.The filled inner shells have an orbital momentum equal to zero.A magnetic field is applied,defining the z-axis along the field.Which of the following sets of angles are possible angles between the magnetic field and the orbital angular momentum?
A)45°
B)90°
C)45°,90°
D)45°,135°
E)45°,90°,135°

Accepted Answer

According to quantum mechanics, the projection of the angular momentum along the direction of the magnetic field is quantized and given by $m_l = -l, -l + 1, ..., l-1, l$, where $l$ is the orbital angular momentum quantum number. In this case, the inner shells have $l=0$, so they do not contribute to the angular momentum of the atom. The valence electron has $l=1$ and can have projections $m_l = -1, 0, 1$.
The possible angles between the magnetic field and the orbital angular momentum are given by the relation $m_l \hbar = -\mu_B m_l B$, where $\mu_B$ is the Bohr magneton. Solving for the angle $	heta$ between the magnetic field and the z-axis, we get:
$$	heta = \arccos\left(\frac{m_l \hbar}{\mu_B B}ight)$$
For $m_l = -1, 0, 1$, the possible angles are approximately $109^\circ$, $90^\circ$, and $71^\circ$, respectively. The angles in the answer choices are $45^\circ$, $90^\circ$, $135^\circ$, or a combination of those. The only combination that includes angles close to $71^\circ$ and $109^\circ$ is answer choice E: $45^\circ$, $90^\circ$, $135^\circ$. Therefore, the best choice is E.

Question 16

What is the electron configuration for ground state Li,which has 3 electrons? A)1s³ B)1s¹2s² C)1s²2s¹ D)1s²1p¹ E)1s¹1p²

Accepted Answer

The electron configuration for ground state Li with 3 electrons is 1s2 2s1. Thus, the correct answer must include 1s2 and 2s1. Only option C includes both of these subshells.

Question 17

The correct ground state electron configuration of boron,which has 5 electrons,is A)1s²2s²2p. B)1s²2s²2p³. C)1s²1p²2s. D)1s²2p²3s. E)1s²2p³.

Accepted Answer

The correct ground state electron configuration for boron, which has 5 electrons, is represented by "1s^2 2s^2 2p^1", which matches the format in option A.

Question 18

You need 14 W of infrared laser light power with wavelength 1270 nm to bore a hole in a diamond.How many downward atomic transitions per second must occur in the laser if all of them result in light directed onto the diamond? (c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,h = 6.626 × 10^-34 J ∙ s) A)8.9 × 10¹⁹ B)8.9 × 10¹⁸ C)5.9 × 10¹⁹ D)2.7 × 10¹⁸

Accepted Answer

The answer of You need 14 W of infrared laser...

Quiz 41: Atomic Physics

The only VALID electron state and shell designation among the following is

How many photons per second emerge from a laser of power with wavelength (c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,h = 6.626 × 10^-34 J ∙ s)

A neutral atom has an electron configuration of 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p².How many protons does it have in its nucleus?

The magnitude of the orbital angular momentum L of an electron in a certain atom is equal to 3.464ħ.Which of the following angles could NOT be the angle between the orbital angular momentum vector of the electron and an arbitrary z-direction?

An atom has completely filled inner shells and a single valence electron in an excited p state.The filled inner shells have an orbital momentum equal to zero.What is the magnitude of the orbital angular momentum L of the atom?

How many possible sets of quantum numbers (electron states) are there in the 5f subshell?

What is the correct electronic configuration for the ground state sodium atom,which has 11 electrons?

A collection of atoms has 20% of the sample in a state above the ground state.If these emit coherent radiation,what is the wavelength of the laser light produced? (c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,h = 6.626 × 10^-34 J ∙ s,1 eV = 1.60 × 10^-19 J)

The wavelength of a ruby laser is 694.3 nm.What is the energy difference between the two energy states involved in laser action? (c = 2.9979 × 10⁸ m/s,h = 6.626 × 10^-34 J ∙ s, 1 eV = 1.6022 × 10^-19 J)

How many electrons does it take to fill the d subshell?

What is the correct electronic configuration for ground state carbon,which has 6 electrons?

The only INVALID electron state and shell designation among the following is

How many electrons can be found with principal quantum number n = 3 in a suitably heavy atom?

In a ruby laser,an electron jumps from a higher energy level to a lower one.If the energy difference between the two levels is 1.8 eV,what is the wavelength of the emitted photon? (c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,h = 6.626 × 10^-34 J ∙ s,1 eV = 1.60 × 10^-19 J)

What is the electron configuration for ground state Li,which has 3 electrons?

The correct ground state electron configuration of boron,which has 5 electrons,is

You need 14 W of infrared laser light power with wavelength 1270 nm to bore a hole in a diamond.How many downward atomic transitions per second must occur in the laser if all of them result in light directed onto the diamond? (c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s,h = 6.626 × 10^-34 J ∙ s)